diverse places definitions

Question 1

What is population density?

Answer 1

Total number of people per km2

Question 2

What can population density be affected by?

Answer 2

• healthcare
• Topography
• Education
• Government
• Climate
• Income
• Resources
• Job availability
• Conflict
• Birth and death rates

Question 3

What is the rural urban continuum?

Answer 3

a concept that describes the change in population density from rural to urban
CBD -> INNER CITY -> SUBURBS -> OUTER SUBURBS -> RURAL URBAN FRINGE -> ACCESSIBLE RURAL -> REMOTE RURAL

Question 4

What is the population density of the CBD?

Answer 4

low population density as residents are out priced by commercial

Question 5

What is the population density of the inner city?

Answer 5

High density housing due to proximity to CBD

Question 6

what is population density of the suburbs?

Answer 6

Lower density housing

Question 7

What is the population density of accessible and remote rural?

Answer 7

Low population density

Question 8

What is population structure?

Answer 8

Age and sex of population of a particular area

Question 9

What are inputs to population structure?

Answer 9

Births and immigration

Question 10

What are outputs of population structure?

Answer 10

Deaths and emigration

Question 11

What is natural change?

Answer 11

Balance between births and deaths in a population

Question 12

What is net migration?

Answer 12

Balance between emigration and immigration

Question 13

What is the demographic transition model?

Answer 13

A model describing a sequence of changes in birth and death rate, suggests all countries pass through similar stages. Based on changes in industrialised countries. (Very assumptive, different speeds of birth rate decline)

Question 14

What are population characteristics?

Answer 14

Ethnicity, socioeconomic status, occupation, age, gender of the population

Question 15

What is clustering?

Answer 15

A preference for living with people of a similar background (leading to ‘clusters’ of these groups)

Question 16

What can clustering lead to?

Answer 16

ethnic enclaves (neighbourhoods with members of one minority ethnicity) which is the result of both external and internal factors

Question 17

What are the internal factors that lead to ethnic enclaves?

Answer 17

• support from people speaking their own language
• Social specialist shops and restaurants
• Common places of worship
• Presence of relatives and friends
• Sense of belonging and security

Question 18

What are the external factors that lead to ethnic enclaves?

Answer 18

• migration of existing majority out of area
• Racism and hostility from majority population
• Discrimination by sellers and landlords
• Discrimination in job market (likely to be unemployed, forced into check housing areas)

Question 19

What is segregation?

Answer 19

Separation of different wealth, cultures, or nationalities

Question 20

What is a sense of place?

Answer 20

Location + meaning

Question 21

What are ways to investigate sense of place?

Answer 21

• work frequency sampling (sample of text and create graphical representation of work frequency, identifies key features but depends of relevancy of text)
• Social media (viewing posts for different areas, to pick out key points, as east to access and usually honest view, but very biased, opinionated, and possibly relevant)
• Census (updated every decade so comparable, wide range of data, but not all counted, and self reporting may lead to inaccuracies)
• Media (painting, photos) : good insight, points of interest, shows change over time, but varied views, low temporal validity

Question 22

What is urbanisation?

Answer 22

Process in which people from rural areas migrate to urban areas increasing the cities population

Question 23

What is counter urbanisation?

Answer 23

Movement of people away from cities to villages and countryside

Question 24

What is re-urbanisation?

Answer 24

Movement of people back to central area after period of decline

Question 25

What is suburbanisation?

Answer 25

Movement of people services away from e centre into suburbs

Question 26

Why is the population of rural areas increasing?

Answer 26

Due to positive perceptions of rural spaces, leading to the process of counter urbanisation largest driven by the “rural idyll”

Question 27

What are the impacts of ethnic segregation?

Answer 27

• high deprivation level, as migrants find it hard to get employed and achieve a good income
• more crimes due to racial/tensions
• housing is also of lower standard and is cheaper, the quantity is not as good

Question 28

What are the chalenges presented by ethnic segregation?

Answer 28

Could ignite tensions as groups are separated so opinion forms. It could also widen wealth gap, as there are fewer resources here than the CBD. Limited access to education and further opportunities means less graduates

Question 29

What is regeneration?

Answer 29

Long term improvement to an areas for the existing population

Question 30

What is gentrification?

Answer 30

Long term improvements to an area which attracts new residents

Question 31

What is demographic measure of progress?

Answer 31

Pedestrian/ traffic counts (shows how many people visiting the areas and it’s popularity)

Question 32

What is the index of multiple deprivation?

Answer 32

A measure of deprivation incorporating income, jobs, education, health, crime, services etc
(Can be compared over time)

Question 33

What is a life cycle?

Answer 33

The idea that most people/families/households go through a sequence of change in their lifetime

Question 34

What is management?

Answer 34

Involves planning and implementing a set of actions that facilitates the transition from one situation to another

Question 35

What is cultural erosion?

Answer 35

The loss of a culture, resulting in a change in ideas or disregard for traditions

Question 36

What is disparity?

Answer 36

Inequality/ difference