Diversity 2/3

Question 1

Main trait for Animalia classification

Answer 1

Presence or absence of vertebral column or backbone.

Question 2

Main trait for invertebrata classification

Answer 2

Presence or absence of coelom or body cavity.

Question 3

PORIFERA

Answer 3

Porifera means organisms with holes
Canal system
Exoskeleton
'Sponges'
Marine
Sessile/Sedentary attached to solid support
Very minimal differentiation into tissues
Eg- Sycon, Spongilla, Euplectelea

Question 4

COELENTERATA

Answer 4

Non-motile (except jellyfish and hydra)
More body differentiation than sponges
Aquatic
Diploblastic (epic and gastro)
Some in colonies (corals) and some are solitary
'Cnidaria'
Eg- Hydra, Sea Anemone, Jellyfish

Question 5

PLATYHELMINTHES

Answer 5

'Flatworms'
Bilaterally symmetrical and dorsiventrally flattened
Inside and outside body linings and some organs
Some degree of tissue differentiation
Triploblastic (endo, ecto, meso)
No coelom
Free living or parasitic
Eg- Tape worm, liver fluke, planaria

Question 6

ASCHELMINTHES

Answer 6

'Nematoda'
Bilaterally symmetrical
Cylindrical
Triploblastic
Pseudo Coelom
Few tissues but no organs
Parasitic (diseases like elephantiasis)
Eg- Ascaris and Filarial worm

Question 7

ANNELIDA

Answer 7

B Sym.
Triplo
True coelom
Differentiated into organs
Segmented body
Bisexual (hermaphrodites)
Freshwater, marine, and land
Eg- earthworm, leeches

Question 8

ARTHROPODA

Answer 8

Arthro(jointed)poda(legs)
Largest group of Animalia
B. Sym, triplo, coelomate, segmented
Open circulatory system, coelom filled w/ blood
Eg- Spiders, butterflies, prawns

Question 9

MOLLUSCS

Answer 9

B. Sym.
Reduced coelom
Little segmentation
Open circ. System
Kidney-like organs for excretion
Hard and calcareous exoskeleton(shell)
Soft body inside shell w/ foot for locomotion (except octopus)
Eg- Snail, oyster, chiton

Question 10

ECHINODERMATA

Answer 10

Echino(hedgehog)dermata(skin)
Triplo.
Coelomates
Exclusively marine
Few are radially Sym. (Starfish)
Water driven tube system
Calcareous deposits under skin
CaCo3 structures as skeleton
Numerous tube feet for locomotion
Eg- feather star, sea cucumber, starfish

Question 11

PROTOCHORDATA

Answer 11

Rod-like supporting structure (notochord) for muscles to attach for easy movements
B. Sym., triplo, true coelom
Notochord separates main nerve from alimentary canal
Marine
Eg- amphioxus, , herdmania

Question 12

Features of all chordates

Answer 12

Notochord
Dorsal nerve chord
Triploblastic
Paired till pouches
Coelomates

Question 13

Class Pisces

Answer 13

All fishes (cartilaginous and bony)
Scales/plates
Streamlined body w/ fins
Gills for respiration
Cold-blooded
Oviparous
2 chambered heart
Cartilaginous- shark
Eg- Catla, Rohu

Question 14

Class Amphibia

Answer 14

Cold blooded
Oviparous
Land and water
Skin has mucus gland
Respiration through gills in tadpole stage and lungs in adult
3 chambered heart
Eg- salamander, toad, hyla

Question 15

Class Aves

Answer 15

Warm-blooded, Ovi
Feather covered
Hollow bones
Streamlined
Forelimbs are wings and hind legs are legs
Eg- crow, parrot

Question 15

Class Reptilia

Answer 15

Cold Blooded
Oviparous with tough covered eggs and no need water for this
3 chambered heart, 4 for crocs
2 Pairs of limbs and limbs may be absent in some
Dry skin with scales, shields, played or scutes (tortoise)
Lungs
Eg- snake, croc, turtle

Question 16

Class Mammalia

Answer 16

Warm blooded
Viviparous
Skin has hair or fur and glands
Females have mammary glands
Respiration through lungs
Eg- humans, monkeys