DM Flashcards
Hormone that Increases in DM
Glucagon
Epinephrine
Cortisol
hGH
Type of DM characterized by being Autoimmune
–Selective destruction of βcells by lymphocytes
– Circulation antibodies
Type 1
Viral risks factors for DM1
Coxsackie
Pox Virus
Rubella
Nutrimental risk factors for DM1
Cow Milk
DM2 can be both by ____ or ____
Insulin action deficiency Insulin deficiency (Beta cell destruction)
In. DM2, insulin action deficiency produces _____ production by the liver and _____ glucosee utilization by muscle or adipocytes
More glucose
Less
a lot of glucose in the blood produces glucose ____
Secretion in urine
As there is no glucose uptake, cells such as miocytes or adipocytes, go to the ___ pathway, and then ____
proteolisis/lipolisis
Gluconeogénesis
Familiar background is related in DM type ___
DM2
Obesity is not common in DM type ___
DM1
3 pls in diabetes stand for ___
Polydipsia, Polyfagi, polyuria
Acute complications od DM
Hypoglicemia, Ketoacidosis, Non Keto hyperosmolar staate
Chronic complications of DM divide into
Macrovascular
Microvascular
Crónica macrovascular complications of DM
Coronary disease
Cardiovascular disease
Periphereal vascular disease
crónica microvascular complications of DM
Retinopathy
Neuropathy
Nefropathy
Diabetic level of glucose while fasting
> 126mg/dl
Diabetic level of glucose postprandial
> 200mg/dl
Diabetic HbA1C levels
> 6.5 mg(dl
(5.6 sano)
Sulfonylureas such as Glibenclamide is not indicated in Px with
Kidney Failure
Biguanids such as Metformin is not indicated in
Kidney or liver failure, alcoholismo, lactic acidosis
They produce insulin secretion by K channel, but you gain weight and may produce hypoglicemia
Sulfonylureas
Produces decreased hepatic production of glucose and increases muscle sensitivity to it, as lowering GI glucose absorption
Metformin
Metformin side effect is
Acidosis
It binds to peroxisome proliferative protein increasing insulin sensitivity in liver and muscle
Thiazolidinediones
They inhibit brush border enzymes but can cause diarreah, flatulence
A-glucosiddase inhibidos
Increase incretine levels which disminishes glucagon release and increases insulin realease
Diminishes gastric emptying
May produce headache
DPP-4
may produce pancreatitis, vomito an diarrhea
• Disminish gastric emptying
Increase insulin release Supress glucagon secretion
glp-1 aGONISTAAS
block glucose reabsorption from kidneys, increases urine secretion of it
Inh SGLT-2
iN THERAPY, the glucose goal for the diabetic is ___ while fasting, ___ after meal and ___ HbA1C
0
80-110; <140; <7%
The non vascular chronic complications for DM
Gastroparesis
Sexual dysfunction
Skin dehydration
These are complications of DM called____
• • •
Burning pain in both feet (socks) and hands (gloves) Paresthesias, disesthesias
Fine stinging paresthesias, electrical paroxisms Allodynia to mechanical touch and thermal heat
Neuropathy
Pie diabético in inglich
Charcot foot
