DNA Flashcards
q/a
What are chromosomes made up of
DNA
A piece of DNA that codes for one protein is a
Gene
how many genes are in one chromosomes
Thousands
How many chromosomes do humans have
46
How are male chromosomes different from female chromosomes.
Female XX
Male XY
The sequence of nucleotides in the nucleus of each cell is a
genetic code
How does DNA control the activities in the cell
DNA tells the cell what protiens to make
What is the process if making proteins is called
Protein synthesis
The process of mRNA copying the DNA code is called
Transcprtion= transcribed
Where is DNA found
in the nucleus
After mRNA copies the DNA code in the nucleus where does the mRNA go
ribosomes in the cytoplasm
The process of changing the genetic code into a sequence of amino acids is called
tranlation = translated
where does the process for #12 occur
ribsome
what carries amino acids to ribosomes
t-RNA
what are the nitrogen base ( or nucleotides) in DNA
A, T , C , G
what are the nitrogen base in RNA
A , U , C , G
what is made by putting amino acid together
protien
What are the monomers for proteins
amino acid
What is a codon
Three letters that code for one amino acids
what is a change in the nitrogen base sequence of a gene
mutation
what kind of mutation change one nucleotide
base substitution
what kind of mutation adds nucleotide
base insertion
what kinds of mutation leaves out a nucleotide
base deletion
how does a mutation affect protein
it changes the amion acid in the protien and changes the shape and function
