DNA

Question 1

Give the word DNA is full

Answer 1

Deoxyribosenucleic acid

Question 2

Give the word RNA in full

Answer 2

Ribonucleic acid

Question 3

Name the monomer of DNA and RNA

Answer 3

A Nucleotide

-phosphate group
-deoxyribose/ribose sugar
-nitrogenous base

Question 4

Name 2 types of extra- nuclear DNA

Answer 4

• mitochondrial
• chloroplastic

Question 5

Name the nitrogenous bases found in DNA

Answer 5

-Adenine
-Thymine
-Guanine
-Cytosine

Question 6

Names the nitrogenous bases found in RNA

Answer 6

-Adenine
-Uracil
-Cytosine
-Guanine

Question 7

Wht do you call the structure of a DNA molecule

Answer 7

Double Helix

Question 8

Who discovered the DNA molecule and when?

Answer 8

-Watson and Crick
-using Franklin’s images
-in 1953

Question 9

Name 3 places where DNA is found

Answer 9

-nucleus
-chloroplasts
-mitochondria

Question 10

Name 2 functions of DNA

Answer 10

-Passes on hereditary characteristics
-Provides necessary code to make protein needed for the growth and development of an organism

Question 11

Which nitrogenouse bases have purines(double ring structures)?

Answer 11

Adenine and Guanine

Question 12

Which nitrogenouse bases have pyramidines(single ring structures)?

Answer 12

Thymine and Cytosine

Question 13

Describe the process of DNA replication

Answer 13

-DNA double helix unwinds
-Weak hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases break
-DNA strand unzips

-Each strand acts as a template upn which it’s compliment is built
-Free nucleotides build a new DNA strand upon original strands by attaching their complimentary nitrogenous bases.
-Two identical DNA molecules form

Question 14

Describe the process of DNA replication

Answer 14

-DNA double helix unwinds
-Weak hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases break
-DNA strand unzips

-Each strand acts as a template upn which it’s compliment is built
-Free nucleotides build a new DNA strand upon original strands by attaching their complimentary nitrogenous bases.
-Two identical DNA molecules form

Question 15

Why is DNA replication important?

Answer 15

-Help pass down genetic code to ensure the survival of a species.
-Repairs damaged cells through cell replication.
-To produce an identical molecule as changes can cause harmful mutations.

Question 16

Describe the process of Transcription.

Answer 16

-A section of DNA double helix unwinds.
-weak hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases break .
-the section of DNA unzips.

-One strand is used as a template to form mRNA with free nucleotides from nucleoplasm.
-MRNA contains the code to produce proteins.
-mRNA is complementary to tRNA
-mRNA leaves nucleus through nuclear pores, goes through cytoplasm into ribosomes.

Question 17

Describe the process of Transcription.

Answer 17

-A section of DNA double helix unwinds.
-weak hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases break .
-the section of DNA unzips.

-One strand is used as a template to form mRNA with free nucleotides from nucleoplasm.
-MRNA contains the code to produce proteins.
-mRNA is complementary to tRNA
-mRNA leaves nucleus through nuclear pores, goes through cytoplasm into ribosomes.

Question 18

Describe the process of translation.

Answer 18

-mRNA colons are complimentary to tRNA anti - codons.
-mRNA provides code for the sequence of amino acids to form proteins.
-Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid to ribosomes.
-Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds to form a protein.

Question 19

Describe the process of translation.

Answer 19

-mRNA colons are complimentary to tRNA anti - codons.
-mRNA provides code for the sequence of amino acids to form proteins.
-Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid to ribosomes.
-Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds to form a protein.

Question 20

Name 3 types of RNA in full

Answer 20

-mRNA( messenger RNA)
-tRNA(transfer RNA)
-rRNA(ribosomal RNA)