DLD Flashcards
Perlocutionary
3 _ behaviors
(birth to 9 months)
Infant smiles, cries, coos (“functional communication”)
In individualistic cultures adults responds as if this was intentional communication
3 pragmatic behaviors: eye contact, joint attention, turn-taking
Illocutionary
(9 months)
Use of gestures that become conventionalized (e.g., wave, point)
Use ‘protowords’
Protoimperative: affect other’s behavior (e.g., hand parent a container)
Protodeclarative: affect other’s attention (e.g., point to an airplane)
Babbling (canonical, variegated, jargon-> words)
Locutionary
(11-13 months)
First word milestone 11-13 months
“A true word has to have a ‘phonetic relationship’ to the adult word and the child must use the word consistently to mark a particular situation or object”
Unstable vocabulary for first 10 words (different from regression)
what + what = typical reading skills
good comprehension + good decoding
what + what = dyslexia
good comprehension skills + poor decoding skills = dyslexia
what + what = reading comprehension disorder
poor comprehension skills + good decoding skills = reading comprehension disorder
what + what = mixed reading disorder
poor comprehension skills + poor decoding skills = mixed reading disorder
many reading disabilities are secondary to
language disorders
simple view of reading consists of two ropes made of fibers that intertwine. they are:
language comprehension + word recognition = skilled reading
language comprehension from the simple view of reading encompases
background knowledge
vocab
language structure (syntax & semantics)
verbal reasoning
literacy knowledge
word recognition from the simple view of reading encompases
phonological awareness
decoding
sight recognition
in the simple view of reading language comprehension becomes increasingly ____ and word recognition becomes increasingly ___ over time to come together as ____
strategic; automatic; skilled reading
Biological factors that influence lang dev:
CCPPH
1) Cognitive ability,
2) prematurity
3) physical disability:
- so much of how kids learn lang is a product of how they explore their enviros. With phys disability, you’re not doing a lot of that
4) hearing status:
- reg ear infections> quality of input from comm partner is low
5) cleft palate
- kids less intelligible get diff feedback and comm opportunities
Environmental factors that influence lang development:
1) SES
2) Caregiver responsivity
3) Access to literacy materials
4) Access to preschool and early learning opportunities
5) Interactions with siblings and peers
IMITATION and OBJECT PERMENANCE are highly related to
language development
Imitation – useful language learning strategy to build ___
difficulties in imitation of speech and motor behaviours have been found to be risk factors for children later diagnosed with
vocabulary and engage in verbal interactions with others (imitate many different kinds of behaviours, including gestures, sounds and multi-step motor movements);
ASD
Object permanence – child’s understanding that
object permanence is correlated
objects exist even when they are not present;
object permanence is correlated with the ability to think symbolically
(this allows child to use words to talk about things that are not present i.e. words are used as symbols to represent objects, people, feelings, etc.)
relationship between motor development and language
relationship between social development and language
CONDITIONS THAT CAN CAUSE A SECONDARY LANGUAGE DISORDER
1) Children that have Autism Spectrum Disorder
2) Children that have intellectual disabilities
3) Children with hearing loss
4) Children with a Brain injury
5) Children that have learning disabilities
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism spectrum disorder is a
developmental disability that causes secondary language disorders
Risk Factors: ASD
Genetic factors: There is a higher rate of ASD in children with family members who are also affected.
Environmental factors: Prenatal and perinatal complications, especially maternal rubella and anoxia.
Boys are four times more likely than girls to be affected.
ASD is characterized by difficulties in …
difficulties in social interactions and communication, repetitive behaviors, and overly restricted interests
intellectual disability
The impact of developmental language disorders on learning and educational achievement.
academics (all areas including math)
social implications (learning, interaction, aggression)
reading and writing and oral language
A true language delay should not affect
not affect academic outcomes because the child should catch up with their typically developing peers by the time that they’re 3 to 5 years old
A true language disorder can affect
a child academically in all aspects of the curriculum
T/F - DLD is likely to resolve without intervention by 5
false
T/F - for multilingual learners to recieve a DLD diagnosis, their first/best language would have to be delayed
true
can you diagnose DLD plus another primary diagnosis?
no - has to be on its own or else its a language disorder associated with ___ (e.g. down syndrome)
why use the term disorder in dld
helps carefivers and other ppl to understand the signidicane of DLD and icnrease access to services
how is dld diagnosed? the child has
significant language deficits relative to age expectations can create obstacles to communication or learning in everyday life
persistent and unlikely to resolve by 5 y.o
not associated with known biomedical condition
prelinguistic stages
perlocutionary, illocutionary, locutionary
