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Diversity of Life > Diversity of Life Extra Credit > Flashcards

Diversity of Life Extra Credit Flashcards

1
Q

Dead

A

no longer alive

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2
Q

Dormant

A

a state of suspended activity. Dormant organisms are alive but inactive.

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3
Q

Evidence

A

information gathered by observation or experimentation

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4
Q

Habitat

A

a place where an organism lives that supports its requirement for being alive

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5
Q

Living

A

the condition of being alive

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6
Q

Nonliving

A

referring to something that has never been alive

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7
Q

Organism

A

an individual living thing such as a plant, animal. fungus, bacterium

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8
Q

Compound Microscope

A

a microscope that uses two lenses (objective and eyepiece lens)

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9
Q

Field of View (FOV)

A

the diameter of the circle of light seen through a microscope

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10
Q

Magnification

A

the amount by which an object is magnified by a lens

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11
Q

Magnify

A

to make something appear larger than it actually is

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12
Q

Power

A

the amount a lens magnifies an object viewed through a microscope

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13
Q

Scale

A

the proportional size of a magnified image compared to the original

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14
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

the production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent

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15
Q

Cell

A

the basic unit of life. All organisms are cells or are made of cells.

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16
Q

Cell Membrane

A

the boundary between a cell and its environment

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17
Q

Cell Structure

A

the boundary between a cell and its environment

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18
Q

Cell Wall

A

a semi grid structure that surrounds cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria

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19
Q

Chlorophyll

A

a green pigment in chloroplasts that captures light energy to make sugars during photosynthesis

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20
Q

Chloroplast

A

an organelle containing Chlorophyll found in plant cells and some protist

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21
Q

Cytoplasm

A

all of the interior of a cell outside the nucleus

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22
Q

Elodea

A

an aquatic plant that grows in freshwater ponds and slow-moving streams

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23
Q

Mitochondrion

A

an organelle that uses aerobic respiration to change glucose into usable energy for the cell. Found only in Eukaryotes

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24
Q

Multicellular Organism

A

an organism made of more than one cell

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25
Q

Nucleus

A

an organelle that contains genetic material and regulates protein production

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26
Q

Organelle

A

a membrane-bound structure inside eukaryotic cells that performs specialized functions

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27
Q

Paramecium

A

a ciliated protist that lives in freshwater and eats other tiny organisms for food

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28
Q

Protist

A

a eukaryotic, usually single-celled organism

29
Q

Single-Celled Organism

A

an organism made of one cell that carries out all the functions of life; also known as a unicellular organism

30
Q

Atom

A

a particle that is the basic building block of matter

31
Q

Archaea

A

a microscopic, single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and organelles. Archaea have different cell walls and cell membranes that bacteria or eukaryotes

32
Q

Bacterium

A

a microscopic, single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and organelles

33
Q

Classification

A

the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics

34
Q

Colony

A

a group of organisms of the same species living together. A bacterial colony is a visible group of bacteria

35
Q

Control

A

an experimental test used to compare results with a test where a variable was changed

36
Q

Culture

A

a growth of organism on a prepared material

37
Q

Decomposer

A

an organism that breaks down dead material and returns nutrients to the soil

38
Q

Domain

A

one group in the most currently accepted biological classification system

39
Q

E. Coli

A

a species of rod-shaped bacteria in the large intestine of humans and other animals

40
Q

Eukaryote

A

an organism made of cells or cells that contain a nucleus and organelles. All cells except bacteria and archaea are eukaryotic

41
Q

Fungus

A

a eukaryotic organism, including molds, mushrooms, and yeast

42
Q

Microorganism

A

an organism so small that a microscope must be used to view it

43
Q

Molecule

A

a particle made of two or more smaller particles held together by chemical bonds

44
Q

Plasmid

A

a circular piece of genetic material

45
Q

Prokaryote

A

a single-celled organism that has no nucleus or organelles. All prokaryotes are bacteria or archaea

46
Q

Spore

A

a reproductive cell that can give rise to a new individual

47
Q

Allele

A

variations of genes that determine traits in organisms; the two corresponding alleles on paired chromosomes constitute a gene

48
Q

Characteristics

A

a trait that helps identify an organism

49
Q

Chromosomes

A

a structure made of coiled DNA that transfers hereditary information to the next generation

50
Q

Cross

A

the transfer of sperm from one plant to the egg of another plant of the same species

51
Q

Dominant

A

a form of a gene that is expressed as the trait when a dominant allele is present

52
Q

DNA

A

a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

53
Q

Feature

A

a structure, characteristic, or behavior of an organism such as eye color, plant height, or timing of migration

54
Q

Filial

A

related to sons and daughters

55
Q

Gene

A

the basic unit of heredity carried by the chromosomes; codes for proteins which determine the traits of an organism

56
Q

Generation

A

offspring that are at the same stage of descent from a common ancestor

57
Q

Genotype

A

an organisms particular genetic makeup

58
Q

Heredity

A

the passing of traits from parent to offspring

59
Q

Heterozygous

A

a gene composed of two identical alleles

60
Q

Homozygous

A

having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes

61
Q

Inheritance

A

the process by which genetic information is passed on from parent to offspring

62
Q

Phenotype

A

the trait produced by the genotype; the expression of genes

63
Q

Population

A

all the individuals of a one kind in a specified area at one time

64
Q

Punnett Square

A

a mathematical model that predicts the probability of possible genotypes and phenotypes resulting from a genetic cross

65
Q

Recessive

A

a form of gene that is only expressed when a dominant allele is not present

66
Q

Trait

A

a trait is something that is inherited

67
Q

Variation

A

variation means the range of a trait

68
Q

Virus

A

a microscopic agent that can invade cells of organisms and replicate there

Diversity of Life (1 decks)

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