DM2 Pt2-1 Bordetella bronchiseptica Flashcards
What is Bordetella bronchiseptica?
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonises the respiratory tract of mammals, including domestic cats.
How common is Bordetella bronchiseptica in multi-cat households?
B. bronchiseptica was detected in 5% of cats from households with respiratory disease and in 1.3% of cats without disease.
How is Bordetella bronchiseptica transmitted in cats?
It is shed in oral and nasal secretions and can be transmitted from infected dogs to cats.
What respiratory signs are associated with B. bronchiseptica infection in cats?
Signs range from mild illness (fever, coughing, sneezing, ocular discharge) to severe pneumonia with dyspnoea, cyanosis, and death.
What is the diagnostic method of choice for Bordetella in cats with lower respiratory signs?
Identification from bronchoalveolar lavage samples is considered diagnostic for B. bronchiseptica.
What is the recommended treatment for Bordetella infection in cats?
Antibacterial therapy, typically doxycycline, is indicated, even for mild cases.
What should be done when using doxycycline in cats?
Doxycycline can cause oesophagitis; it should be followed with food or water to prevent irritation.
Is Bordetella bronchiseptica vaccination a core vaccine for cats?
No, Bordetella vaccination is not a core vaccine but may be considered for at-risk cats, such as those in shelters.
When should Bordetella vaccines not be administered to cats?
They should not be given to kittens under 4 weeks of age, cats on antibiotics, or in households with immunocompromised individuals.
How long does immunity last after a Bordetella vaccination?
The modified-live virus vaccine provides immunity for at least one year, with annual boosters recommended.
In what situations should Bordetella vaccination be performed?
Vaccination should be limited to cats in high-density populations with a history of Bordetella disease.
What precautions should be taken when vaccinating cats for Bordetella?
Vaccinated cats will shed bacteria, so they should be kept away from immunocompromised individuals, and live vaccines can occasionally induce mild clinical signs.
