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Diversity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Aristotle classification?

A

According to aristotle, animal are classified whether they lived on land,in water or in air

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2
Q

What is diversity?

A

It refers to the various organisms living in the same ecosystem.

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3
Q

What are the basis of classification

A

Complexity of cell
unicellular or multicellular
mode of nutrition
body design

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4
Q

What is evolution?

A

It is the transformation of organisms from simpler organisms to complex organisms Or from primitive to advanced

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5
Q

Name the famous book written by Charles Darwin

A

Origin of species in 1859

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6
Q

Who wrote origin of species

A

Charles Darwin

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7
Q

In which year origin of species was written

A

In year 1859

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8
Q

Who gave the five kingdom classification

A

Robert Whitaker

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9
Q

Name the kingdom is given by Robert Whitaker

A 
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
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10
Q

Which scientist further divided Kingdom monera

A

Carl woese

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11
Q

What were the further subdivisions of kingdom Monera

A

Archaebacteria

Eubacteria

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12
Q

State the order of hierarchy of classification

A 
Kingdom
 phylum/division
 class 
order
 family 
genus 
species
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13
Q

Is Monera are eukaryotic or prokaryotic

A

It is prokaryotic

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14
Q

Is Monera Unnicellur or multicellular

A

It is unicellular

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15
Q

Monera does not have defined – and –

A

Nucleus and organelles

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16
Q

What is the mode of nutrition of monera

A

It is either autotrophic or heterotrophic

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17
Q

Which organisms show autotrophic mode of nutrition

A

The organisms which are capable of producing their own food

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18
Q

Who are heterotrophic organisms

A

Organisms that are in capable of producing their own food

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19
Q

State characteristics of monera

A

unicellular
prokaryotic
Do not have defined nucleus and organelles
mode of nutrition-autotrophic or heterotrophic examples-Cynobacteria,mycoplasma,bacteria

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20
Q

Mycoplasma is a part of which kingdom

A

Monera

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21
Q

Anaebaena Is a part of which kingdom

A

Monera

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22
Q

State the unicellular and prokaryotic kingdom

A

Monera

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23
Q

State the characteristics of kingdom protista

A

Unnicellular
Eukaryotic
Locomotion showed by Cilia or flagella
Mode of nutrition- autotrophic or heterotrophic
Examples- euglena, algae, paramecium, amoeba, protozoans.

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24
Q

The organisms which are unicellular and eukaryotic can be a part of which kingdom

A

Protista

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25
Euglena can be included in which kingdom
Protista
26
State the characteristics of fungi kingdom
Eukaryotic multi cellular cell wall is made up of chitin Mood of nutrition could be saprophytic,parasitic or symbiotic Examples- agaricus, pennicilum, yeast(saccharomyces).
27
Organisms of which kingdom have their cell wall is made up of Chitin
Fungi
28
In all three mode of nutrition shown by kingdom fungi
Saprophytic Parasitic Symbiotic
29
Who are Saprotrophs
Sprotrophs are there organisms which show saprophytic mode of nutrition.they feed on dead and decaying matters
30
What is sumbiotic mode of nutrition
In this, organisms are in a permanent mutually dependent realationship
31
Which species show symbiotic mode of nutrition
Lichens- fungi and cyanobacteria
32
What is the scientific name of yeast
Saccharomyces
33
Which organism has its scientific name as saccharomyces
Yeast
34
What are the characteristics of kingdom Plantae
Multi cellular eukaryotic with cell walls mode of nutrition autotrophic
35
On what basis where is classification amongst kingdom Plantae
1) Whether the plant body has well differentiated body parts 2) whether the differentiated plant body has specialised tissue for transportation 3)ability to bear seeds and whether the seeds are enclosed within fruits.
36
What are the divisions of kingdom Plantae
``` Thallophtya Bryophyta Pteridophyta Gymnosperm Angiosperm ```
37
Characteristics of thallophyta
Do not have well differentiated body design Commonly called- ALGAE Their habitat is aquatic Ex- ulothrix, chara, ulva, spirogyra,cladophora
38
Ulothrix can be Included in which division of plantae
Thallophyta
39
Who are commonly called Algae
Thallophytes
40
Chara I’ll be included in which division of Plantae
Thallophyta
41
Bryophytes are can also be called as-
Amphibians of the plant kingdom
42
Who Are commonly called amphibians of the plant kingdom
Bryophytes
43
Examples for bryophytes
Funeria Ricca Marchantia
44
What is different in Pteridophyta comparatively to thallophytes and bryophytes
Pteridophyta have a specialised tissue for conduction of water and other substances
45
Who are cryptogams
To gallons are the organisms which have reproductive organs hidden
46
Divisions could be included in cryptograms
Pteridophytes bryophytes Thallophytes
47
Who are the phanerogams
Dance with well differentiated reproductive parts these make seeds.
48
Division of kingdom Plantae can be considered as phanerogams
angiosperm | Gymnosperms
49
Meaning of gymno
Naked
50
Meaning of angio
Covered
51
Meaning of sperma
Seed
52
Characteristics of gymnosperms
Perennial ever Green Woody
53
Examples for gymnosperm
Pinus | Cycus
54
Characteristics of angiosperm
Seed develop inside ovary Plant embryos in seeds have structures called- COTOLEDONS Further division- monocotyledonous or monocots(single seed) Cotyledenous or dicots(two seeds)
55
Name all phylums of animalia
``` Porifera Coelentrata Platyhelminthes Nematoda Annelida Arthropoda Mollusca Echinodermata Protochorda Vertebrata ```
56
What are the characteristics of porifera?
* non-motile * attached to a solid support- SUBSTRATUM * holes all over the body * these pores are called OSTIA * outside layer is called SKELETON * minimal differentiation * commonly called- SPONGES * marine habitat * diploblastic * cell wall- CaCO3, silica * ex- spongilla, sycon, euplectella
57
What is the solid support to which poriferans are attached to is called?
Substratum
58
Habitat of poriferans?
Aquatic habitat
59
Characteristics for Animalia?
``` Eukaryotic Multicellular Mode of nutrition- heterotrophic No cell walls Further classification is done on the basis of body design ```
60
What are poriferans also called as?
Sponges
61
State characterstics for coelentrata.
``` Habitat- aquatic Diploblastic Acoelomate Sone live in colonies while other live as a solitary like-span. Radially symmetrical Ex-hydra, jellyfish, anemones ```
62
Which two embryonic germ layers are present in diploblastic organisms?
Ectoderm | Endoderm
63
What seperates ectoderm and endoderm?
Mesolgea
64
State characteristics of Platyhelminthes
``` Bilaterally symmetrical Triplobpastic Acoelomate Have hooks and suckers to stick their host For excretion- solenocytes (flame cells) Body is flattened DORSOVENTRALLY Also known as- FLAT WORMS Ex- planaria, liverflukes, tapeworn ```
65
Who are also known as flatworns?
Platyhelminthes
66
State characteristics of nematodes
``` Triploblastic Pseudocoelomate bilaterally symmetrical cylindrical in shape mode of nutrition - parasitic Ex- ascaris, wuchereria, enterobius ```
67
Which worms cause elephatiasis?
Filarial worms
68
When can roundworm or pinworm be found?
Intestines of human
69
State characteristics of annelida
``` Bilaterally Symmetrical triploblastic body segmented Coelomate Habitat- fresh water, marine water and lands. Ex- earthworm, leech, nereis ```
70
State characteristics of arthropods
``` Triploblastic segmented body biliterally symmetrical largest group of animals open circulatory system Coelomate Excretory organs- malghigian tubulesand green glands Ex- house fly, butterfly, spider, prawn, cockroach ```
71
Which is the largest group of Animalia
Arthropoda
72
State characterstics of mollusca
``` Bilaterally symmetrical Triploblastic Little segmentation open circulatory system second largest group of animals Coelomate kidney like organ for excretion METANEPHRIDIA Ex- octopus, pila, chitton ```
73
What is the excretory organ for mollusca?
Metanephridia
74
Which phylum is the second largest group of animalia?
Mollusca
75
State characterstics of echinodermata
``` Triploblastic Coelomate Radially symmetrical Skeleton made up of calcium carbonate Free living Habitat:- marine Ex- sea urchins, sea stars, feather star. Sea cucumber ```
76
Meaning of echinodermata
Echino- spiny | Derm- skin
77
State charactestics for protochordata
``` Bilaterally stmmetrical Triploblastic Notochord - dorsal supporting rod running along the back. Habitat- marine Ex- herdmania, balanoglossus ```
78
Balanoglossus is in which phylum
Protochorda
79
State characteristics of vertebrata
``` The notochord changes to vertebral column. Bilaterally symmetrical Triploblastic Coelomate Have paired gill pouches ```
80
What are the super phylum of vertebrate
Agnatha | Gnathostomata
81
Difference between agnatha and gnathostomata
Agnatha- vertebrates not having jaws ex- cyclostomata Gnathostomata- vertebrates having jaws. Ex- pisces and terapoda( aves, amphibian, mammalia, reptilia)
82
State characteristics of cyclostomata
``` Jawless Ecto parasitic Circular mouth Eel like body Ex- lamprey, hagfish ```
83
Which classes of vertabrata are tetrapoda ?
Aves Amphibian Reptilia Mammalia
84
State characterstics of pisces
``` Have gills for respiration 2 chambers in heart Cold blooded Exoskeleton- scales Oviparous Streamlined body Have find Muscular tail for movement Ex- lion fish, dog fish, string ray ```
85
State characterstics of amphibians
``` Gills and lungs for respiration 3 chambers in heart Cold blooded Oviparous Ex- frog, salamander, toad ```
86
State characterstics for reptilia
``` Lungs for respiration 3 chambers (4 in crocodile) Cold blooded Scales as exoskeleton Oviparous Ex- king cobra, flying lizard, turtle ```
87
State characterstics of aves
``` Lungs as reproduction 4 chambered heart Warm blood Exoskeleton- feathers Oviparous Streamlined Modification for flight Hollow bones Ex- crow, pigeon, sparrow ```
88
State characterstics of mammalia
``` Lungs 4 chambered heart Warm blooded Exoskeleton- fur/ hair Viviparous (echidna, platypus-oviparous) Mammary glands(female) Oil, sweat glands Ex- rat, bat, cat, human ```
89
Hagfish is a part of which class?
Cyclostomata
90
Which class has modification for flight
Aves

Biology (2 decks)

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