Diversity of Cells and Their Function- learning outcomes

Question 1

What are the four basic tissue types?

Answer 1

1. Epithelium
2. Connective Tissue
3. Muscle Tissue
4. Nervous Tissue

Each tissue type has distinct functions and structures.

Question 2

What is the primary function of epithelium?

Answer 2

Covers body surfaces and lines cavities, forming protective barriers while aiding in absorption, secretion, and filtration.

Epithelium plays a crucial role in protecting underlying tissues.

Question 3

List the types of connective tissue.

Answer 3

• Loose
• Dense
• Cartilage
• Bone
• Blood

Each type serves structural and supportive roles in the body.

Question 4

What is the main function of muscle tissue?

Answer 4

Facilitates movement through contraction.

Muscle tissue is essential for voluntary and involuntary movements.

Question 5

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 5

• Skeletal Muscle
• Cardiac Muscle
• Smooth Muscle

Each type has distinct structures and functions.

Question 6

What distinguishes skeletal muscle?

Answer 6

Striated and voluntary, attached to bones enabling movement.

Skeletal muscle is under conscious control.

Question 7

Describe cardiac muscle.

Answer 7

Striated and involuntary, found in the heart, responsible for pumping blood.

Cardiac muscle is unique for its rhythmic contractions.

Question 8

What characterizes smooth muscle?

Answer 8

Non-striated and involuntary, found in walls of hollow organs.

Smooth muscle helps move substances within organs.

Question 9

What are the three major cell shapes in covering epithelia?

Answer 9

• Squamous
• Cuboidal
• Columnar

Each shape relates to specific functions in absorption, secretion, and diffusion.

Question 10

What is simple epithelium?

Answer 10

A single cell layer, ideal for areas of diffusion and absorption.

Simple epithelium allows for efficient exchange of materials.

Question 11

Define stratified epithelium.

Answer 11

Multiple cell layers, providing protection in high-abrasion areas.

Stratified epithelium is found in areas such as the skin.

Question 12

What are the components of nervous tissue?

Answer 12

• Neurons
• Glial Cells

Neurons transmit signals, while glial cells support and protect neurons.

Question 13

What is the function of neurons?

Answer 13

Generate and transmit electrical signals for communication within the nervous system.

Neurons are essential for all nervous system activities.

Question 14

What is the role of glial cells?

Answer 14

Supportive cells that nourish, protect, and maintain the environment around neurons.

Glial cells play a vital role in nervous system function and repair.

Question 15

What distinguishes loose connective tissue?

Answer 15

Contains fewer fibers and more ground substance, providing support and flexibility.

Examples include areolar, adipose, and reticular tissue.

Question 16

What characterizes dense connective tissue?

Answer 16

High fiber content, primarily collagen, offering strength and resistance to tension.

Examples include tendons and ligaments.

Question 17

What is cartilage?

Answer 17

Firm, flexible tissue with collagen and elastin fibers in a dense ground substance.

Cartilage provides cushioning and structure in joints.

Question 18

What is unique about bone tissue?

Answer 18

Rigid connective tissue with a calcified ground substance, supporting and protecting body structures.

Bone is crucial for structural integrity and mineral storage.

Question 19

Describe blood as a connective tissue.

Answer 19

Fluid connective tissue with a liquid ground substance (plasma) that transports cells and nutrients.

Blood is vital for transportation and immune functions.