DNA

Question 1

How many rings do Purines have?

Answer 1

2 rings

Question 2

How many rings do Pyrimidines have?

Answer 2

1 ring

Question 3

The number of Cytosines in a molecule of DNA should equal the number of ___.

Answer 3

Guanines

Question 4

What are the four nitrogen bases?

Answer 4

Thymine|Adenine|Guanine|Cytosine

Question 5

What is the shape of DNA?

Answer 5

Double Helix

Question 6

What type of bonds are found between nitrogen bases?

Answer 6

Hydrogen bonds

Question 7

How many hydrogen bonds do Adenine and Thymine have?

Answer 7

2 hydrogen bonds

Question 8

How many hydrogen bonds do Cytosine and Guanine have?

Answer 8

3 hydrogen bonds

Question 9

What shape are Eukaryotic chromosomes?

Answer 9

Linear

Question 10

What shape are Prokaryotic chromosomes?

Answer 10

Circular

Question 11

What does DNA store?

Answer 11

Genetic information to build proteins

Question 12

What are three nucleotides called?

Answer 12

Codon

Question 13

What does Codons code for?

Answer 13

Amino Acids

Question 14

What makes up the sugar-phosphate backbone?

Answer 14

Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

Question 15

What proteins help keep DNA coiled?

Answer 15

Nucleosomes and Histones

Question 16

What is DNA coiled into?

Answer 16

Chromosomes

Question 17

What do errors or damages to the DNA cause?

Answer 17

Mutations

Question 18

What is the order of enzymes used during DNA replication? (first to last)

Answer 18

Topoisomerase, Helicase, Primase, DNA Polymerase, & Ligase

Question 19

What intiates DNA synthesis for both the leading and lagging strand

Answer 19

RNA primers

Question 20

Which strands add new nucleotides from the 5′ to 3′ end?

Answer 20

Both the leading and lagging strand

Question 21

What organelle does DNA replication occur in?

Answer 21

Nucleus

Question 22

During what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Answer 22

S

Question 23

What is the site where DNA replication begins?

Answer 23

Replication Origin

Question 24

What is the builder in DNA replication?

Answer 24

DNA polymerase

Question 25

What is the enzyme that connects DNA to the sugar phosphate backbone?

Answer 25

Ligase

Question 26

What protein does DNA wind itself around?

Answer 26

Histone

Question 27

What direction does DNA polymerase move in?

Answer 27

From the 5′ to 3′ end

Question 28

What enzyme breaks hydrogen bonds (unzips)?

Answer 28

Helicase

Question 29

What enzyme sets the primers?

Answer 29

Primase

Question 30

What are the fragments on the lagging strand called?

Answer 30

Okazaki fragments

Question 31

How are the two strands of DNA arranged?

Answer 31

Antiparallel

Question 32

What is the function of DNA?

Answer 32

Contains the instructions for creating proteins

Question 33

What are nucleotides made of?

Answer 33

Deoxyribose sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogen Base

Question 34

What is the monomer of DNA?

Answer 34

Nucleotides

Question 35

What does Topoisomerase do in DNA replication?

Answer 35

Unwinds the DNA strands

Question 36

What enzyme breaks the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen bases?

Answer 36

Helicase

Question 37

What is the deoxyribose sugar molecule bonded to in nucleotides?

Answer 37

Phosphate & Nitrogen Base

Question 38

What does Antiparallel mean?

Answer 38

It runs in the opposite direction

Question 39

Which scientists developed the first DNA model in the shape of a double helix?

Answer 39

James Watson & Francis Crick

Question 40

What enzyme prevents supercoiling by breaking and reforming bonds of the sugar-phosphate backbone during DNA replication?

Answer 40

Topoisomerase

Question 41

Two __________ make one ___________?

Answer 41

Chromatids, Chromosomes