Divisions over religion Flashcards
What were two key charachteristics at the heart of laud-anti calvanism?
1) rejection of predestination
2) less emphasis on the bible and preaching but more emphasis on ritual and ceremony.
What is ‘Beauty of Holiness’.
Describes the most notable aspects of Laudian influence on the decoration and apearances of the churches
What were some changes made to the church under Laud?
-communion table moved and railed off as an altar in the east end of the church
-increased emphasis on ceremony
-decorations such as stained glass windows
-increased use of music
-ministers wearing vestments not plain robes
-removal of gentry’s ornamental pews
What was puritan views on these changes?
The physical changes to the church were elements of idoltary derived from all that was wrong about catholicism
What dis charles 1 not do when changes were made?
Did not supply a real justification for this change to the general public.
What was the altar policy becoming?
-The communion table would be aligned north- south against the far east wall of the church , where the catholic alter had been.
-The space around the altar would be raised by some steps
-this chancel area would be separate from the rest of the church by rail
-the altar would be covered with a decorated embroided cloth
Feoffees for impropriations
an organisation, mainly of puritans, which from 1626 raised money to control the appointment of clergy to parishes in order to establish puritan preachers; Laud has the feoffees banned in 1633 and the parishes they owned were taken over by the laudians
Puritanism
covers a broad range of protestants, including but not limited to calvinists and presbyterians.
What was patrick Collinson most accepted definition for puritans?
‘the hotter soty of protestant’:those who placed religion at the centre of their lives and who sought to further reform the church of england so that all aspects of catholic practices and symbols were removed
In 1630 what did protestants become increasingly worried with?
concerned at the direction of charles imposition of laudianism and felt an increasing connection with the puritan opposition
John williams
Bishop john Williams was imprisoned in 1637 as a result of his published criticisms of the altar policy in the HOLY TABLE, NAME A THING. Williams criticism indicated that even terminology was a source of contention, because the word ‘altar’ was regarded as catholic
Pryn, Burton, Bastwick
Were brought before the court of star chamber for their criticisms of church policy. The 3 men were found guilty of criticising lauds measures - they were each fined £5000 and imprisoned for life but it was the public cropping of their ears that earned the tree men’s sympathy.
The sympathy was not so much because of the punishment but because it was inflicted on three men who were professionals- not a lot of people read their criticisms or agreed but the number of people who knew them because of their punishment was much greater.
John lilburne
lilburne was driven to oppose laudianism by his puritanism and then commited himself to print his work. in feb 1638 he was found guilty by the strar chamber of printing unlicensed literature. For his punishment he was fined and whipped and pilloried in public.
Articles of perth
were forced through the general assembly of the Kirk of Scotland in 1618 by James 1, employing all his political skills. The articles had five parts, each adressing different issues: kneeling at communion ; observance of holy day; private baptism; private communion; and confirmation by bishops. To presbyterians the commands laid out in the articles looked like catholicism.
