dna

Question 1

function of the nucleus?

Answer 1

to store genetic information

Question 2

define gamete

Answer 2

sex cells

Question 3

what is an enzyme?

Answer 3

A protein that acts as a biological catalyst

Question 4

How many chromosomes are in a gamete?

Answer 4

23

Question 5

define haploid?

Answer 5

A cell/nucleus with half the number of chromosomes as a normal (diploid)
cell/nucleus

Question 6

State the nucleotide bases that DNA is made up of?

Answer 6

A,T,C,G

Question 7

Describe complementary base pairing?

Answer 7

A pairs with T and G always pairs with C

Question 8

Which type of bond holds together the complementary nucleotide bases?

Answer 8

WEAK hydrogen bonds

Question 9

State the components of DNA extraction buffer solution.

Answer 9

• Water
• Salt
• Detergent

Question 10

What needs to be added to precipitate the
DNA from solution during DNA extraction

Answer 10

ICE COLD ethanol

Question 11

homozygous

Answer 11

When an organism inherits two alleles for a particular gene and they are the same

Question 12

define allele

Answer 12

a different version of the same gene

Question 13

heterozygous

Answer 13

When an organism inherits two alleles for a particular gene and they are the different

Question 14

recessive

Answer 14

An allele that is only expressed when both/two copies are inherited

Question 15

dominant

Answer 15

An allele that is always expressed even when only one copy is inherited

Question 16

genome

Answer 16

The full set of chromosomes for a particular organism

Question 17

Which enzyme used in genetic engineering is used to ‘cut the DNA strands

Answer 17

restriction enzymes

Question 18

Which enzyme used in genetic engineering is used to stick’ the DNA fragments back together via their sticky ends

Answer 18

ligase

Question 19

Give the shape of the DNA structure

Answer 19

double helix

Question 20

State the sex chromosomes for a man and a woman

Answer 20

Male = XY
Female = XX