Divison and differentiation

Question 1

What is a somatic cell

Answer 1

a body cell that is not involved in reproduction

Question 2

Define differentiation

Answer 2

where stem cells express certain genes to produce proteins characteristics for a type of cell so the cell can carry out a specialised function

Question 3

3 properties of cancer cells

Answer 3

1. Do not respond to regulatory signals.
2. Divide excessively
3. Form a mass of abnormal cells

Question 4

Describe the formation of a secondary tumour

Answer 4

if cancer cells fail to attach to each other they can spread through the body

Question 5

Germline stem cells divide by MITOSIS to produce

Answer 5

more diploid germline stem cells

Question 6

Germline stem cells divide by MEIOSIS to produce

Answer 6

Haploid gametes (sperm or ova)

Question 7

Two properties of stem cells

Answer 7

1. Divide by mitosis to make more stem cells
2. Differentiate into specialised cells by switching on certain genes

Question 8

Two therapeutic uses of stem cells

Answer 8

1. Corneal Repair
2. Regeneration of damaged skin

Question 9

Stem cells can also be used as model cells to study

Answer 9

1. how diseases develop
2. Drug testing

Question 10

Tissue cells found in bone marrow will develop into

Answer 10

All of the types of blood cells rbc, wbc

Question 11

Two locations of tissue stem cells

Answer 11

1. Bone marrow
2. Skin

Question 12

Two types of stem cells

Answer 12

1. Embryonic
2. Tissue

Question 13

Sources of embryonic stem cells

Answer 13

1. Embryos
2. Amniotic fluid
3. iPS cells

Question 14

ethical issue with the use of embryonic stem cells

Answer 14

involves destruction of an embryo which could be a life