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STEM 302 - Prelims Reviewer > DNA > Flashcards

DNA Flashcards

1
Q

What type of chromosomes do female have?

A

XX Chromosomes

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2
Q

What type of chromosomes do male have?

A

XY Chromosomes

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3
Q

What does DNA stands for?

A

Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid

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4
Q

What are the 4 DNA Bases?

A

Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine

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5
Q

What carries genetic information?

A

DNA

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6
Q

What are the 3 organic molecules does Nucleotide contain?

A

Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogeneous Base

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7
Q

It is the unit of hereditary in an organism and holds cell’s information and pass genetic trait

A

Gene

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8
Q

It is the genetic complement of an organism, including all its genes?

A

Genome

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9
Q

How many chromosomes does a human contain?

A

46 / 23 pairs

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10
Q

The information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product (proteins)

A

Gene Expression

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11
Q

What are the two sequential steps of Gene Expression?

A

Transcription and Translation

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12
Q

Information stored in DNA is passed to RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) and occurs in the Nucleus

A

Transcription

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13
Q

Carries the information from the DNA out of the nucleus into cytoplasm

A

mRNA

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14
Q

mRNA interacts with ribosome which “reads” the sequence of mRNA nucleotides

A

Translation

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15
Q

What is a sequence of three nucleotides is called?

A

Codon

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16
Q

It is the alteration in a segment of a DNA?

A

Genetic Changes

17
Q

It changes the DNA sequence and can be caused by radiation, viruses, and etc.

A

Mutation

18
Q

It exchanges DNA between adjacent chromosomes and results to production of new genetic makeup?

A

Recombination

19
Q

It is the artificial recombination of different organisms

A

Genetic Engineering

20
Q

What is the 1st step of Gene Engineering?

A

Isolation of the Target Gene

21
Q

What is the 2nd step of Gene Engineering?

A

Insertion of the Target Gene into the Vector

22
Q

What is the 3rd step in Genetic Engineering?

A

Introduction of Vector into Host

23
Q

What is the 4th step of Gene Engineering?

A

Amplication of Target Gene

24
Q

It cuts the specific part of the DNA

A

Restriction Enzyme

25
Q

This helps synthesize

A

Polymerase

26
Q

This helps bind

A

Ligase

27
Q

This helps in carrying and integrating the desired gene

A

Vector

28
Q

Information in which the recombinant DNA is introduced

A

Host Organism

STEM 302 - Prelims Reviewer (3 decks)

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