Dizziness and Vertigo COPIED

Question 1

Two divisions of dizziness

Answer 1

vertiginous

non-vertiginous

Question 2

non-vertiginous dizziness types

Answer 2

• presyncope
• light headedness (eg. postural hypotension)
• disequilibrum (altered gait/ balance without head symptoms)

Question 3

two big divisions of vertigo

Answer 3

• central
• peripheral

Question 4

central vertigo causes

Answer 4

stroke

MS

infection

trauma

acoustic neuroma

Question 5

peripheral vertigo causes

(most common cause of vertigo, not central causes)

• conflicting sensory information from ears, eyes, and joints.

Answer 5

• inner ear/ vesticular system disorders
• eg.
• paroxysmal positional vertigo
• Meniere’s disease
• labyrinthitis
• visual vertigo
• vestibular neuronitis

Question 6

Which physical examinations for dizziness?

Answer 6

cardiovascular - vascular disease, AF

neurological - cranial nerve palsy, cerebellar signs, abnormal gait, limb weakness/ hemiparesis

ear examination

Question 7

What is BPPV?

(benign paraoxysmal positional vertigo)

Answer 7

dislodgement of calcium crystals in inner ear.

vertigo symptoms lasts seconds to minutes and can be induced by head movements.

Diagnosis confirmed with Dix-Hallpike test

tx. Epley manouvre

Question 8

peripheral cause of vertigo is likely if….

Answer 8

px has hearing loss, tinnitus, ear infection, headache, nausea and vomiting.

Question 9

What must never be missed and could cause avascular necrosis?

Answer 9

septal haematoma

(swelling from the medial side of a fractured nose)