divisions of the nervous system Flashcards
name the types of nervous system
central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
what are the components of the central nervous system
brain
spinal cord
what are the components of the peripheral nervous system
autonomic nervous system
somatic nervous system
outline the job of the spinal cord
- acts as relay between brain and body
- contains simple relay neurones that help perform quick reflex reactions without the brain
what are the components of the autonomic nervous system
sympathetic
parasympathetic
what is the job of the peripheral nervous system
relay impulses to and from the rest of the body
what is the role of the sympathetic nervous system
excitatory actions eg. fight or flight
what is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system
brings body back to a state of rest after an emergency
what is the role of the somatic nervous system
- sensory nerves relay impulses from CNS to rest of body
- motor nerves relay impulses from body back to CNS
what is the job of the dendrites
receive signals from other neurones or sensory receptor cells
connected to cell body
what is the job of the axon
carries nerve impulses in the form of an action potential away from the cell body to the axon terminals
what is the role of the myelin sheath
insulates axons and speeds up the electrical impulse transmission
what is the role of the sensory neurones
- carry nerve impulses to the spinal cord and brain
- brain translates them into sensations
- stopping at spinal cord allows for quick reflex reactions
what is the role of motor neurones
- found in CNS and control muscle movements
- when stimulated they release neurotransmitters that bind to receptors and trigger a response
what is the role of relay neurones
- found between sensory and motor neurones
- found in brain and spinal cord and allow sensory and motor neurones to communicate
