diverse places definitions Flashcards
What is population density?
Total number of people per km2
What can population density be affected by?
- healthcare
- Topography
- Education
- Government
- Climate
- Income
- Resources
- Job availability
- Conflict
- Birth and death rates
What is the rural urban continuum?
a concept that describes the change in population density from rural to urban
CBD -> INNER CITY -> SUBURBS -> OUTER SUBURBS -> RURAL URBAN FRINGE -> ACCESSIBLE RURAL -> REMOTE RURAL
What is the population density of the CBD?
low population density as residents are out priced by commercial
What is the population density of the inner city?
High density housing due to proximity to CBD
what is population density of the suburbs?
Lower density housing
What is the population density of accessible and remote rural?
Low population density
What is population structure?
Age and sex of population of a particular area
What are inputs to population structure?
Births and immigration
What are outputs of population structure?
Deaths and emigration
What is natural change?
Balance between births and deaths in a population
What is net migration?
Balance between emigration and immigration
What is the demographic transition model?
A model describing a sequence of changes in birth and death rate, suggests all countries pass through similar stages. Based on changes in industrialised countries. (Very assumptive, different speeds of birth rate decline)
What are population characteristics?
Ethnicity, socioeconomic status, occupation, age, gender of the population
What is clustering?
A preference for living with people of a similar background (leading to ‘clusters’ of these groups)
What can clustering lead to?
ethnic enclaves (neighbourhoods with members of one minority ethnicity) which is the result of both external and internal factors
What are the internal factors that lead to ethnic enclaves?
- support from people speaking their own language
- Social specialist shops and restaurants
- Common places of worship
- Presence of relatives and friends
- Sense of belonging and security
What are the external factors that lead to ethnic enclaves?
- migration of existing majority out of area
- Racism and hostility from majority population
- Discrimination by sellers and landlords
- Discrimination in job market (likely to be unemployed, forced into check housing areas)
What is segregation?
Separation of different wealth, cultures, or nationalities
What is a sense of place?
Location + meaning
What are ways to investigate sense of place?
- work frequency sampling (sample of text and create graphical representation of work frequency, identifies key features but depends of relevancy of text)
- Social media (viewing posts for different areas, to pick out key points, as east to access and usually honest view, but very biased, opinionated, and possibly relevant)
- Census (updated every decade so comparable, wide range of data, but not all counted, and self reporting may lead to inaccuracies)
- Media (painting, photos) : good insight, points of interest, shows change over time, but varied views, low temporal validity
What is urbanisation?
Process in which people from rural areas migrate to urban areas increasing the cities population
What is counter urbanisation?
Movement of people away from cities to villages and countryside
What is re-urbanisation?
Movement of people back to central area after period of decline
