Diversity of Life II Flashcards
Which plant species has no vascular tissues?
Chlorophytes
Which plant species has unicellular embryos?
Chlorophytes
Gymnosperms
Produce seeds, but no flowers/fruit
Angiosperms
Produce seeds + flowers/fruit
Protostome
Mouth develops before anus
Deuterostome
Anus develops first, mouth second
Genotype frequency = frequency of Aa / ?
total population size
Allele frequency = frequency of A / ?
gene pool size
2 chromosomes of each type in a cell
diploid
one type of each chromosome per cell
haploid (gametes,spores)
Multicellular, diploid plant that grows from the zygote
sporophyte
Sporophytes produce _ by way of _
spores; meiosis
Haploid plant
gametophyte
Gametophytes produce _ by way of _
gametes; mitosis
Exchange between diploid, spore producing phase and haploid, gamete producing phase
alternation of generations
Mosses, land plants, need moist habitats, lack tracheids (specialized tissue for water transport)
nontracheophyte plants
Which generation of nontracheophytes is more common?
gametophyte
Well adapted to terrestrial habitats, vascular, transport systems for water and to conduct nutrients
tracheophytes
Club mosses, have roots, stems & leaves, leaves have only one unbranched vein
lycophytes
Types of tracheophytes
lycophytes, pterophytes, seed-bearing vascular plants (angio & gymnosperms)
Vascular system composed of xylem and phloem, no roots
whisk fern
Pterophytes
ferns
Reproductive structures of ferns
sori
Fern sperm are produced in the
antheridia
Fern sperm must swim to the _, which houses eggs
archegonia
Plant type most adapted to terrestrial habitats
seed plants
Cycad, ginkgo trees, and pine trees are
gymnosperms
2 tissue layers, radial symmetry, salt-water creatures, inner tissue layer is the gastrodermis which has specialized cells for contraction and digestion
cnidarians
Cnidarians include
hydras, jellyfish, & corals
Immbolizing structures of cnidarians
nematocysts
Aquatic, 3-layer perforated sac (epidermis, amoeboid cells, flagella), no tissues, skeletons
poriferans (sponge)
Eumetazoans
all animals besides sponges; have tissue layers and body symmetry
Which animal group has tissues organized into 2 layers and radial body symmetry?
cnidarians
All prostostomes and deuterostomes are
bilateral, with tissues organized into 3 layers
Non-molting protostomes
flatworms, rotifers, annelids, mollusks
Coelems
“tube within a tube” body layout
Acoelemates
no coelem, non-molting; flatworm
Pseudocoelomates
space between layers is not filled with cells, non-molting; rotifers & nematodes (roundworms)
Which organisms molt
anthropods (insects), nematodes (parasitic roundworms)
Identify: exoskeleton made of chitin, molting, coelem, protostomes, segmented bodies, paired & joined appendages, open circulatory systems, contains insects, crabs, spiders, etc.
anthropods
Deuterostomes include
echinoderms (starfish, sea urchins, sand dollars), chordates (sea horses, frogs, turtles, snakes, humans)
Slow-moving or immobile animals living on the sea floor; brainless
echinoderms
Notochords (supportive tissue rod); hollow dorsal nerve tube; pharyngeal arches, pouches, and slits
chordates
Snails, clams, squids, octopuses
mollusks
Which organisms are non-molting
mollusks, annelids, flatworms, rotifers
Which organisms are coelemates
mollusks, annelids, anthropods
Polychaete and oligochaete
annelids
Have stiff bristles called setae
polychaete
No well-developed head and few setae
oligochaete (earthworms)
Foot, visceral mass and mantle
mollusks
