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Diverse Places Flashcards

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1
Q

when did the UK population start to grow rapidly?

A

since 1812 and the industrial revolution

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2
Q

when in the 20th century did the UKs population change decrease?

A

from 1964– the early 1980s

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3
Q

when did population growth spike in the uk?

A

from the early 80s to 2006 when it became relatively level

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4
Q

By how much has the UK’s population increased since 1964?

A

about 10million

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5
Q

when was the period of fastest population growth in the UK?

A

between about 2000 and 2013

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6
Q

What is most of the population change in London caused by?

A

natural change

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7
Q

What causes the most population change in Scotland?

A

migration

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8
Q

In London, what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009?

A

85,000

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9
Q

In London what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009 caused by natural increase?

A

79,000

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10
Q

In London what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009 caused by immigration?

A

7000

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11
Q

In Scotland, what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009?

A

26,000

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12
Q

In Scotland, what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009 cause by ndatural increase?

A

5000

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13
Q

In Scotland, what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009 caused by immigration?

A

21,000

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14
Q

According to the 2016 UK population pyramid, how are birth rates changing?

A

they are decreasing

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15
Q

According to the UK 2016 population pyramid, at what age does the population start to decrease?

A

after 54

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16
Q

What type of population will the UK have in the future as seen in the 2016 UK population pyramid?

A

an ageing population

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17
Q

what factors affect an area’s level of rurality?

A

relief of land\nhistorical factors\nprotected natural land preventing development\ntransport links

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18
Q

Do urban or rural areas in the UK have a older age average?

A

rural areas

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19
Q

Has the UK population natural change been overall positive or negative over the last 50 years?

A

positive

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20
Q

When was the biggest spike in UK birth rates?

A

the mid 60s

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21
Q

What caused higher birth rates in the UK in 2004?

A

Eastern European countries joined the EU causing a spike in immigration and therefore birth rates

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22
Q

How big was the spike in EU immigrants to the UK in 2004?

A

spiked from just over 0 migrants a year to 125,000 in 2007

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23
Q

How did the number of non–EU immigrants to the UK increase from 1995 to 2000?

A

Rose from just under 100,000 in 1995 to over 200,000 in 2000

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24
Q

When was there a huge drop in EU immigrants?

A

after the 2016 brexit vote

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25
Q

How did the immigration rates from the EU to the UK drop in 2016?

A

net migration dropped from about 180,000 in 2016 to 100,000 in about 2017

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26
Q

What part of the UK is growing fastest?

A

the South–East

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27
Q

What parts of the UK are growing slowest?

A

Scotland and Wales

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28
Q

How has Camden’s net migration rate increased?

A

it has increased from around 2000/yr in 2006 to around 6000/year in 2016

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29
Q

how has Camden’s net migration rate decreased?

A

it has fallen from around 5000/year to around 4000/year

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30
Q

Are Camden and Ealing gaining or loosing internal migrants?

A

loosing, although Ealing is loosing them sat twice the rate of Camden

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31
Q

Overall, does Camden have a net migrational gain or loss?

A

gain

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32
Q

Overall, does Ealing have a net migrational gain or loss?

A

loss

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33
Q

What is the model for measuring societies’ development?

A

the demographic transition model

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34
Q

What are the reasons for the high birth rates in stages one and two of the demographic transition model?(4 reasons)

A

religious values promote large families\nchildren required for work\nhigh child mortality rates so high replacement rates\nlack of contraception and family planning

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35
Q

What are the reasons for the falling birth rates in stage 3 of the demographic transition model?(3 reasons)

A

falling infant mortality\nlaws against child labour\nimproved medical care and diet

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36
Q

What are the reasons for the low birth rates in stage 4 and 5 of the demographic transition model?(4 reasons)

A

emancipation and education of women\nmaterialism (wealth over large families)\nlater and fewer marriages\nlots of family planning options

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37
Q

What are the reasons for the high death rates in stage 1 of the demographic transition model? (3 reasons)

A

diseases\nfamines\npoor medical knowledge

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38
Q

what are the reasons for the falling death rates in stage 2 and 3 of the demographic transition model? (4 reasons)

A

improvements in medical care\nbetter sewers\nwater supply and sanitation\nimproved food and supply and education

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39
Q

What are 3 reasons for the slow fall of death rates in stages 4 and 5 of the demographic transition model?

A

medical advances\nbetter food supply\npreventative medicine

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40
Q

What percentage of the population in the City of London is male?

A

65%

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41
Q

What percentage of the population in Highbury West is male?

A

42%

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42
Q

What is social clustering?

A

When people with similar social characteristic live near each other

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43
Q

what percentage of Southall in Ealing are of Indian ethnicity?

A

47.20%

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44
Q

When did the first group of South Asians arrive in Southall?

A

1950

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45
Q

Why did South Asians first Asians arrive in Southall?

A

to work in the R Woolf rubber factory owned by a former British Indian Army officer

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46
Q

What was the housing like for South Asians in Southall in the 50s?

A

cheap, with up to 20 in a room

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47
Q

What allowed all Commonwealth citizens to enter and stay in the UK without restriction?

A

the Commonwealth Immigrants Act of 1962

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48
Q

What evidence is there of South Asian culture in Southall? (5 examples)

A

different languages on signs\nSikh temples\nindian food specialists\nsaree stores\njewellery and textiles and food in retail

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49
Q

What percentage of Chicago has no major ethnicity in the area?

A

only 20%

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50
Q

How much of Chicago is Latino dominated?

A

about 8 areas– over 80%

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51
Q

when did the black ghetto in Chicago begin to form?

A

1920

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52
Q

How many areas in Chicago are black dominated?

A

over half the areas in 2000

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53
Q

What percentage of Southall is Indian?

A

65.30%

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54
Q

What percentage of Southall white English, Welsh, and Irish?

A

4.50%

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55
Q

What percentage of the population is Bangladeshi around West Hampstead and Frognal?

A

0.40%

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56
Q

What can the percentage of the Bangladeshi people reach around St Pancras, Haverstock and Kilburn?

A

20%

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57
Q

Why might there be less Bangladeshi people towards Frognal?

A

because it is more of a jewish area, so social clustering would not encourage Bangladeshi people to move there

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58
Q

What proportion if the population is white british is East Sussex?

A

Over 90% in almost all places and often over 95%

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59
Q

What are other ethnicities are living in East Sussex?

A

very small areas have over 20% Chinese, Indian, or Bangladeshi populaitons

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60
Q

Is East Sussex attractive to migrants?

A

no

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61
Q

What percentage of the population in Southall have lived in the UK for less than 2 years?

A

only 10%

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62
Q

What percentage of Southall have lived in the UK for more than 10 years?

A

39%

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63
Q

What percentage of Camden have not been UK residents for two years?

A

20.60%

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64
Q

What percentage of people in East Sussex were born in the UK?

A

over 90% in most areas, and often over 95%

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65
Q

What is the percentage of men and women and Southall?

A

very equal– 51.4% female and 48.6% male

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66
Q

In Camden, what is the proportion of men to women?

A

very equal

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67
Q

What is the proportion of men and women in East Sussex?

A

there are more areas where the population is over 50% women, than areas where there are over 50% men

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68
Q

What religions are popular in Southall?

A

50.8% Sikh\n23.3% Hindu\n11.2% Christian

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69
Q

What proportion of Camden is Jewish?

A

30% towards Frognal and Fitzjohns\n50% towards Golders Green

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70
Q

What proportion of Camden is Christian?

A

the majority\reaching 60% towards Dollis Hill

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71
Q

What proportion of Camden is Islamic?

A

55% at the South West end Regents Park

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72
Q

What religions are popular in East Sussex?

A

over 60% Christian\nlowest proportion of Christians in the Asian area of Eastbourne\nthe largest proportion of Christians are on the shoreline of Eastbourne– 83.7%\naround 30% say they have no religion

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73
Q

What proportion of people in Southall speak English as their main language?

A

50.40%

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74
Q

What proportion of people speak a South Asian language as their main language in Southall?

A

48.90%

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75
Q

What proportion of people in Camden speak English as their main language?

A

80%, reaches 90% in some areas

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76
Q

What proportion of people in East Sussex speak English as their main language?

A

over 95% in general

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77
Q

What proportion of people in Southall are married?

A

46.80%

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78
Q

How many same sex couples are registered in Southall?

A

none

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79
Q

What proportion of people are married in Camden?

A

60% of people living in a couple in South Hampstead and Golders Green\n70% of people not living in a couple around Kentish town

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80
Q

What proportion of people are married in East Sussex?

A

60% of people live in a couple \nbut in the centre of Eastbourne it is only between 30 and 40%

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81
Q

What was the Common Wealth Immigration Act?

A

in 1962– legislation was passed to restrict the number of immigrants. Applicants now have to have work permits

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82
Q

What was the British Nationality Act?

A

definitions of British nationality were redefined to encourage colonial residents to move to Britain

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83
Q

When did the British Nationality Act take place?

A

1948

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84
Q

What was Windrush?

A

In 1948 the vessel “Empire Windrush” arrived in Britain carrying 492 workers from the Caribbean who had come to assist with Britain’s post–war reconstruction

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85
Q

Between 1948 and 1956 how many Caribbean immigrants had arrived in Britain?

A

just over 40,000

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86
Q

What is the fertility rate in Ealing?

A

1.94 children per woman

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87
Q

What is the fertility rate in Camden?

A

1.24 children per woman

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88
Q

What is happening to the fertility rates in England and Wales overall?

A

they are falling

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89
Q

What does multiculturalism mean according to Lord Parekh, a professor of political philosophy?

A

taken to mean different cultural communities should live their own ways of love in a self–contained manner

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90
Q

What does Sir Bernard Crick say that multiculturalism means?

A

integration is the coexistence of communities and the unimpeded movement between tem, it is not assimilation

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91
Q

What does multiculturalism mean, according to Trevor Phillips, the Head of UK Equality Commission?

A

squeamishness about addressing diversity and its discontent risks allowing our country to sleepwalk to a catastrophe that will set community against community

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92
Q

Why do Asians tend to live in a specific area of Chicago (6 reasons)?

A

close to the CBD\nsocial clustering\nplaces of worship for their religion\nbetter political representation\nself reinforcing– encourages international migration\ncheap housing in city centre

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93
Q

Why do Asians not live in other areas in Chicago?

A

other areas have populations of over 90% of one ethnicity– they would be isolated and vulnerable to gang violence etc.

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94
Q

What is Gilbey House in Camden?

A

a building that changed from a bonded wine warehouse to a TV broadcasting studio for APTV

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95
Q

How is Camden regionally connected?

A

a route to Birmingham and the Port of London

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96
Q

Why is Camden a good place for the transportation of heavy goods?

A

it is a location for interchange between canal and railway

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97
Q

Of which industry was North Camden the European centre?

A

the piano industry

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98
Q

Where can one listen to live music in Camden?

A

Coco\nElectric Ballroom

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99
Q

What happened as a result of bombing in Camden?

A

areas were redeveloped– often into public housing

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100
Q

What evidence is there of a strong Irish community in Camden?

A

an Irish centre on Camden Square\nQuinn’s bar

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101
Q

What evidence is there of a strong Bangladeshi community in Camden?

A

festivals such as Mela 2014

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102
Q

What evidence is there of a strong Somali community in Camden?

A

Camden Somali Cultural Centre Live 2015

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103
Q

What evidence is there of a strong Greek community in Camden?

A

Greek orthodox church\Daphne– Greek restaurant

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104
Q

What evidence is there of a strong French community in Camden?

A

Café Gourmand\nCollege Francais Bilingue de Londres (French school in Kentish Town)\nlargely professional so have driven up house prices

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105
Q

What proportion of 0–14 year olds in Camden are white?

A

49%

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106
Q

What proportion of 65+ year olds in Camden are white?

A

> 80%

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107
Q

How does the proportion of white people in Camden change with age?

A

the younger the population, the lower the proportion of white people

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108
Q

Of the non–white population in Camden, of what ethnicity is the largest percentage?

A

Asian– mainly bengali

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109
Q

How is the Somali population in Camden changing?

A

its growing

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110
Q

What does a sense of place mean?

A

an overarching impression encompassing the general way in which people feel about places. Suggests intimate, personal and emotional relationships between the self and the place

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111
Q

What is an alternative definition for “a sense of place”?

A

what do I know when I am in this place that I can know nowhere else?

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112
Q

How many crimes per 1000 residents were reported in Westminster and the City of London?

A

over July 2012/July 2013, 500+ crimes were reported

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113
Q

How many crimes per 1000 residents were reported in the suburbs of London?

A

over July 2012/July 2013, 100–200 crimes were reported

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114
Q

How is crime changing in the centre of London?

A

it’s getting worse

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115
Q

How are pollution levels changing in the centre of London?

A

As of 2013, NO2 levels are getting worse

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116
Q

How are pollution levels changing in London overall?

A

As of 2013, NO2 levels are getting worse

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117
Q

How are pollution levels changing in the London suburbs?

A

NO2 levels are improving

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118
Q

Where are pollution levels worst in London?

A

on major roads

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119
Q

Where is the highest concentration of social renting found in London?

A

the centre more than the suburbs\nin the East of the city

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120
Q

Where is most green space found in London?

A

in outer london

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121
Q

What are the biggest areas of green space in London?

A

Hyde park, Regents park, the Heath, Lee Valley, Richmond

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122
Q

What words were common in wordclouds showing public perceptions of inner city Camden areas?

A

diverse\nup+ coming\nmulticultural

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123
Q

What words were common in wordclouds showing public perceptions of outer city Camden areas?

A

posh\nexpensive\ngreen

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124
Q

How do the proportions of ethnic minorities in Camden compare to those in London?

A

ethnic minorities are a larger proportion of the population than average in London

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125
Q

Has the layout of buildings and green space in Camden changed?

A

layout of buildings and green space has not changed apart from some development on Haverstock Hill since 1888–1913

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126
Q

When was Camden’s first major railway station built?

A

1840

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127
Q

What type of shops is Kentish Town Road lined with?

A

places to buy food

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128
Q

What is the average life expectancy in Camden?

A

about 80\nbut it goes up 5 years when living closer to Primrose Hill or Hampstead Heath

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129
Q

What has happened to market stalls in Camden Market?

A

there is increased rent for market stall owners causing it to be unprofitable for many to continue selling there

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130
Q

What proportion of houses in Camden have changed owner since 2010?

A

50%

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131
Q

What is the mot popular way of transport in Camden?

A

taking the train or tube

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132
Q

How did Camden vote in 2014?

A

very strongly labour

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133
Q

How deprived is Camden compared to the rest of the country?

A

half the borough is in roughly the three most deprived tenths of the country, while the other half is in roughly the least deprived tenth in the country.

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134
Q

What type housing dominates Southall?

A

mainly Asian terraces and flats– overcrowding more prevalent than in Camden

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135
Q

What could the residents of Southall be defined as?

A

multicultural metropolitans

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136
Q

What are the numbers of children like in Southall?

A

high

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137
Q

What places of worship are most evident in Southall?

A

Sikh and Muslim places of worship

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138
Q

What type of area is Southall?

A

residential

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139
Q

How has Southall been built up?

A

Has been majorly built up since 1888–1913, when it was all fields and woodlands. The gas works has expanded. There is still a park, but most areas have been turned into rows of housing and huge car park.

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140
Q

When did Southall start growing?

A

1910

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141
Q

By when has Southall become pretty built up?

A

1946

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142
Q

What type of shops is the high street in Southall lined with?

A

places to get food

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143
Q

What is access and engagement with the internet like in Southall?

A

very limited, but subscription to broadband TV is higher

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144
Q

What is the average life expectancy in Southall?

A

80

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145
Q

How has the population of Ealing grown?

A

It has grown from 292,800 in 1996 to 343,000 in 2015

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146
Q

What is the proportion of males to females in Ealing?

A

evenly spread

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147
Q

Of which ages does Ealing have a higher proportion than the rest of England?

A

ages 0–9 years and ages 25–44 years

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148
Q

Of which ages does Ealing have a lower proportion than the rest of England?

A

ages 50 and above

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149
Q

What proportion of houses in Ealing have changed owner since 2008?

A

50%

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150
Q

What is the most popular mode of transport in Southall?

A

driving

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151
Q

How did Southall vote in 2014?

A

very strongly labour

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152
Q

How deprived is Southall compared to the rest of the country?

A

it is in the most deprived half of the country

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153
Q

Why did slums grow in Victorian London?

A

rapid population growth and industrialisation

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154
Q

What was East London called in Victorian times?

A

Darkest London– because the most notorious slums were situated there

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155
Q

Of what did upper class Victorians think that the slums were the result?

A

the laziness, sin and vice of the lower classes

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156
Q

What were lodging houses in Victorian London and how many were there?

A

there were over 200 common lodging houses which provided for some 8000 homeless and destitute people per night

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157
Q

what was slumming?

A

it was when upper class people in Victorian London would visit the slums disguised as lower class people

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158
Q

When did slumming become popular?

A

1880s

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159
Q

what was slumming used to promote in Victorian London?

A

welfare programs

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160
Q

What was child work like in Victorian London?

A

children as young as 11 would work in mines, factories, and as servants\nthey worked long hours and were extremely poorly paid

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161
Q

How was the health of the workers and population threatened in Victorian London?

A

by the pollution as everything operated by coal and so released smoke

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162
Q

What were mills like in Victorian London?

A

many orphans would work and stay at mills. They would have no recreation time and would be killed if they fell asleep during their work

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163
Q

What are 2 examples of crusaders against child labour in Victorian London?

A

Sir Robert Peel and Lord Shaftesbury

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164
Q

When did the Metropolitan Line open?

A

1863

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165
Q

What was the life expectancy in Victorian London?

A

around 45

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166
Q

What percentage of people died before the age of 5 in Victorian London?

A

25%

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167
Q

Who were the most common offenders in Victorian London and what crimes did they most commonly commit?

A

Young males– committing petty theft

168
Q

What were prisons like in Victorian London?

A

very poor conditions in old buildings and castles

169
Q

How were crime rates changing in the Victorian Era?

A

they were generally declining

170
Q

What was the two–nation divide in Victorian London?

A

the dramatic spatial separation between the rich and the poor, with incomparably different lifestyles and living standards

171
Q

What percentage of people in Newham said that people with different backgrounds got on well?

A

87%

172
Q

Which age group in Newham has the most friends from different ethnic backgrounds?

A

ages 16–24… 62%

173
Q

How are the numbers of racially motivated attacks in Newham changing?

A

they are declining

174
Q

What has been slowing down in Newham?

A

white flight

175
Q

What proportion of respondents in Newham said that they were satisfied with their life overall?

A

77%

176
Q

What proportion of respondents in Newham said that they were satisfied with their health?

A

76%

177
Q

What proportion of respondents in Newham said that their quality of life was good?

A

75%

178
Q

What proportion of respondents in Newham said that they felt safe during the day?

A

87%

179
Q

What proportion of respondents in Newham said that they were at least fairly satisfied with their accommodation?

A

82%

180
Q

What proportion of respondents in Newham rated shops and transport highly?

A

> 80%

181
Q

Why have shops and transport been seen to improve in Newham?

A

the Olympic effect

182
Q

What is the population size of Newham?

A

300,000 in 2011

183
Q

What proportion of Newham was born outside the UK?

A

53%

184
Q

What proportion of people in Newham are Indian?

A

13.80%

185
Q

What proportion of people in Newham are Black African?

A

12.30%

186
Q

What proportion of people in Newham are Bangladeshi?

A

12.10%

187
Q

What percentage of people in Newham have below good health?

A

16.90%

188
Q

What proportion of people in Newham live in relative poverty?

A

41%

189
Q

What percentage of children live in poor households in Newham?

A

55%

190
Q

How has the number of Russians in London grown

A

there were 15,00 in 2001 and now there are over 250,000

191
Q

What proportion of London home sales are sold to Russians

A

9%– >1.5 million dollars worth of the market

192
Q

How has the number of Russian children in private schools changed

A

27% more in 2017 than 2016

193
Q

What is the total value of Russian companies listed on the London stock exchange

A

$450bn

194
Q

How much of the London stock exchange is Russian owned

A

13%

195
Q

What proportion of inner London speak Russian

A

more than 1% speak Russian as their main language

196
Q

What proportion of addresses in inner London are second homes

A

10%

197
Q

How much of inner London was educated abroad

A

over half in some areas

198
Q

What proportion on inner London is in very good health

A

over 60%– likely due to private healthcare

199
Q

Where are the most expensive properties in London

A

Kensington palace gardens had an average property price of £40 million in 2017

200
Q

What percentage of Southall is from south asia

A

46% (31% Indian and 8.4% Pakistani)

201
Q

What proportion of southall has a south Asian language as their first language

A

45%

202
Q

What proportion of southall is part of a south Asian religion

A

80%

203
Q

What percentage of southall is sikh

A

31%

204
Q

What percentage of southall is muslim

A

25.80%

205
Q

What percentage of southall is hindu

A

23.40%

206
Q

What evidence is there of strong south Asian communities in southall(5 things)

A

railway station translated into a south Asian language, biggest gurdwara in London, pub excepts rupees, Bollywood films at the cinema, textile shops sell sarees

207
Q

How many textile shops are there on Southall Broadway

A

31 indian fabric shops and 11 pakistani

208
Q

How many jewelers are there on southall broadway

A

16 pakistani and 9 indian (4 others)

209
Q

How many halal food shops are there on southall broadway

A

7 halal meat

210
Q

What are the average house prices in southall

A

£370,000– cheaper than the London average

211
Q

According to Gemma Catney (Dep of Geog and Planning in UofLiverpool) what is happening to assimilation in London

A

assimilation has been increasing between 2001+2011, especially within the African and Chinese population (Bangladeshi in outer London too)– white brits are the only ones getting more segregated

212
Q

What did Afua Hirsech say about alienation among migrants

A

“2nd or 3rd generation migrants feel more alienated in this country than their parents or grandparents”

213
Q

What did the Daily Telegraph say about non–English speakers in Camden

A

said that 3% of Camden speak no English at all (peaks in St. Pancras and Summerstown)

214
Q

What did the Daily Telegraph say about non–English speakers in Ealing

A

7% (peaks in southall broadway)

215
Q

What area did the daily telegraph say had the highes proportions of non–english speakers in London

A

9% of newham does not speak English

216
Q

When did Camden begin

A

pratt street was the first street of camden and was built in 1800

217
Q

When was the roundhouse built

A

it was built as a turning shed for trains in 1848

218
Q

When was gilbeys built

A

bonded warehouse built to store untaxed alcohol in 1857

219
Q

When did irish migrants arrive in Camden

A

the 1860s

220
Q

When was careras cigarette factory built

A

1929– seen as women’s work

221
Q

What happened in the 1960s in Camden

A

“filtering down” of the white working class and Bengali residents

222
Q

What happened as a result of the filtering down to the white working class in Camden in the 60s

A

residents became lower income and large houses were converted into multifamily flat flat rentals

223
Q

What happened in Camden in the 1970s

A

a revival

224
Q

What has the careras building been converted into since 2000

A

offices for the British Heart Foundation, ASOS, and Wanga.com

225
Q

What are the opinions on the new Sainsbury’s building in Camden

A

it is an architectural marvel or a disgrace as it knocked down old Victorian houses in okay condition

226
Q

What is an example of the re–imaging of Camden Town

A

the stables

227
Q

What is a downside of the influx of TNCs into Camden

A

they can bully for special condition in the area and bend local rules

228
Q

What evidence is there for the influx of TNCs in Camden

A

YouTube and Google offices in King’s Cross

229
Q

What evidence is there of a divide between long term residents and recent migrants in Camden

A

<1% moved in the last 2 years in Kentish town while 20% moved in the last 2years in Kings cross

230
Q

What is an example of hate crime in Camden

A

‘a white schoolboy being stabbed by a group of Asians in Somerstown’ (the Independent 1994

231
Q

What is an example of tension between the rich in Camden

A

the ultra wealthy getting around planning permission in Millfield Lane, and people buying houses and declaring them unsafe so that they can knock them down and rebuild

232
Q

What are 3 areas of conflict in Camden

A

rich vs poor, newbies vs longterm, longterm vs migrants

233
Q

What is an example of class tension in Camden

A

antigentrification protests in 2015 (‘death to the elite’, ‘this London not Monaco’)

234
Q

By how much have terraced houses in Camden increased in price

A

ERROR!

235
Q

By how much have flats increased in Camden increased in price

A

ERROR!

236
Q

What does social exclusion involve

A

the lack or denial of resources, goods and services, and the inability to participate in normal relationships or activities

237
Q

What are 4 national benefits of HS2

A

increased capacity, increased speed, decreased North–South divide, 25,000+ jobs

238
Q

How does the construction of HS2 target certain groups

A

the destruction zone falls into more deprived areas of a largely black African population and lots of social housing

239
Q

How did the chair of HS2 respond when asked about the effect on local communities

A

‘stuff happens’

240
Q

What are 4 local problems that the HS2 construction causes

A

disruption, elitist, loss of animal habitat, houses to be demolished

241
Q

What proportion of children in Camden are living in poverty

A

35%

242
Q

In Camden what proportion of working residents are paid less than the London living wage

A

18% compared to London average of 22%

243
Q

What proportion of Camden is unemployed

A

3.9%, the 4th lowest unemployment rate in the capital

244
Q

What is Camden’s IMD rank

A

St Pancras and Camden Town are in the 10% most deprived whilst areas such as Hampstead and Bloomsbury are in the 70% least deprived

245
Q

How many homes will be demolished in the construction of HS2

A

220 homes, including 136 council homes, meaning that up to 1000 people can be displaced

246
Q

How many homes will be effected by the noise of the construction of HS2

A

1300 homes

247
Q

How much traffic will be caused by the construction of HS2

A

up to 800 daily 2way lorry movements in the East Euston area during busy periods

248
Q

How will the construction of HS2 effect pollution levels

A

at 78% of 198 locations HS2 will have a negative effect on pollution

249
Q

What environmental damage will be caused by the construction of HS2?

A

St. James’ Gardens next to Euston station will be lost. Euston Square Gardens will be closed for the duration of construction. 504 trees are expected to be removed. Community facilities will also be lost.

250
Q

How many businesses will be demolished by HS2 construction

A

73

251
Q

How many jobs will be at risk of loss or displacement by the construction of HS2

A

2,915 jobs

252
Q

What is was the estimated cost of the damage that the construction of HS2 will cause Camden

A

was estimated to be one billion in 2013

253
Q

What did voters think about HS2 according to a poll

A

a 2014 poll in the Sunday Times said that 54% of voters were opposed to HS2

254
Q

What are three hotspots for deprivation in Camden according to IMD

A

Kilburn, St. Pancras, Gospel Oak

255
Q

What are two examples of lack of assimilation in Camden shown in the Camden New Journal

A

June 2016– “rise in hate crimes in Camden after Brexit vote” “A British–Asian woman being told to remove her England football shirt”

256
Q

What is an example of lack of assimilation in Camden as shown in the Ham&High

A

Oct 2016– “reports of hate crime have doubled in the last year according to Camden Council”

257
Q

What are the average hate rate crime rates in Camden

A

46 per month– rising since 2014, according to the MetPolice

258
Q

When was there a spike in hate crime in Camden

A

spike over 100 in June 2016– Brexit vote

259
Q

What percentage of British Muslims felt that being a muslim was difficult due to prejudice

A

46% according to the 2016 Casey Review

260
Q

Among what group was economic inactivity high, according to the Casey Review

A

high among Pakistani and Bangladeshi women

261
Q

Among what age group was voting labour the highest

A

18–44yr olds

262
Q

Among what age groups was voting conservative the highest

A

45+yr olds

263
Q

What is the correlation between age and voting

A

the younger you are, the less likely you are to vote

264
Q

What percentage of 18–19 year olds didn’t vote in the last election

A

43%

265
Q

What percentage of 70+ year olds didn’t vote in the last election

A

16%

266
Q

How does owning a property affect your voting

A

people who own their house or have a mortgage are more likely to vote conservative, while renters are more likely to vote labour

267
Q

What percentage of white people voted conservative

A

45%– more than voted labour

268
Q

What percentage of White British people in Camden have taken local action in the last year

A

60%

269
Q

What area of the UK has the highest percentage of people not speaking English

A

London

270
Q

How much is the local LGBTQ community group funded in Camden

A

The Camden LGBT Forum is given £65,000 by the Council per year

271
Q

How much is the local asian’s woman’s centre funded in Camden

A

Hopscotch Asian Women’s Centre given £75,000 per year

272
Q

What proportion of Newham receives some form of benefit payment

A

63%

273
Q

What is the average house price in Newham

A

£270,000

274
Q

What % Newham live in social housing

A

69%

275
Q

In a newspaper search of “Camden Town” how many focus on gentrification

A

5/11

276
Q

In a newspaper search of “Camden Town” how many focus on art and culture

A

5/11

277
Q

In a newspaper search of “Camden Town” how many mention subcultures

A

3/11

278
Q

In a newspaper search of “Camden Town” how many mention drugs and alcohol

A

5/11

279
Q

In a newspaper search of “Camden Town” how many mention migration and ethnicity

A

2/11

280
Q

How many visitors does the South Downs national park have per year

A

40million

281
Q

What are 4 tourist attractions in the South Downs national park

A

The 7 sisters chalk cliffs, The long man of Wilmington (huge chalk drawing of a man), Kipling’s house, and Glyndebourne (annual opera festival)

282
Q

What words can be found In a word cloud of perceptions of Camden

A

busy expensive diverse friendly posh

283
Q

What films were shot in Camden Town

A

Eyes wide shut, Four weddings and a funeral, Monty Python and the Holy Grail, Peeky blinders

284
Q

When is Camden mentioned in music

A

Camden Town by Sugs 1995, Come back to Camden by Morrissey 2004, How did it come to this by Take That

285
Q

According to a residents’ survey what proportion of Camden think it is not a good place to retire to

A

about 80%

286
Q

According to a residents’ survey what proportion of Camden don’t think it is a good place to raise children

A

just over 60%

287
Q

According to a residents’ survey what proportion of Camden strongly agree that it is a good place for a night out

A

50%

288
Q

According to a residents’ survey what proportion of Camden think it is a good place in which to invest in work

A

60%

289
Q

In Camden how does age correlate with perceived safety

A

the older people are, the less safe they feel at night

290
Q

According to a residents’ survey in Camden, which age group feels the safest in Camden at at night

A

20–30year olds who feel 9/10 safe

291
Q

According to a residents’ survey in Camden, which age group feels the least safe in Camden at night

A

90year olds who feel 3/10 safe

292
Q

What is the demographic factor that most effects whether someone tries to solve a local problem in Camden

A

social class

293
Q

Which group is the least likely to try to solve a local problem by local action (including voting)

A

only 40% of the Asian community do

294
Q

Which group is most likely to try to solve a local problem by local action (including voting)

A

property owners worried about their house value

295
Q

What area in the UK was the biggest sources of internal migrants in 2015

A

London was the source of 20% of all internal migrants

296
Q

What area in the UK was the most popular destination for internal migrants in 2015

A

the South East (18%) and the East (12%)

297
Q

In what area of the UK did the most movement occur in 2015

A

the South East accounted for nearly a ⅓ of all movement

298
Q

What proportion of UK internal migrants came from the South East in 2015

A

16%

299
Q

From what areas did internal migrants to London come in 2015

A

North of the city eg Leeds, Oxford, Newcastle and Birmingham

300
Q

What was the most popular destination for internal migrants from London in 2015

A

the South East eg Southend or Chatham

301
Q

By how much did London house prices increase between March 2007 and 2014

A

15%

302
Q

What happened to house prices outside of London between March 2007 and 2014

A

they went down

303
Q

In what areas of the UK did house prices fall especially quickly between March 2007 and 2014

A

South Wales and the North East (fell by 15%)

304
Q

What does IMD stand for

A

index of multiple deprivation

305
Q

What is the Index of Multiple Deprivation for

A

it ranks areas by how deprived they are and is made up of 7 subsections

306
Q

What does the IMD for London look like

A

there are huge extremes with a mix of areas of the 10% least and 10% most deprived

307
Q

In what areas of the UK are the largest proportion of over 65 year olds found

A

in peripheral coastal areas the proportion of over 65s can reach 30%

308
Q

In what areas of the UK can the lowest proportions of ethnic minorities be found

A

in peripheral areas ethnic minorities can be below 14%

309
Q

Where can the highest proportions of Christians be found in the UK

A

Northern England especially concentrated in Liverpool

310
Q

What were the top source countries for non UK born residents in England and Wales in 2011

A

India, Poland and Pakistan

311
Q

How did the number of Polish residents in the UK change

A

numbers shot up from almost nothing in 2001 to almost 750,000 in 2011

312
Q

Why did the number of Polish UK residents increase so much between 2001 and 2011

A

Poland joined the EU in 2004

313
Q

What were the top source countries for non UK born residents in England and Wales in 2017

A

Poland (1 million), Romania, Ireland, India

314
Q

Why did the number of Romanian UK residents increase between 2011 and 2017

A

Romania joined the EU in 2007 but the UK did not let them settle until 10 years later

315
Q

What area of the UK has the highest proportion of 1st generation migrants

A

Brent (55%)

316
Q

What area of the UK has the lowest proportion of 1st generation migrants

A

Bleanau Gwent (2%)

317
Q

How many of the top 10 richest people in the UK are Russian

A

3/10

318
Q

Who is the wealthiest person in the UK

A

Len Blavatnik (Russian)

319
Q

Why is the UK a desirable place to live for Russians

A

property market, less politically isolated (want to get money away from Putin), no safety problems for the rich, close to Russia

320
Q

How many people moved around the UK in 2014?

A

2.9million

321
Q

Which country in the UK is the only one to have a positive net migration rate for internal migration?

A

Scotland

322
Q

Why is scotland the most popular country within the UK for internal migration

A

it has the highest life satisfaction figures according to the ONS

323
Q

Which boroughs in london had the highest outflow rates in 2014

A

Newham, brent and Ealing

324
Q

What area in the UK had the lowest net internal migration in 2014

A

london

325
Q

Why did london have the lowest net internal migration in 2014 in the UK

A

many parents with young children move out of London, and many international migrant who first settle in London then choose to move elsewhere

326
Q

What are push factors for moving out of London

A

bad environmental quality, higher levels of criminal activity, and higher rents and living costs

327
Q

Why is there a high correlation between the inflow and outflow of people for areas in the UK

A

because areas with more migration have larger populations to start with– cities often have the highest turnover of people

328
Q

What are causes for higher rates of internal migration

A

higher proportions of young people; more developed countries with greater urbanisation and higher income; higher levels of net international migration

329
Q

Of what group are most people who leave London for elsewhere in the UK

A

30–40year olds with children who find it hard to afford homes in the city

330
Q

What group make up the peak internal inflow into london

A

23 year olds (over 9000 arrived in 2014) who are young graduates seeking jobs in the UK– making London one of the youngest areas in the country

331
Q

What group make up the peak outflow out of london for elsewhere in the UK

A

19 year olds (over 6000 left in 2014) who leave london for higher education

332
Q

What does internal movement out of london but international movement into london cause

A

ethnicities and cultures moving into london from other areas in the world having more space to grow and develop– causing a reduction in the proportion of white brits in london

333
Q

In 2011, what percentage of the UK population did immigrants from Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Romania make up

A

10.60%

334
Q

By how much did the population of Boston, Lincolnshire grow from 2001 to 2011

A

15.90%

335
Q

How many native jobseekers were there in Boston, lincolnshire in 2001

A

only 1500

336
Q

What are 5 perceived positive impacts of migrants on Boston, lincolnshire

A

needed for work, especially manual labour on farms; increase in population supports services and wider job opportunities; immigrants opened shops despite economic recessions; brought social vitality as the population would otherwise be ageing; local economy diversified

337
Q

What happened to wages in Boston as a result of migrants

A

the average hourly wage nationally is £13.33 but in Boston it is £9.13– on a weekly basis full–time earnings are more than £100 a week less than the national average because immigrants are willing to work longer for less

338
Q

What has happened to politics in Boston as a result of migrants

A

rise in right–wing politics– UKIP targeted the area in its campiegns

339
Q

What happened to housing in Boston as a result of migrants

A

local housing is poor and expensive as temporary migrants don’t mind bad quality housing as much. 10 single workers may each pay £60 a week to share a three–bedroom house– £600 is unaffordable for local families

340
Q

Of what NHS services has there been a demand in Boston as a result of migrants

A

child services

341
Q

What has happened at schools in boston as a result of migrants

A

some schools get £1000 funded per head for new arrivals with language problems as many children start school without knowing English, hindering integration and diverting money away from other services

342
Q

What is the least integrated place in the country according to the think tank Policy Exchange

A

Boston, Lincolnshire– east europeans tend to work separately from the white majority

343
Q

What has happened to service in boston as a result of migrants

A

they are under more pressure

344
Q

How can migrants’ choice of spending in boston harm the local economy

A

some send remittances back home instead of spending in the local area

345
Q

What is aiksaath?

A

It was created in order to counter act gang violence between those with an Asian background in kings cross

346
Q

How successful is aiksaarth according to the local government

A

reduces gang violence in the local area through anti violence workshops. It helps to improve grades through workshops and support at schools

347
Q

how successful is Aiksaarth according to the national government

A

anti extremism workshops reduces the number of young people interested and in contact with terrorist organisations

348
Q

how successful is aiksaarth according to the local residents

A

Less violence on the streets and more local safety as Aik saarth promotes the condemnation of carrying knives

349
Q

What partnership creates affordable housing Kings cross

A

the King’s Cross Central Limited Partnership (KCCLP)

350
Q

How successful has the KCCLP been at creating affordable housing in Kings Cross according to the local and national governments

A

successful, but the delivery of social rented homes has always been dependent on public sector as well as a KCCLP subsidy

351
Q

What was the plan for KCCLP affordable housing in Kings cross

A

the 2006 agreement provided for up to 750 affordable homes at Kings Cross

352
Q

How many KCCLP homes are already completed in Kings cross

A

450 homes already delivered and underway

353
Q

Why is the contining creation of KCCLP affordable housing in kings cross uncertain

A

the level of grant funding is no longer available

354
Q

What did the Deed of variation achieve for the KCCLP housing project in kings cross

A

The Deed of Variation drawn up with Camden Council means that 127 more socially rented homes will be available including 64 family homes. There will also be 60 more homes for 1 person

355
Q

Will HS2 be successful according to the local government

A

northern cities will be more connected but butterflies, bats and birds will lose habitat and biodiversity and historic buildings at risk in The Chilterns, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire and residents will experience noise pollution

356
Q

What was the estimated budget of HS2

A

Estimated budget from £32.7bn to £42.6bn– the first phase from £16bn to £22bn

357
Q

How many journeys from the air and roads will HS2 prevent

A

it is estimated that the new line could transfer 4.5 million journeys a year from the air and nine million from the roads helping the country reach environmental and pollution targets

358
Q

What are the estimated fare revenues of HS2

A

estimates total fare revenues of up to £34bn over a 60–yr period

359
Q

How has the building schedule of HS2 changed

A

The building should be accelerated to reach Crewe by 2027 instead of Birmingham by 2026 and the second phase could be completed by 2030 instead of 2033

360
Q

How should HS2 decrease journey times

A

Journey time from London to Manchester Piccadilly should be reduced by an hour and times to Birmingham by half an hour

361
Q

What impact will HS2 have on commuter routes

A

free up capacity on overcrowded commuter routes– could lead to people taking jobs further away from their local area

362
Q

How will HS2 affect Old Oak Common

A

Old Oak Common in NW ldn will be a rail depot with 14 platforms which should support some 20,000 new jobs

363
Q

What railway line would soon be full without HS2

A

The West Coast Main line will be full by 2024 without HS2

364
Q

What areas will lose jobs due to HS2

A

Places further like Wales will lose jobs

365
Q

Where will people lose their homes due to HS2

A

residents in Mexborough, South Yorkshire will lose their homes

366
Q

What park will be demolished by HS2

A

some of Regent’s Park will be demolished

367
Q

How many jobs will the London–Midlands section of HS2 create

A

Ministers claim that the London–Midlands section alone will create around 40,000 jobs

368
Q

What is the difference between the amount of hate crimes reported in England and Wales, and those actually happening

A

The Crime Survey of England and Wales tells us hate crime is widely under reported and suggested that nationally there are about 278,000 hate crimes committed every year, with only about 43,000 being reported.

369
Q

How have numbers of prosecutions for hate crimes changed in London

A

The number of prosecutions for hate crime offences in London remains static, with 1,517 in the six months to September 2014 compared to 3,001 in the previous twelve months

370
Q

What type of hate crime is the most common in london

A

racist and religious offences represent the largest volume of offences of all categories

371
Q

How many racist and religious offences are there per month

A

averaging approximately 890 offences per month in the year to September 2014

372
Q

How did numbers of religious and racist offences increase from 2013 to 2014 in london

A

an increase of over 11% on the previous year

373
Q

In london, what percentage of people prosecuted for hate crime are men

A

80% are male

374
Q

In london what age group is the largest for people prosecuted for hate crime

A

almost 30% are aged between 20 and 29

375
Q

in london what percentage of people prosecuted for hate crime are white british

A

45% are White British

376
Q

How many crimes were there in stockwell between 2014 and 2019

A

> 2000

377
Q

What is the trend for stockwell crime between 2014 and 2019

A

Unclear trend

378
Q

By how much have flats in London increased in price

A

Risen by 98% between 2006 and 2019

379
Q

By how much have flats in Camden increased in price

A

117% between 2006 and 2019

380
Q

What problems do rural areas have with affordable housing creation

A

Restrictive building policies

381
Q

What problems are common in rural economies

A

Lots of agricultural work and low earnings

382
Q

What are four examples of commonly marginalised groups in rural UK

A

Older people\nYoung people\nLow paid manual workers\nDisabled and long term ill

383
Q

What are examples of organisations that are part of the Lake District National Park Partnership

A

Environment agency\nNational trust\nNational farmers union\nForestry commission

384
Q

What are the aims of the Lake District National Park Partnership

A

To improve:\nVisitor experience\nProsperous economy\nVibrant communities\nSpectacular landscapes

385
Q

What does the percentage of white British people in the Lake District

A

Reaches 98% in some places

386
Q

What does the local newspaper in the Lake District run stories on

A

Mainly talks about road accidents and congestion rates

387
Q

Why is housing a struggle for locals in the Lake District

A

House prices are way above the average income of locals

388
Q

What was the target for emissions in the Lake District and was it reached

A

The target 1% reduction in carbon emissions was not met for 2012 to 2013

389
Q

How is the population size changing in the Lake District

A

2011 census showed a 2.5% decline in the overall population of the Lake District with those under 45 showing the highest decrease

390
Q

How many people are employed in farming in the Lake District National park

A

2500

391
Q

How reliant is the Lake District on agriculture for employment compared to the rest of the uk

A

On average it is 8–10 times more reliant on agriculture for employment than the rest of the uk

392
Q

What proportion of the Lake District is farmland

A

28% of the total park area

393
Q

What are the levels of self employment like in the Lake District

A

Levels of self employment in the park is almost double what it is nationally at almost 20%

394
Q

How much does tourism contribute to the Lake District economy

A

£900million

395
Q

How many people does the tourism industry employ in the Lake District

A

Just short of 15000

396
Q

How are new business survival rates in the Lake District

A

For business starting up in 2008, 3yr survival rates were higher in Cumbria than the national average

397
Q

What percentage of businesses in the national park think that the Lake District is a good place to do business

A

80% though that it was a good or very good place to do business

398
Q

How many people visit the Lake District every year

A

15million

399
Q

Of the total visitors to the Lake District every year, what percentage has already visited

A

85%

400
Q

When was the Lake District National Park Partnership formed

A

2006

401
Q

Why was the Lake District National Park Partnership formed

A

Because many organisations with a role in the Lake District did not have a real sense of involvement in the management

402
Q

How many organisations are part of the Lake District National Park Partnership

A

24

403
Q

What are 2 examples of how the Lake District National Park Partnership is working towards a Prosperous economy

A

Introducting and developing the skills of young people into the farm and Forestry sectors\nEnsuring broadband delivered to areas of the park through Connecting Cumbria

404
Q

What are 3 examples of how the Lake District National Park Partnership are trying to make a good visitor experience

A

Making a new group to manage Access and Recreation in the county and identify priority projects\nApplied for the Lake District to be considered for World heritage site inscription by UNESCO in 2016\nGetting sm funding for the Fix the Fells upland path repair programme

405
Q

What are two examples of how the Lake District National Park Partnership is creating vibrant communities

A

Ensuring that any funding through the Cumbria Local Enterprise Partnership increasing the availability of housing that people can afford\nSubmitting a proposal to the government that limits second home and holiday let ownership

406
Q

What are two examples of how the Lake District National Park Partnership is creating spectacular landscape, wildlife and cultural heritage

A

Agreeing and commencing priority habitat restoration within Ullswater valley\nAgreeing that a project that promotes and delivered low carbon and energy efficient activity in the tourism sector

407
Q

What is the percentage of unemployment like in the Lake District compared to the rest of the country

A

The percentage of people of working ages who are unemployed remains lower in the Lake District than nationally at 1.1% in Feb 2013

408
Q

How have earnings in Cumbria changed

A

Increase in the median earnings of employees in Cumbria above the rate of inflation

409
Q

How have the number of villages in the Lake District with services changed

A

From 2010 to 2013 the number of villiages with 5 services has reduced from 7 to 6

410
Q

How have numbers of affordable housing changed in the Lake District

A

From April 2010 to March 2013 62 affordable local homes were created, with the target at 300

411
Q

In what condition are the sites of special scientific interest in the Lake District

A

91% (2012) of the sites are in favourable or recovering condition

412
Q

How are levels of private motor vehicles in the Lake District changing

A

77% of visitors used a private motor vehicle as their main mode of transport in 2009. This dropped to 73% in 2012

413
Q

What percentage of people at working age have access to employment by public transport, cycling or walking in the Lake District

A

76% in 2011

414
Q

What are the top three barriers to business efficiency in the Lake District

A

The way the local planning and development control system operates (42%)\nThe local road network and road access (35%)\nThe availability of parking for customers, staff, or deliveries (30%)

415
Q

What is the most effective strategy for managing the Lake District in my opinion

A

The Cumbria Local Enterprise Partnership

416
Q

Why is the Cumbria Local Enterprise Partnership the most effective management strategy for the Lake District

A

Most other industries are falling––numbers of farmers of falling, but businesses are starting up and employment rates and job seeker rates remain relatively stable

417
Q

How is the net farm income in the Lake District changing

A

The net farm income in 2011 to 2012 was £9500, compared to the £20,000 in 2010 to 2011

Human Geography (3 decks)

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