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+ CPSC 100 > Diversity - NOT ON EXAM > Flashcards

Diversity - NOT ON EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

What are some underrepresented groups in computer science?

A
  • gender
  • ethnic/racial
  • LGBTQ+
  • disabilities
  • indigenous
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2
Q

How is racial/ethnic diversity in CS changing over time?

A

rising over time, but very slowly

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3
Q

Unlike female students, Black and Hispanic/Latinx students represent roughly the same proportion of computer science degrees as they do of all bachelor’s degrees.

Why is this misleading?

A
  • Black and Hispanic/Latinx students earn bachelor’s degrees at lower rate relative to their % in overall population
  • students from underrepresented minority groups are more likely to get degrees from for-profit institutions
  • completion rates in CS for Black and Native American students have declined in current surge
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4
Q

How has the % of women in CS changed?

A

has decreased dramatically from its all time high

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5
Q

How has the % of racial/ethnic underrepresented minorities in CS changed?

A

has increased, but not enough to keep up with overall demographic shifts

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6
Q

Why does diversity in CS matter? (4)

A
  • accountability and bias
  • applications in other fields
  • innovation
  • service
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7
Q

Why Diversity Matters: Accountability and Bias

Why is this important?

A

more diverse voices in the room = more diverse opinions

  • need for breadth of ideas and cognitive diversity
  • different ideas come from different people with different perspectives
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8
Q

Why Diversity Matters: Applications in Other Fields

Why is this important?

A

CS is increasingly being used in different fields

  • has been historically excluded from fields
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9
Q

Why Diversity Matters: Innovation

Why is this important?

A

unique ideas are being ignored

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10
Q

Why Diversity Matters: Services for Everyone

Why is this important?

A

for us, by us (FUBU)

tools are designed based on intentions and needs of designers

  • diverse voices elevate opinions and thoughts that may not be present among the majority
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11
Q

Why Diversity Matters: Accountability and Bias

What highlights the importance of diversity?

A

increased use of algorithms by law enforcement agencies, judicial systems and governments

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12
Q

Why Diversity Matters: Applications in Other Fields

A
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13
Q

What are the theories as to why there is a lack of diversity in CS?

A
  • socialization
  • feeling of belonging
  • over-enrolment pressures
  • bias
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14
Q

Theory 1: Socialization

AP Exams

A
  • more males take the exam
  • more white people take the exam
  • more white people pass the exam
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15
Q

Theory 1: Socialization

Boys vs. Girls – Comfort in Computer-related Tasks

A

communicators

  • girls are more comfortable
  • least likely to like CS

techies

  • boys are more comfortable
  • most likely to like CS

creators

  • boys are more comfortable
  • somewhat in the middle of liking CS
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16
Q

Theory 2: Feeling of Belonging

What is a frequent factor that deter some students from seeing themselves in the CS field?

A
  • stereotypical images

- archetypal view of computing as predominately white, male, cis-gender

17
Q

Theory 2: Feeling of Belonging

What is imposter syndrome?

A

feeling that you’re not as good as people think you are – feeling that you’re fake

18
Q

Theory 2: Feeling of Belonging

Confidence in Ability to Write Computer Programs

A
  • students with high math ACT scores – males (both CS and non-CS majors) are more confident
  • students with low math ACT scores – males (both CS and non-CS majors) are more confident
  • high-scoring female CS students vs. low-scoring male non-CS students – high-scoring females are still not that confident
19
Q

Theory 3: Over-enrolment Pressures

How has CS degree enrolment changed over time?

A

rate of growth has varied over time, with two notable large declines – one beginning in 1985 and another beginning in 2005

20
Q

Theory 3: Over-enrolment Pressures

What are the dangers of enrolment limitation?

A
  • declines in % of degrees awarded to women follow periods of enrolment limitation, and never recover (this is hard to tease apart for other underrepresented groups) –although evidence is not sufficient to establish causality, correlation is strong enough to be of significant concern
  • first CS courses are used as ‘weeding’ courses
21
Q

Theory 3: Over-enrolment Pressures

How does less experience with computing affect enrolment?

A
  • women and other unrepresented groups tend to have less experience with computing and to take introductory computer science courses later in university
  • limitation strategies that privilege prior experience or early entry therefore screen out higher proportion of women and other unrepresented groups
  • results in admission decisions that are advantageous to those who have been exposed earlier
22
Q

Theory 4: Bias

What is conscious bias?

A

when you’re biased, and you know it (and you’re generally not sorry)

23
Q

Theory 4: Bias

What is unconscious bias?

A

when you’re biased, and you may not know it (and if you do, you’re sorry)

you may even be biased against what you believe

24
Q

Theory 4: Bias

Does bias exist in how we think about ourselves?

A

yes

ie. women are less likely to cite their own work and be proud of themselves

25
Q

What is a non-viable theory as to why there is a lack of diversity in CS?

A

distribution of preferences and abilities of men and women differ in part due to biological causes, and these differences may explain why we don’t see equal representation of women in tech and leadership

26
Q

What is at least one thing covered in class that we would expect to be different if the non-viable theory were true?

A
  • women wouldn’t do well in classes
  • should not see any women at all in CS
  • would extend to other STEM fields – would not see increase in women in these fields
27
Q

What are two things that we would expect not to see if Damore is right and women are biologically uninterested in science?

A
28
Q

Theory 1: Socialization

What do childhood gender norms do?

A

impact confidence level and choices in high school

29
Q

How has the % of women and minorities taking AP CS exams been changing?

A

increasing

  • women: more than doubled since 2017
  • Black/African American students and Hispanic/Latinx students: doubled since 2017
30
Q

What is the Annenberg Inclusion Initiative?

A

increase representations of women and minorities in computer science roles in movies and TV shows to combat stereotypical CS archetypes

31
Q

How has the enrolment of women in Computer Science differed from other degrees over the past 40 years?

A

number of women in Computer Science peaked in 1980s, and has declined since then –current trend seems to indicate that it is on a slow rise

other degrees have seen an increase in female enrolment

32
Q

Give two theories that could point to why there are fewer women than men in computer science.

A
  • most women in CS are introduced to CS by someone in their life involved in STEM – not every woman has that opportunity
  • young girls are influenced to behave in certain ways, and be interested in certain things
33
Q

Give two reasons as to why diversity in computer science is important.

A

allows for:

  • inventions that suit needs of different minorities
  • designs that better suit every individual and can help avoid consequences of poor design
  • companies to reach out to more potential customers and recruit more talent

+ CPSC 100 (9 decks)

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