Diversity 2/3 Flashcards
Main trait for Animalia classification
Presence or absence of vertebral column or backbone.
Main trait for invertebrata classification
Presence or absence of coelom or body cavity.
PORIFERA
Porifera means organisms with holes Canal system Exoskeleton 'Sponges' Marine Sessile/Sedentary attached to solid support Very minimal differentiation into tissues Eg- Sycon, Spongilla, Euplectelea
COELENTERATA
Non-motile (except jellyfish and hydra) More body differentiation than sponges Aquatic Diploblastic (epic and gastro) Some in colonies (corals) and some are solitary 'Cnidaria' Eg- Hydra, Sea Anemone, Jellyfish
PLATYHELMINTHES
'Flatworms' Bilaterally symmetrical and dorsiventrally flattened Inside and outside body linings and some organs Some degree of tissue differentiation Triploblastic (endo, ecto, meso) No coelom Free living or parasitic Eg- Tape worm, liver fluke, planaria
ASCHELMINTHES
'Nematoda' Bilaterally symmetrical Cylindrical Triploblastic Pseudo Coelom Few tissues but no organs Parasitic (diseases like elephantiasis) Eg- Ascaris and Filarial worm
ANNELIDA
B Sym. Triplo True coelom Differentiated into organs Segmented body Bisexual (hermaphrodites) Freshwater, marine, and land Eg- earthworm, leeches
ARTHROPODA
Arthro(jointed)poda(legs) Largest group of Animalia B. Sym, triplo, coelomate, segmented Open circulatory system, coelom filled w/ blood Eg- Spiders, butterflies, prawns
MOLLUSCS
B. Sym. Reduced coelom Little segmentation Open circ. System Kidney-like organs for excretion Hard and calcareous exoskeleton(shell) Soft body inside shell w/ foot for locomotion (except octopus) Eg- Snail, oyster, chiton
ECHINODERMATA
Echino(hedgehog)dermata(skin) Triplo. Coelomates Exclusively marine Few are radially Sym. (Starfish) Water driven tube system Calcareous deposits under skin CaCo3 structures as skeleton Numerous tube feet for locomotion Eg- feather star, sea cucumber, starfish
PROTOCHORDATA
Rod-like supporting structure (notochord) for muscles to attach for easy movements
B. Sym., triplo, true coelom
Notochord separates main nerve from alimentary canal
Marine
Eg- amphioxus, , herdmania
Features of all chordates
Notochord Dorsal nerve chord Triploblastic Paired till pouches Coelomates
Class Pisces
All fishes (cartilaginous and bony) Scales/plates Streamlined body w/ fins Gills for respiration Cold-blooded Oviparous 2 chambered heart Cartilaginous- shark Eg- Catla, Rohu
Class Amphibia
Cold blooded Oviparous Land and water Skin has mucus gland Respiration through gills in tadpole stage and lungs in adult 3 chambered heart Eg- salamander, toad, hyla
Class Aves
Warm-blooded, Ovi Feather covered Hollow bones Streamlined Forelimbs are wings and hind legs are legs Eg- crow, parrot
Class Reptilia
Cold Blooded
Oviparous with tough covered eggs and no need water for this
3 chambered heart, 4 for crocs
2 Pairs of limbs and limbs may be absent in some
Dry skin with scales, shields, played or scutes (tortoise)
Lungs
Eg- snake, croc, turtle
Class Mammalia
Warm blooded Viviparous Skin has hair or fur and glands Females have mammary glands Respiration through lungs Eg- humans, monkeys
