Diversity Flashcards
Define culture.
A learned set of shared interpretations (about beliefs, values, and norms) which affect the behaviors of a relatively large group of people
Define co-culture.
A group of people who coexist within the mainstream society, yet remain connected to one another through a common cultural heritage
What are 3 layers of diversity?
- Personality (deepest)
- Internal dimensions (eg, ethnicity, age, physical or mental ability)
- External dimensions (eg. marital status educational background, political orientation)
What do we call “a belief that your ethnic group is superior to others”?
Ethnocentrism
What do we call “actions that exclude certain people from opportunities granted to others.”
Discrimination
Define stereoyping.
Generalizations about a group of people that oversimplify their characteristics
What is prejudice?
Negative attitudes and beliefs about others based on stereotypes, or faulty or inflexible beliefs.
What are the Geert Hofstede cultural dimensions?
- Individualism and collectivism
- Power distance
- Uncertainty Avoidance
- Masculine and Feminine Values
[Geert geared IN, POWERFULLY at a DISTANCE to AVOID MASsive FEes.]
What are the Edward T. Hall Cultural Dimensions?
- Context, high and low
- Monochronic and Polychronic Time
[In the HALL, Edward TEXTed POLY because he’s CHRONICally short on TIME.]
Explain Individualism vs Collectivism.
Individualism: emphasized independence and individual achievement.
Collectivism: “We” is more important than “I”
Explain Power Distance.
Refers to physical and psychological distance between those who have power and those who do not.
High power distance: not all people are created equal.
Low power distance: power distinctions are minimized (eg. democracy)
Explain uncertainty avoidance.
High uncertainty avoidance: uncomfortable in unstructured and unpredictable situations, “what is different is dangerous”; prefers rules and routine
Low uncertainty avoidance: Comfortable with ambiguity, “what is different is interesting”, can work independently without supervision
Explain Masculine-Feminine value societies.
Masculine: Men are assertive, tough ambitious; women are modest, tender, focused on quality of life
Feminine: gender roles overlap
What dimension does “meaning being communicated through nonverbal behaviour and the nature of relationships” vs. “meaning is expressed primarily through direct language”
High context vs low context
Which dimension encompasses (A) “events being scheduled, time and deadlines are valuable” vs (B) “schedules and deadlines are not that important, interruptions are tolerated”?
(a) Monochronic (scheduled) and (b) Polychronic Time (unscheduled)
