DM - Overview

Question 1

DM represents a group of heterogeneous metabolic disorders that develop when ____

Answer 1

insulin secretion is insufficient to maintain normal plasma glucose level

Question 2

The most common form of DM

Answer 2

T2DM accounting for more than 90% of cases

Question 3

T2DM is typically identified in patients who are:

Answer 3

• Overweight or obese; and/or
  
  • Have a family history of DM
  • History of GDM
• Meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome

Question 4

Most persons with T2D have evidence of:

Answer 4

• Insulin resistance
  
  • Elevated fasting or postprandial plasma insulin; and/or
  • Elevated C-peptide concentrations
• High triglycerides
• Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]

Question 5

How is T1DM confirmed?

Answer 5

• By the presence of autoantibodies to:
  
  • Glutamic acid decarboxylase
  • Pancreatic islet β cells (tyrosine phosphatase IA-2)
  • Zinc transporter (ZnT8), and/or
  • Insulin
• Note:*
• Some forms of T1D have no evidence of autoimmunity and have been termed idiopathic