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RAJ: Building Materials & Construction > Division 3: Concrete > Flashcards

Division 3: Concrete Flashcards

1
Q

One of the oldest manufactured building materials used as a mortar and plaster by early civilizations

A

Lime

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2
Q

The process of mixing quicklime with water is absorbed and heat is energetically evolved

A

Slaking or hydration

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3
Q

This may be used one half hour after being made into a putty

A

Special finishing hydrated lime

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4
Q

A type of lime which will set under water is

A

Hydraulic lime

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5
Q

The densest and hardest gypsum that can be applied with a trowel

A

Keene’s cement

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6
Q

Made by mixing slaked lime with pozzolana which hardened under the water

A

Cement

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7
Q

Who rediscovered hydraulic cement?

A

Smeaton, 1756

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8
Q

Who invented and patented portland cement

A

Aspdin

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9
Q

Obtained by finely pulverizing clinker produced by calcining to incipient fusion an intimate and proportioned mixture of argillaceous and calcareous materials

A

Portland cement

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10
Q

Components of portland cement
Tricalcium silicate 1/2 volume
Dicalcium silicate 1/4
Tricalcium aluminate 1/10 volume

A

Yeha

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11
Q

Each bag of portland cement holds

A

1 cu. ft weighs 94 lbs

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12
Q

Type of portland cement used when early removal of formwork is desired or in cold-weather construction

A

High early strength

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13
Q

Type of portland cement used in construction of massive concrete structures

A

Low heat: sulfate resisting

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14
Q

Quick setting cement

A

Alumina cement

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15
Q

Prepared mixtures of portland cement

A

Masonry cements

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16
Q

Cements made of natural raw materials

A

Natural cements

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17
Q

Type of cement made of lime mortar and pozzolanic material

A

Pozzolanic cement

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18
Q

Type of cement made of lime mortar and pozzolanic material

A

Pozzolanic cement

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19
Q

Storage of cement should be stored in shed with a wood floor raised about __ from the ground

A

12”

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20
Q

Piles should be limited to ___ sacks in height

A

12

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21
Q

The proportioned mixture of cement m, aggregate and water, which when properly proportioned is at first a plastic mass which can be cast or molded into predetermined size or shape

A

Concrete

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22
Q

Good quality concrete is obtained through

A 
Careful selection of mayerial
Correct proportioning
Thorough mixing 
Careful transporting and placing 
Proper curing or protection of the concrete
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23
Q

measuring the consistency of a concrete mix

A

Slump test

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24
Q

The amount of water used per bag of cement

A

Water-cement ratio

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25
Q

Size of slump test metal cone

A

Bottom-8”
Top-4”
Height-12”

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26
Q

Consistency slump of reinforced foundation, walls and footings
Max and min

A

125mm(5”)

50mm(2”)

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27
Q

Consistency slump of plain footings, caissons and substructure walls
Max and min

A

100mm(4”)

25mm(1”)

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28
Q

Consistency slump of slabs, beams, thin reinforced walls & bldg columns
Max and min

A

150mm(6”)

75mm(3”)

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29
Q

The most widely used test for concrete compressive test

A

Compressive test

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30
Q

To test existing concrete structures by drawing out a core cylinder

A

Concrete Core test

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31
Q

The strength of a workable concrete mix depends upon the _______

A

Water-cement ratio

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32
Q

Economy of the mix depends upon the proper proportioning of

A

Fine and course aggregates

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33
Q

Methods of proportioning concrete includes:

A

Proportioning by arbitrary proportions.
By water-ratio and slump test.
By water-ratio, slump and fineness modulus.

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34
Q

Class AA

A

1:1.5:3

For concrete under water;retaining walls

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35
Q

Class A

A

1:2:4

For slabs, beams, columns, arches walls of 4” thk

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36
Q

Class B

A

1:2.5:5

Walls thicker than 4”, footings, steps, reinforced concrete slabs on fill

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37
Q

Class C

A

1:3:6

For plant boxes and non critical structures

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38
Q

Class D

A

1:3.5:7

For mass concrete works

39
Q

Sufficient materials are placed at one time to make a convenient size batch of concrete

A

Batch Mixers

40
Q

The materials are fed constantly and from which the concrete is discharged in a steady steam

A

Continuous mixers

41
Q

The delivery from the mixer to the forms should be fairly continuous and uninterrupted not exceeding ____

42
Q

Concrete should never be allowed to drop freely over ___ for unexposed work and over ___ for exposed work.

A

5ft and 3 ft.

43
Q

Reduction in volume of concrete or mortar or plaster caused by a loss of moisture

A

Drying shrinkage

44
Q

Reduction in volume of concrete prior to its final set, caused by hydration of the cement paste

A

Setting shrinkage

45
Q

Three main factors affecting the hardening

A

Age or time
Temperature
Moisture

46
Q

Used to speed up setting time and to develop earlier strength to reduce length of time for protection.

A

Accelerators

47
Q

Used during very hot weather to slow down the hydration of the cement.

48
Q

Manufactured from such as rosin, beef tallow, stereates, foaming agents(soap).

A

Air-entraining agents

49
Q

Non metallic colored floor hardener

50
Q

Preferred plywood for form construction

A

Phenolic board

51
Q

Most commonly used plastic form

A

Polystyrene and ABS

52
Q

Process of eliminating voids other than entrained air within newly placed concrete and ensuring close contact of the concrete

A

Consolidation

53
Q

Done by the repeated insertions and withdrawals of a flat spade like tool

54
Q

Repeated insertions and withdrawals of a rod

55
Q

Moderately high frequency oscillations of a vibrator

56
Q

Characterized by a low yield, high deformability and moderate viscosity

A

Self consolidating concrete or self-compacting concrete

57
Q

Who conceptualized SCC?

A

Prof. Okamura
1986
Ouchi university, Japan

58
Q

The separation of course aggregates from the mortar or from water from the ingredients of freshly mixed concrete

A

Segregation

59
Q

Separation of an excessively wet or over-vibrated concrete mix

A

Stratification

60
Q

Emergence of excess mixing water on the surface of newly placed concrete

61
Q

Milky deposit containing cement and aggregate fines on the surface of new concrete

62
Q

Voids on a formed concrete surface caused by segregation during placement or by insufficient consolidation

63
Q

Chipping or scaling of a hardened concrete or masonry surface

A

Spalling or scaling

64
Q

Appearance of numerous hairline cracks occuring in the surface of newly hardened concrete as a result of a rapid drying shrinkage

65
Q

Curing period:

Massive footings

66
Q

Curing period:

Cantilever footings

67
Q

Curing period:

Slab footings

68
Q

Curing period:

Massive walls, 30 cm. thk

69
Q

Curing period:

Thin walls less than 30 cm thk

A

2 days additional 1.5 days per meter

70
Q

Curing period:

Columns: ratio of height at least diameter up to 4

A

2 days add 1 day per meter

71
Q

Curing period:

Slab-3 to 7ft. Spans

A

5 days add 1/2 day per ft

72
Q

Curing period:

Slab- over 7 ft. Span

A

7 days add 1 day per ft

73
Q

Curing period:

Beams side

74
Q

Curing period:
Beams and girders
Bottom

A

Up to 14 ft, 14 days add 1 day per ft

75
Q

Curing period:

Spandrel walls

76
Q

Curing period:

Spandrel arches

77
Q

Main arches

78
Q

Curing period:

RC piles and RC post

A

Sides- 3 days

Bottom-14 days

79
Q

The bars may be plain or deformed( with lugs or projections for better bonding to the concrete)

A

Billet-steel bars or rail-steel bars

80
Q

Steel bars size

A

1/8”- 1 1/2” and length 20 or 30 ft

81
Q

Made of cold drawn steel wire widely used for the reinforcement of concrete slabs and floors

A

Wire fabric

82
Q

Fabric consists of a series wires welded together to form a grid pattern.

A

Welder wire fabric/ woven wire fabric

(4”x4”,6x6,8/8) rolls 5 or 6 ft wide,
150,200 and 300 long

83
Q

This is built up of either single or stranded longitudinal wires with cross wires or bond-wires running diagonally across the fabric.

A

Triangle mesh wire fabric

4” on center cross wires 4” or 8” apart

84
Q

Stretched by pressure until the desired opening or forms are obtained. Can be shaped in diamond, crimp, herringbone and Z-rib

A

Expanded mesh

E.g. steelcrete

85
Q

This is a lightweight, expanded structural concrete produced by adding a small amount of metallic aluminum powder to the mixture of portland cement and sand of cinders.

86
Q

This is the mixture of sand and cement deposited under high pneumatic pressure with a machine manufactured under the trade name “cement gun”

87
Q

A portland cement concrete to chich a chemical foam is added to generate gases in the process of deposition

88
Q

This is processed concrete added with lightweight aggregate.

89
Q

Weighing from 25-60 lbs. per cu.ft is well qualified as a lightweight aggregate when dry and well graded.

90
Q

Composed of stable silicates and is inert and thus durable for use as a lightweight aggregate

91
Q

A micaceous mineral which expands on application of heat to as much as 30 times its original volume.

A

Vermiculite

92
Q

Made by treating molten blast furnace slag with controlled quantities of water or steam.

A

Expanded Slag

93
Q

Composed of the ash components of the coal along with the various quantities of unburned or partially burned combustible matter.

RAJ: Building Materials & Construction (4 decks)

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