division and differentiation of human cells Flashcards
what is a germline cell
cell that can give rise to gametes
what is a haploid cell
a cell that has only one set of chromosomes
what is a homologous chromosome
matching chromosomes in a diploid cell; each member of a homologous pair has the same genes but may have different alleles
what is a lymphocyte
type of white blood cell involved in a specific immune response
what is meiosis
type of cell division resulting in four haploid gametes
what is mitosis
division of the nucleus of somatic or germline cells, giving two diploid daughter cells
what is a multipotent stem cell
stem cell that has the potential to make almost all cell types found within a particular tissue
what is a phagocyte
a white blood cell that can surround, engulf and digest foreign material and pathogens
what is a pluripotent stem cell
a stem cell that has the potential to make almost all differentiated cell types of the body
what is a red blood cell
blood cell containing haemoglobin, which can carry oxygen in the bloodstream
what is a regulatory signal
a molecular signal that can be received by a cell to modify its activity
what is a secondary tumour
cancer formed from cells transported from a primary tumour
what is a somatic cell
a body cell that divides by mitosis to form more body cells
what is a stem cell
an unspecialised cell that can divide and then differentiate
therapeutic
used as part of a medical therapy
