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DNA and RNA > DNA > Flashcards

DNA Flashcards

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1
Q

The nucleotide used in RNA instead of thymine

A

Uracil

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2
Q

Made the discovery that the percentage of A was always equal to T and G was equal to C

A

Erwin Chargaff

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3
Q

Unwinds the DNA molecule allowing it to be replicated

A

Helicase

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4
Q

Where does translation occur inside the cell

A

Cytoplasm

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5
Q

Enzyme that lays down individual nucleotides in a 5’ to 3’ direction

A

DNA polymerse III

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6
Q

Changes in the genetic material

A

Mutations

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7
Q

This persons famous photo 51 contributed to the discovery of the structure of DNA

A

Rosalind Franklin

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8
Q

The molecular machine that attaches to the strand of mRNA to help produce string of amino acids

A

Ribosome

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9
Q

Synthesizes a shorts sequence of RNA that serves as a starting point for replicating a DNA strand

A

Primase

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10
Q

Changes in the DNA involved one or a few nucloetides

A

Point mutations

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11
Q

Three-letter sequence of mRNA used to specify a certain amino acid

A

condon

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12
Q

Inversion and translocation are examples of

A

Chromosomal mutations

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13
Q

This British scientist was using the technique of x-ray crystallography which later lead to the discovery of DNA’s structure

A

Maurice Wilkins

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14
Q

AUG

A

Methonine or start condon

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15
Q

These specialized protiens aid in the formation of chromosomes

A

histones

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16
Q

Unique short segments synthesized discontinuously on the lagging strand during DNA replication

A

Okazaki fragments

17
Q

The genetic code in mRNA contains instructions for making

A

Protiens

18
Q

Reponsible for binding the fragments of DNA together at the end of replication

A

DNA Ligase

19
Q

The part of tRNA that is complementary to the three-letter sequence on mRNA

A

anticodon

20
Q

The three parts of RNA

A

mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

21
Q

A mutation caused by the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide but not by a substitution

A

Frameshift mutation

22
Q

This two-man team of scientists credited with the discovering the structure of DNA

A

James Watson and Francis Crick

23
Q

DNA stands for

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

24
Q

A prymidine is recognised by this characterisic

A

One Ring

25
Q

In what year was the structure of DNA discovered

A

1953

26
Q

During DNA replication, the strand that adds new nucleotieds continuously

A

leading strand

27
Q

Another name for the support structure that holds the DNA base pairs

A

Sugar- Phosphate Backbone

28
Q

Which complementary base pair is held together with 2 bonds

A

Adenine and thymine

29
Q

3 parts of a single monomer

A

Phosphate group, Deoxyribose sugar, Nitrogenous base

30
Q

What holds the complementary base pairs together

A

hydrogen bonds

31
Q

Purines

A

Adenine and Guanine

32
Q

Basic structures of nucleotides and their parts

A

Levene

33
Q

Parental strands of DNA separate and serve as templates
Produce DNA molecules that have parental and new DNA

A

Semi-consevative process

DNA and RNA (1 decks)

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