DNA Flashcards
What is a nucleotide?
A building block of DNA. Consisting five-carbon sugar bonded to a phosphate group and nitrogenous base
What base is Adenine
Purine
What base is cytosine
Pyrimidine
What base is guanine
Purine
What base is thymine?
Pyrimidine
Where is the phosphate group found?
Outside of the molecule
What is chargaff’s rule!
Adenine binds with thymine ~2 hydrogen bonds guanine binds with cytosine ~3 hydrogen bonds
Where can DNA extraction be isolated from?
Can be isolate with from plant and animal cells
What can be used to compare the DNA of two individuals?
DNA Analysis Restriction Enzymes And Gel Electrophoresis
What are restriction enzymes?
Enzymes that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA.
What do molecular scissors do?
Cut DNA at specific sequences
What kinds of bonds are broken when restriction enzymes cut?
Covalent bonds (within a single strand) Hydrogen bonds (between strands) as a result of the strands coming apart
What are restriction fragment length polymorphisms
Differences in DNA sequence on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of restriction fragment lengths
What is gel electrophoresis?
Laboratory method used to separate DNA and RNA and proteins
What is the difference between purine and Pyrimidine?
Purines have two rings in structure and Pyrimidine has 1 ring
Which is bigger purine or Pyrimidine?
Purine
What are the purines in DNA?
Adenine and Guanine
What is a protein?
The machine that make all living thing function
What are receptor proteins?
Responsible for picking u the signal and passing it along to the next cell
What is a chromosome?
Efficient storage units for DNA
What is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid- a double stranded molecule capable of determining the inherited structure of a cells proteins
