Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Higher Human Biology > DNA > Flashcards

DNA Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is gene expression?

A

gene expression is the process of using information from a gene to synthesise a protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a phenotype?

A

A phenotype is what you physically look like

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two stages of protein synthesis?

A

Transcription and translation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is transcription?

A

Transcription is the synthesis of mRNA from a section of DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Translation?

A

Translation is the synthesis of a protein using instructions from mRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does transcription take place?

A

The nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does Translation take place?

A

The ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What order does protein synthesis occur in?

A

Transcription and then translation after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What number of strands does DNA have?

A

DNA is double stranded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What number of strands does RNA have?

A

RNA is single stranded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What sugar does DNA have?

A

Deoxyribose sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What sugar does RNA have?

A

Ribose sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the base pairs involved in DNA?

A

Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine,Thymine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the base pairs involved in RNA?

A

Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine, Uracil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is mRNA function?

A

It carries a copy of the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is tRNA function?

A

Each tRNA molecule carries its specific amino acid to the ribosome

17
Q

What is rRNA function?

A

Forms the ribosome with proteins

18
Q

What is the first step of RNA Polymerase in Transcription?

A

It moves along the gene unwinding the double helix and breaking the hydrogen bonds

19
Q

What is the second thing RNA Polymerase does in Transcription?

A

It synthesises a primary transcript of mRNA from free RNA nucleotides by complementary base pairing

20
Q

What is the third thing RNA Polymerase does in Transcription?

A

It keeps adding nucleotides from the 5’ end to the 3’ end until a stop codon is reached which results in a Primary transcript of mRNA

21
Q

What are introns?

A

They are non-coding regions of the primary mRNA transcript and are removed

22
Q

What are exons?

A

They are coding regions and are spliced (joined together) to form the nature mRNA transcript

23
Q

What does a start codon do?

A

A start codon on the mRNA transcript signals for translation to begin

24
Q

What does a stop codon do in translation?

A

Protein synthesis then stops when a stop codon is reached on the mRNA transcript

Higher Human Biology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions