Diverse Places Flashcards
when did the UK population start to grow rapidly?
since 1812 and the industrial revolution
when in the 20th century did the UKs population change decrease?
from 1964– the early 1980s
when did population growth spike in the uk?
from the early 80s to 2006 when it became relatively level
By how much has the UK’s population increased since 1964?
about 10million
when was the period of fastest population growth in the UK?
between about 2000 and 2013
What is most of the population change in London caused by?
natural change
What causes the most population change in Scotland?
migration
In London, what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009?
85,000
In London what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009 caused by natural increase?
79,000
In London what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009 caused by immigration?
7000
In Scotland, what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009?
26,000
In Scotland, what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009 cause by ndatural increase?
5000
In Scotland, what was the total positive population change in 2008–2009 caused by immigration?
21,000
According to the 2016 UK population pyramid, how are birth rates changing?
they are decreasing
According to the UK 2016 population pyramid, at what age does the population start to decrease?
after 54
What type of population will the UK have in the future as seen in the 2016 UK population pyramid?
an ageing population
what factors affect an area’s level of rurality?
relief of land\nhistorical factors\nprotected natural land preventing development\ntransport links
Do urban or rural areas in the UK have a older age average?
rural areas
Has the UK population natural change been overall positive or negative over the last 50 years?
positive
When was the biggest spike in UK birth rates?
the mid 60s
What caused higher birth rates in the UK in 2004?
Eastern European countries joined the EU causing a spike in immigration and therefore birth rates
How big was the spike in EU immigrants to the UK in 2004?
spiked from just over 0 migrants a year to 125,000 in 2007
How did the number of non–EU immigrants to the UK increase from 1995 to 2000?
Rose from just under 100,000 in 1995 to over 200,000 in 2000
When was there a huge drop in EU immigrants?
after the 2016 brexit vote
How did the immigration rates from the EU to the UK drop in 2016?
net migration dropped from about 180,000 in 2016 to 100,000 in about 2017
What part of the UK is growing fastest?
the South–East
What parts of the UK are growing slowest?
Scotland and Wales
How has Camden’s net migration rate increased?
it has increased from around 2000/yr in 2006 to around 6000/year in 2016
how has Camden’s net migration rate decreased?
it has fallen from around 5000/year to around 4000/year
Are Camden and Ealing gaining or loosing internal migrants?
loosing, although Ealing is loosing them sat twice the rate of Camden
Overall, does Camden have a net migrational gain or loss?
gain
Overall, does Ealing have a net migrational gain or loss?
loss
What is the model for measuring societies’ development?
the demographic transition model
What are the reasons for the high birth rates in stages one and two of the demographic transition model?(4 reasons)
religious values promote large families\nchildren required for work\nhigh child mortality rates so high replacement rates\nlack of contraception and family planning
What are the reasons for the falling birth rates in stage 3 of the demographic transition model?(3 reasons)
falling infant mortality\nlaws against child labour\nimproved medical care and diet
What are the reasons for the low birth rates in stage 4 and 5 of the demographic transition model?(4 reasons)
emancipation and education of women\nmaterialism (wealth over large families)\nlater and fewer marriages\nlots of family planning options
What are the reasons for the high death rates in stage 1 of the demographic transition model? (3 reasons)
diseases\nfamines\npoor medical knowledge
what are the reasons for the falling death rates in stage 2 and 3 of the demographic transition model? (4 reasons)
improvements in medical care\nbetter sewers\nwater supply and sanitation\nimproved food and supply and education
What are 3 reasons for the slow fall of death rates in stages 4 and 5 of the demographic transition model?
medical advances\nbetter food supply\npreventative medicine
What percentage of the population in the City of London is male?
65%
What percentage of the population in Highbury West is male?
42%
What is social clustering?
When people with similar social characteristic live near each other
what percentage of Southall in Ealing are of Indian ethnicity?
47.20%
When did the first group of South Asians arrive in Southall?
1950
Why did South Asians first Asians arrive in Southall?
to work in the R Woolf rubber factory owned by a former British Indian Army officer
What was the housing like for South Asians in Southall in the 50s?
cheap, with up to 20 in a room
What allowed all Commonwealth citizens to enter and stay in the UK without restriction?
the Commonwealth Immigrants Act of 1962
What evidence is there of South Asian culture in Southall? (5 examples)
different languages on signs\nSikh temples\nindian food specialists\nsaree stores\njewellery and textiles and food in retail
What percentage of Chicago has no major ethnicity in the area?
only 20%
How much of Chicago is Latino dominated?
about 8 areas– over 80%
when did the black ghetto in Chicago begin to form?
1920
How many areas in Chicago are black dominated?
over half the areas in 2000
What percentage of Southall is Indian?
65.30%
What percentage of Southall white English, Welsh, and Irish?
4.50%
What percentage of the population is Bangladeshi around West Hampstead and Frognal?
0.40%
What can the percentage of the Bangladeshi people reach around St Pancras, Haverstock and Kilburn?
20%
Why might there be less Bangladeshi people towards Frognal?
because it is more of a jewish area, so social clustering would not encourage Bangladeshi people to move there
What proportion if the population is white british is East Sussex?
Over 90% in almost all places and often over 95%
What are other ethnicities are living in East Sussex?
very small areas have over 20% Chinese, Indian, or Bangladeshi populaitons
Is East Sussex attractive to migrants?
no
What percentage of the population in Southall have lived in the UK for less than 2 years?
only 10%
What percentage of Southall have lived in the UK for more than 10 years?
39%
What percentage of Camden have not been UK residents for two years?
20.60%
What percentage of people in East Sussex were born in the UK?
over 90% in most areas, and often over 95%
What is the percentage of men and women and Southall?
very equal– 51.4% female and 48.6% male
In Camden, what is the proportion of men to women?
very equal
What is the proportion of men and women in East Sussex?
there are more areas where the population is over 50% women, than areas where there are over 50% men
What religions are popular in Southall?
50.8% Sikh\n23.3% Hindu\n11.2% Christian
What proportion of Camden is Jewish?
30% towards Frognal and Fitzjohns\n50% towards Golders Green
What proportion of Camden is Christian?
the majority\reaching 60% towards Dollis Hill
What proportion of Camden is Islamic?
55% at the South West end Regents Park
What religions are popular in East Sussex?
over 60% Christian\nlowest proportion of Christians in the Asian area of Eastbourne\nthe largest proportion of Christians are on the shoreline of Eastbourne– 83.7%\naround 30% say they have no religion
What proportion of people in Southall speak English as their main language?
50.40%
What proportion of people speak a South Asian language as their main language in Southall?
48.90%
What proportion of people in Camden speak English as their main language?
80%, reaches 90% in some areas
What proportion of people in East Sussex speak English as their main language?
over 95% in general
What proportion of people in Southall are married?
46.80%
How many same sex couples are registered in Southall?
none
What proportion of people are married in Camden?
60% of people living in a couple in South Hampstead and Golders Green\n70% of people not living in a couple around Kentish town
What proportion of people are married in East Sussex?
60% of people live in a couple \nbut in the centre of Eastbourne it is only between 30 and 40%
What was the Common Wealth Immigration Act?
in 1962– legislation was passed to restrict the number of immigrants. Applicants now have to have work permits
What was the British Nationality Act?
definitions of British nationality were redefined to encourage colonial residents to move to Britain
When did the British Nationality Act take place?
1948
What was Windrush?
In 1948 the vessel “Empire Windrush” arrived in Britain carrying 492 workers from the Caribbean who had come to assist with Britain’s post–war reconstruction
Between 1948 and 1956 how many Caribbean immigrants had arrived in Britain?
just over 40,000
What is the fertility rate in Ealing?
1.94 children per woman
What is the fertility rate in Camden?
1.24 children per woman
What is happening to the fertility rates in England and Wales overall?
they are falling
What does multiculturalism mean according to Lord Parekh, a professor of political philosophy?
taken to mean different cultural communities should live their own ways of love in a self–contained manner
What does Sir Bernard Crick say that multiculturalism means?
integration is the coexistence of communities and the unimpeded movement between tem, it is not assimilation
What does multiculturalism mean, according to Trevor Phillips, the Head of UK Equality Commission?
squeamishness about addressing diversity and its discontent risks allowing our country to sleepwalk to a catastrophe that will set community against community
Why do Asians tend to live in a specific area of Chicago (6 reasons)?
close to the CBD\nsocial clustering\nplaces of worship for their religion\nbetter political representation\nself reinforcing– encourages international migration\ncheap housing in city centre
Why do Asians not live in other areas in Chicago?
other areas have populations of over 90% of one ethnicity– they would be isolated and vulnerable to gang violence etc.
What is Gilbey House in Camden?
a building that changed from a bonded wine warehouse to a TV broadcasting studio for APTV
How is Camden regionally connected?
a route to Birmingham and the Port of London
Why is Camden a good place for the transportation of heavy goods?
it is a location for interchange between canal and railway
Of which industry was North Camden the European centre?
the piano industry
Where can one listen to live music in Camden?
Coco\nElectric Ballroom
What happened as a result of bombing in Camden?
areas were redeveloped– often into public housing
What evidence is there of a strong Irish community in Camden?
an Irish centre on Camden Square\nQuinn’s bar
What evidence is there of a strong Bangladeshi community in Camden?
festivals such as Mela 2014
What evidence is there of a strong Somali community in Camden?
Camden Somali Cultural Centre Live 2015
What evidence is there of a strong Greek community in Camden?
Greek orthodox church\Daphne– Greek restaurant
What evidence is there of a strong French community in Camden?
Café Gourmand\nCollege Francais Bilingue de Londres (French school in Kentish Town)\nlargely professional so have driven up house prices
What proportion of 0–14 year olds in Camden are white?
49%
What proportion of 65+ year olds in Camden are white?
> 80%
How does the proportion of white people in Camden change with age?
the younger the population, the lower the proportion of white people
Of the non–white population in Camden, of what ethnicity is the largest percentage?
Asian– mainly bengali
How is the Somali population in Camden changing?
its growing
What does a sense of place mean?
an overarching impression encompassing the general way in which people feel about places. Suggests intimate, personal and emotional relationships between the self and the place
What is an alternative definition for “a sense of place”?
what do I know when I am in this place that I can know nowhere else?
How many crimes per 1000 residents were reported in Westminster and the City of London?
over July 2012/July 2013, 500+ crimes were reported
How many crimes per 1000 residents were reported in the suburbs of London?
over July 2012/July 2013, 100–200 crimes were reported
How is crime changing in the centre of London?
it’s getting worse
How are pollution levels changing in the centre of London?
As of 2013, NO2 levels are getting worse
How are pollution levels changing in London overall?
As of 2013, NO2 levels are getting worse
How are pollution levels changing in the London suburbs?
NO2 levels are improving
Where are pollution levels worst in London?
on major roads
Where is the highest concentration of social renting found in London?
the centre more than the suburbs\nin the East of the city
Where is most green space found in London?
in outer london
What are the biggest areas of green space in London?
Hyde park, Regents park, the Heath, Lee Valley, Richmond
What words were common in wordclouds showing public perceptions of inner city Camden areas?
diverse\nup+ coming\nmulticultural
What words were common in wordclouds showing public perceptions of outer city Camden areas?
posh\nexpensive\ngreen
How do the proportions of ethnic minorities in Camden compare to those in London?
ethnic minorities are a larger proportion of the population than average in London
Has the layout of buildings and green space in Camden changed?
layout of buildings and green space has not changed apart from some development on Haverstock Hill since 1888–1913
When was Camden’s first major railway station built?
1840
What type of shops is Kentish Town Road lined with?
places to buy food
What is the average life expectancy in Camden?
about 80\nbut it goes up 5 years when living closer to Primrose Hill or Hampstead Heath
What has happened to market stalls in Camden Market?
there is increased rent for market stall owners causing it to be unprofitable for many to continue selling there
What proportion of houses in Camden have changed owner since 2010?
50%
What is the mot popular way of transport in Camden?
taking the train or tube
How did Camden vote in 2014?
very strongly labour
How deprived is Camden compared to the rest of the country?
half the borough is in roughly the three most deprived tenths of the country, while the other half is in roughly the least deprived tenth in the country.
What type housing dominates Southall?
mainly Asian terraces and flats– overcrowding more prevalent than in Camden
What could the residents of Southall be defined as?
multicultural metropolitans
What are the numbers of children like in Southall?
high
What places of worship are most evident in Southall?
Sikh and Muslim places of worship
What type of area is Southall?
residential
How has Southall been built up?
Has been majorly built up since 1888–1913, when it was all fields and woodlands. The gas works has expanded. There is still a park, but most areas have been turned into rows of housing and huge car park.
When did Southall start growing?
1910
By when has Southall become pretty built up?
1946
What type of shops is the high street in Southall lined with?
places to get food
What is access and engagement with the internet like in Southall?
very limited, but subscription to broadband TV is higher
What is the average life expectancy in Southall?
80
How has the population of Ealing grown?
It has grown from 292,800 in 1996 to 343,000 in 2015
What is the proportion of males to females in Ealing?
evenly spread
Of which ages does Ealing have a higher proportion than the rest of England?
ages 0–9 years and ages 25–44 years
Of which ages does Ealing have a lower proportion than the rest of England?
ages 50 and above
What proportion of houses in Ealing have changed owner since 2008?
50%
What is the most popular mode of transport in Southall?
driving
How did Southall vote in 2014?
very strongly labour
How deprived is Southall compared to the rest of the country?
it is in the most deprived half of the country
Why did slums grow in Victorian London?
rapid population growth and industrialisation
What was East London called in Victorian times?
Darkest London– because the most notorious slums were situated there
Of what did upper class Victorians think that the slums were the result?
the laziness, sin and vice of the lower classes
What were lodging houses in Victorian London and how many were there?
there were over 200 common lodging houses which provided for some 8000 homeless and destitute people per night
what was slumming?
it was when upper class people in Victorian London would visit the slums disguised as lower class people
When did slumming become popular?
1880s
what was slumming used to promote in Victorian London?
welfare programs
What was child work like in Victorian London?
children as young as 11 would work in mines, factories, and as servants\nthey worked long hours and were extremely poorly paid
How was the health of the workers and population threatened in Victorian London?
by the pollution as everything operated by coal and so released smoke
What were mills like in Victorian London?
many orphans would work and stay at mills. They would have no recreation time and would be killed if they fell asleep during their work
What are 2 examples of crusaders against child labour in Victorian London?
Sir Robert Peel and Lord Shaftesbury
When did the Metropolitan Line open?
1863
What was the life expectancy in Victorian London?
around 45
What percentage of people died before the age of 5 in Victorian London?
25%
Who were the most common offenders in Victorian London and what crimes did they most commonly commit?
Young males– committing petty theft
What were prisons like in Victorian London?
very poor conditions in old buildings and castles
How were crime rates changing in the Victorian Era?
they were generally declining
What was the two–nation divide in Victorian London?
the dramatic spatial separation between the rich and the poor, with incomparably different lifestyles and living standards
What percentage of people in Newham said that people with different backgrounds got on well?
87%
Which age group in Newham has the most friends from different ethnic backgrounds?
ages 16–24… 62%
How are the numbers of racially motivated attacks in Newham changing?
they are declining
What has been slowing down in Newham?
white flight
What proportion of respondents in Newham said that they were satisfied with their life overall?
77%
What proportion of respondents in Newham said that they were satisfied with their health?
76%
What proportion of respondents in Newham said that their quality of life was good?
75%
What proportion of respondents in Newham said that they felt safe during the day?
87%
What proportion of respondents in Newham said that they were at least fairly satisfied with their accommodation?
82%
What proportion of respondents in Newham rated shops and transport highly?
> 80%
Why have shops and transport been seen to improve in Newham?
the Olympic effect
What is the population size of Newham?
300,000 in 2011
What proportion of Newham was born outside the UK?
53%
What proportion of people in Newham are Indian?
13.80%
What proportion of people in Newham are Black African?
12.30%
What proportion of people in Newham are Bangladeshi?
12.10%
What percentage of people in Newham have below good health?
16.90%
What proportion of people in Newham live in relative poverty?
41%
What percentage of children live in poor households in Newham?
55%
How has the number of Russians in London grown
there were 15,00 in 2001 and now there are over 250,000
What proportion of London home sales are sold to Russians
9%– >1.5 million dollars worth of the market
How has the number of Russian children in private schools changed
27% more in 2017 than 2016
What is the total value of Russian companies listed on the London stock exchange
$450bn
How much of the London stock exchange is Russian owned
13%
What proportion of inner London speak Russian
more than 1% speak Russian as their main language
What proportion of addresses in inner London are second homes
10%
How much of inner London was educated abroad
over half in some areas
What proportion on inner London is in very good health
over 60%– likely due to private healthcare
Where are the most expensive properties in London
Kensington palace gardens had an average property price of £40 million in 2017
What percentage of Southall is from south asia
46% (31% Indian and 8.4% Pakistani)
What proportion of southall has a south Asian language as their first language
45%
What proportion of southall is part of a south Asian religion
80%
What percentage of southall is sikh
31%
What percentage of southall is muslim
25.80%
What percentage of southall is hindu
23.40%
What evidence is there of strong south Asian communities in southall(5 things)
railway station translated into a south Asian language, biggest gurdwara in London, pub excepts rupees, Bollywood films at the cinema, textile shops sell sarees
How many textile shops are there on Southall Broadway
31 indian fabric shops and 11 pakistani
How many jewelers are there on southall broadway
16 pakistani and 9 indian (4 others)
How many halal food shops are there on southall broadway
7 halal meat
What are the average house prices in southall
£370,000– cheaper than the London average
According to Gemma Catney (Dep of Geog and Planning in UofLiverpool) what is happening to assimilation in London
assimilation has been increasing between 2001+2011, especially within the African and Chinese population (Bangladeshi in outer London too)– white brits are the only ones getting more segregated
What did Afua Hirsech say about alienation among migrants
“2nd or 3rd generation migrants feel more alienated in this country than their parents or grandparents”
What did the Daily Telegraph say about non–English speakers in Camden
said that 3% of Camden speak no English at all (peaks in St. Pancras and Summerstown)
What did the Daily Telegraph say about non–English speakers in Ealing
7% (peaks in southall broadway)
What area did the daily telegraph say had the highes proportions of non–english speakers in London
9% of newham does not speak English
When did Camden begin
pratt street was the first street of camden and was built in 1800
When was the roundhouse built
it was built as a turning shed for trains in 1848
When was gilbeys built
bonded warehouse built to store untaxed alcohol in 1857
When did irish migrants arrive in Camden
the 1860s
When was careras cigarette factory built
1929– seen as women’s work
What happened in the 1960s in Camden
“filtering down” of the white working class and Bengali residents
What happened as a result of the filtering down to the white working class in Camden in the 60s
residents became lower income and large houses were converted into multifamily flat flat rentals
What happened in Camden in the 1970s
a revival
What has the careras building been converted into since 2000
offices for the British Heart Foundation, ASOS, and Wanga.com
What are the opinions on the new Sainsbury’s building in Camden
it is an architectural marvel or a disgrace as it knocked down old Victorian houses in okay condition
What is an example of the re–imaging of Camden Town
the stables
What is a downside of the influx of TNCs into Camden
they can bully for special condition in the area and bend local rules
What evidence is there for the influx of TNCs in Camden
YouTube and Google offices in King’s Cross
What evidence is there of a divide between long term residents and recent migrants in Camden
<1% moved in the last 2 years in Kentish town while 20% moved in the last 2years in Kings cross
What is an example of hate crime in Camden
‘a white schoolboy being stabbed by a group of Asians in Somerstown’ (the Independent 1994
What is an example of tension between the rich in Camden
the ultra wealthy getting around planning permission in Millfield Lane, and people buying houses and declaring them unsafe so that they can knock them down and rebuild
What are 3 areas of conflict in Camden
rich vs poor, newbies vs longterm, longterm vs migrants
What is an example of class tension in Camden
antigentrification protests in 2015 (‘death to the elite’, ‘this London not Monaco’)
By how much have terraced houses in Camden increased in price
ERROR!
By how much have flats increased in Camden increased in price
ERROR!
What does social exclusion involve
the lack or denial of resources, goods and services, and the inability to participate in normal relationships or activities
What are 4 national benefits of HS2
increased capacity, increased speed, decreased North–South divide, 25,000+ jobs
How does the construction of HS2 target certain groups
the destruction zone falls into more deprived areas of a largely black African population and lots of social housing
How did the chair of HS2 respond when asked about the effect on local communities
‘stuff happens’
What are 4 local problems that the HS2 construction causes
disruption, elitist, loss of animal habitat, houses to be demolished
What proportion of children in Camden are living in poverty
35%
In Camden what proportion of working residents are paid less than the London living wage
18% compared to London average of 22%
What proportion of Camden is unemployed
3.9%, the 4th lowest unemployment rate in the capital
What is Camden’s IMD rank
St Pancras and Camden Town are in the 10% most deprived whilst areas such as Hampstead and Bloomsbury are in the 70% least deprived
How many homes will be demolished in the construction of HS2
220 homes, including 136 council homes, meaning that up to 1000 people can be displaced
How many homes will be effected by the noise of the construction of HS2
1300 homes
How much traffic will be caused by the construction of HS2
up to 800 daily 2way lorry movements in the East Euston area during busy periods
How will the construction of HS2 effect pollution levels
at 78% of 198 locations HS2 will have a negative effect on pollution
What environmental damage will be caused by the construction of HS2?
St. James’ Gardens next to Euston station will be lost. Euston Square Gardens will be closed for the duration of construction. 504 trees are expected to be removed. Community facilities will also be lost.
How many businesses will be demolished by HS2 construction
73
How many jobs will be at risk of loss or displacement by the construction of HS2
2,915 jobs
What is was the estimated cost of the damage that the construction of HS2 will cause Camden
was estimated to be one billion in 2013
What did voters think about HS2 according to a poll
a 2014 poll in the Sunday Times said that 54% of voters were opposed to HS2
What are three hotspots for deprivation in Camden according to IMD
Kilburn, St. Pancras, Gospel Oak
What are two examples of lack of assimilation in Camden shown in the Camden New Journal
June 2016– “rise in hate crimes in Camden after Brexit vote” “A British–Asian woman being told to remove her England football shirt”
What is an example of lack of assimilation in Camden as shown in the Ham&High
Oct 2016– “reports of hate crime have doubled in the last year according to Camden Council”
What are the average hate rate crime rates in Camden
46 per month– rising since 2014, according to the MetPolice
When was there a spike in hate crime in Camden
spike over 100 in June 2016– Brexit vote
What percentage of British Muslims felt that being a muslim was difficult due to prejudice
46% according to the 2016 Casey Review
Among what group was economic inactivity high, according to the Casey Review
high among Pakistani and Bangladeshi women
Among what age group was voting labour the highest
18–44yr olds
Among what age groups was voting conservative the highest
45+yr olds
What is the correlation between age and voting
the younger you are, the less likely you are to vote
What percentage of 18–19 year olds didn’t vote in the last election
43%
What percentage of 70+ year olds didn’t vote in the last election
16%
How does owning a property affect your voting
people who own their house or have a mortgage are more likely to vote conservative, while renters are more likely to vote labour
What percentage of white people voted conservative
45%– more than voted labour
What percentage of White British people in Camden have taken local action in the last year
60%
What area of the UK has the highest percentage of people not speaking English
London
How much is the local LGBTQ community group funded in Camden
The Camden LGBT Forum is given £65,000 by the Council per year
How much is the local asian’s woman’s centre funded in Camden
Hopscotch Asian Women’s Centre given £75,000 per year
What proportion of Newham receives some form of benefit payment
63%
What is the average house price in Newham
£270,000
What % Newham live in social housing
69%
In a newspaper search of “Camden Town” how many focus on gentrification
5/11
In a newspaper search of “Camden Town” how many focus on art and culture
5/11
In a newspaper search of “Camden Town” how many mention subcultures
3/11
In a newspaper search of “Camden Town” how many mention drugs and alcohol
5/11
In a newspaper search of “Camden Town” how many mention migration and ethnicity
2/11
How many visitors does the South Downs national park have per year
40million
What are 4 tourist attractions in the South Downs national park
The 7 sisters chalk cliffs, The long man of Wilmington (huge chalk drawing of a man), Kipling’s house, and Glyndebourne (annual opera festival)
What words can be found In a word cloud of perceptions of Camden
busy expensive diverse friendly posh
What films were shot in Camden Town
Eyes wide shut, Four weddings and a funeral, Monty Python and the Holy Grail, Peeky blinders
When is Camden mentioned in music
Camden Town by Sugs 1995, Come back to Camden by Morrissey 2004, How did it come to this by Take That
According to a residents’ survey what proportion of Camden think it is not a good place to retire to
about 80%
According to a residents’ survey what proportion of Camden don’t think it is a good place to raise children
just over 60%
According to a residents’ survey what proportion of Camden strongly agree that it is a good place for a night out
50%
According to a residents’ survey what proportion of Camden think it is a good place in which to invest in work
60%
In Camden how does age correlate with perceived safety
the older people are, the less safe they feel at night
According to a residents’ survey in Camden, which age group feels the safest in Camden at at night
20–30year olds who feel 9/10 safe
According to a residents’ survey in Camden, which age group feels the least safe in Camden at night
90year olds who feel 3/10 safe
What is the demographic factor that most effects whether someone tries to solve a local problem in Camden
social class
Which group is the least likely to try to solve a local problem by local action (including voting)
only 40% of the Asian community do
Which group is most likely to try to solve a local problem by local action (including voting)
property owners worried about their house value
What area in the UK was the biggest sources of internal migrants in 2015
London was the source of 20% of all internal migrants
What area in the UK was the most popular destination for internal migrants in 2015
the South East (18%) and the East (12%)
In what area of the UK did the most movement occur in 2015
the South East accounted for nearly a ⅓ of all movement
What proportion of UK internal migrants came from the South East in 2015
16%
From what areas did internal migrants to London come in 2015
North of the city eg Leeds, Oxford, Newcastle and Birmingham
What was the most popular destination for internal migrants from London in 2015
the South East eg Southend or Chatham
By how much did London house prices increase between March 2007 and 2014
15%
What happened to house prices outside of London between March 2007 and 2014
they went down
In what areas of the UK did house prices fall especially quickly between March 2007 and 2014
South Wales and the North East (fell by 15%)
What does IMD stand for
index of multiple deprivation
What is the Index of Multiple Deprivation for
it ranks areas by how deprived they are and is made up of 7 subsections
What does the IMD for London look like
there are huge extremes with a mix of areas of the 10% least and 10% most deprived
In what areas of the UK are the largest proportion of over 65 year olds found
in peripheral coastal areas the proportion of over 65s can reach 30%
In what areas of the UK can the lowest proportions of ethnic minorities be found
in peripheral areas ethnic minorities can be below 14%
Where can the highest proportions of Christians be found in the UK
Northern England especially concentrated in Liverpool
What were the top source countries for non UK born residents in England and Wales in 2011
India, Poland and Pakistan
How did the number of Polish residents in the UK change
numbers shot up from almost nothing in 2001 to almost 750,000 in 2011
Why did the number of Polish UK residents increase so much between 2001 and 2011
Poland joined the EU in 2004
What were the top source countries for non UK born residents in England and Wales in 2017
Poland (1 million), Romania, Ireland, India
Why did the number of Romanian UK residents increase between 2011 and 2017
Romania joined the EU in 2007 but the UK did not let them settle until 10 years later
What area of the UK has the highest proportion of 1st generation migrants
Brent (55%)
What area of the UK has the lowest proportion of 1st generation migrants
Bleanau Gwent (2%)
How many of the top 10 richest people in the UK are Russian
3/10
Who is the wealthiest person in the UK
Len Blavatnik (Russian)
Why is the UK a desirable place to live for Russians
property market, less politically isolated (want to get money away from Putin), no safety problems for the rich, close to Russia
How many people moved around the UK in 2014?
2.9million
Which country in the UK is the only one to have a positive net migration rate for internal migration?
Scotland
Why is scotland the most popular country within the UK for internal migration
it has the highest life satisfaction figures according to the ONS
Which boroughs in london had the highest outflow rates in 2014
Newham, brent and Ealing
What area in the UK had the lowest net internal migration in 2014
london
Why did london have the lowest net internal migration in 2014 in the UK
many parents with young children move out of London, and many international migrant who first settle in London then choose to move elsewhere
What are push factors for moving out of London
bad environmental quality, higher levels of criminal activity, and higher rents and living costs
Why is there a high correlation between the inflow and outflow of people for areas in the UK
because areas with more migration have larger populations to start with– cities often have the highest turnover of people
What are causes for higher rates of internal migration
higher proportions of young people; more developed countries with greater urbanisation and higher income; higher levels of net international migration
Of what group are most people who leave London for elsewhere in the UK
30–40year olds with children who find it hard to afford homes in the city
What group make up the peak internal inflow into london
23 year olds (over 9000 arrived in 2014) who are young graduates seeking jobs in the UK– making London one of the youngest areas in the country
What group make up the peak outflow out of london for elsewhere in the UK
19 year olds (over 6000 left in 2014) who leave london for higher education
What does internal movement out of london but international movement into london cause
ethnicities and cultures moving into london from other areas in the world having more space to grow and develop– causing a reduction in the proportion of white brits in london
In 2011, what percentage of the UK population did immigrants from Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Romania make up
10.60%
By how much did the population of Boston, Lincolnshire grow from 2001 to 2011
15.90%
How many native jobseekers were there in Boston, lincolnshire in 2001
only 1500
What are 5 perceived positive impacts of migrants on Boston, lincolnshire
needed for work, especially manual labour on farms; increase in population supports services and wider job opportunities; immigrants opened shops despite economic recessions; brought social vitality as the population would otherwise be ageing; local economy diversified
What happened to wages in Boston as a result of migrants
the average hourly wage nationally is £13.33 but in Boston it is £9.13– on a weekly basis full–time earnings are more than £100 a week less than the national average because immigrants are willing to work longer for less
What has happened to politics in Boston as a result of migrants
rise in right–wing politics– UKIP targeted the area in its campiegns
What happened to housing in Boston as a result of migrants
local housing is poor and expensive as temporary migrants don’t mind bad quality housing as much. 10 single workers may each pay £60 a week to share a three–bedroom house– £600 is unaffordable for local families
Of what NHS services has there been a demand in Boston as a result of migrants
child services
What has happened at schools in boston as a result of migrants
some schools get £1000 funded per head for new arrivals with language problems as many children start school without knowing English, hindering integration and diverting money away from other services
What is the least integrated place in the country according to the think tank Policy Exchange
Boston, Lincolnshire– east europeans tend to work separately from the white majority
What has happened to service in boston as a result of migrants
they are under more pressure
How can migrants’ choice of spending in boston harm the local economy
some send remittances back home instead of spending in the local area
What is aiksaath?
It was created in order to counter act gang violence between those with an Asian background in kings cross
How successful is aiksaarth according to the local government
reduces gang violence in the local area through anti violence workshops. It helps to improve grades through workshops and support at schools
how successful is Aiksaarth according to the national government
anti extremism workshops reduces the number of young people interested and in contact with terrorist organisations
how successful is aiksaarth according to the local residents
Less violence on the streets and more local safety as Aik saarth promotes the condemnation of carrying knives
What partnership creates affordable housing Kings cross
the King’s Cross Central Limited Partnership (KCCLP)
How successful has the KCCLP been at creating affordable housing in Kings Cross according to the local and national governments
successful, but the delivery of social rented homes has always been dependent on public sector as well as a KCCLP subsidy
What was the plan for KCCLP affordable housing in Kings cross
the 2006 agreement provided for up to 750 affordable homes at Kings Cross
How many KCCLP homes are already completed in Kings cross
450 homes already delivered and underway
Why is the contining creation of KCCLP affordable housing in kings cross uncertain
the level of grant funding is no longer available
What did the Deed of variation achieve for the KCCLP housing project in kings cross
The Deed of Variation drawn up with Camden Council means that 127 more socially rented homes will be available including 64 family homes. There will also be 60 more homes for 1 person
Will HS2 be successful according to the local government
northern cities will be more connected but butterflies, bats and birds will lose habitat and biodiversity and historic buildings at risk in The Chilterns, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire and residents will experience noise pollution
What was the estimated budget of HS2
Estimated budget from £32.7bn to £42.6bn– the first phase from £16bn to £22bn
How many journeys from the air and roads will HS2 prevent
it is estimated that the new line could transfer 4.5 million journeys a year from the air and nine million from the roads helping the country reach environmental and pollution targets
What are the estimated fare revenues of HS2
estimates total fare revenues of up to £34bn over a 60–yr period
How has the building schedule of HS2 changed
The building should be accelerated to reach Crewe by 2027 instead of Birmingham by 2026 and the second phase could be completed by 2030 instead of 2033
How should HS2 decrease journey times
Journey time from London to Manchester Piccadilly should be reduced by an hour and times to Birmingham by half an hour
What impact will HS2 have on commuter routes
free up capacity on overcrowded commuter routes– could lead to people taking jobs further away from their local area
How will HS2 affect Old Oak Common
Old Oak Common in NW ldn will be a rail depot with 14 platforms which should support some 20,000 new jobs
What railway line would soon be full without HS2
The West Coast Main line will be full by 2024 without HS2
What areas will lose jobs due to HS2
Places further like Wales will lose jobs
Where will people lose their homes due to HS2
residents in Mexborough, South Yorkshire will lose their homes
What park will be demolished by HS2
some of Regent’s Park will be demolished
How many jobs will the London–Midlands section of HS2 create
Ministers claim that the London–Midlands section alone will create around 40,000 jobs
What is the difference between the amount of hate crimes reported in England and Wales, and those actually happening
The Crime Survey of England and Wales tells us hate crime is widely under reported and suggested that nationally there are about 278,000 hate crimes committed every year, with only about 43,000 being reported.
How have numbers of prosecutions for hate crimes changed in London
The number of prosecutions for hate crime offences in London remains static, with 1,517 in the six months to September 2014 compared to 3,001 in the previous twelve months
What type of hate crime is the most common in london
racist and religious offences represent the largest volume of offences of all categories
How many racist and religious offences are there per month
averaging approximately 890 offences per month in the year to September 2014
How did numbers of religious and racist offences increase from 2013 to 2014 in london
an increase of over 11% on the previous year
In london, what percentage of people prosecuted for hate crime are men
80% are male
In london what age group is the largest for people prosecuted for hate crime
almost 30% are aged between 20 and 29
in london what percentage of people prosecuted for hate crime are white british
45% are White British
How many crimes were there in stockwell between 2014 and 2019
> 2000
What is the trend for stockwell crime between 2014 and 2019
Unclear trend
By how much have flats in London increased in price
Risen by 98% between 2006 and 2019
By how much have flats in Camden increased in price
117% between 2006 and 2019
What problems do rural areas have with affordable housing creation
Restrictive building policies
What problems are common in rural economies
Lots of agricultural work and low earnings
What are four examples of commonly marginalised groups in rural UK
Older people\nYoung people\nLow paid manual workers\nDisabled and long term ill
What are examples of organisations that are part of the Lake District National Park Partnership
Environment agency\nNational trust\nNational farmers union\nForestry commission
What are the aims of the Lake District National Park Partnership
To improve:\nVisitor experience\nProsperous economy\nVibrant communities\nSpectacular landscapes
What does the percentage of white British people in the Lake District
Reaches 98% in some places
What does the local newspaper in the Lake District run stories on
Mainly talks about road accidents and congestion rates
Why is housing a struggle for locals in the Lake District
House prices are way above the average income of locals
What was the target for emissions in the Lake District and was it reached
The target 1% reduction in carbon emissions was not met for 2012 to 2013
How is the population size changing in the Lake District
2011 census showed a 2.5% decline in the overall population of the Lake District with those under 45 showing the highest decrease
How many people are employed in farming in the Lake District National park
2500
How reliant is the Lake District on agriculture for employment compared to the rest of the uk
On average it is 8–10 times more reliant on agriculture for employment than the rest of the uk
What proportion of the Lake District is farmland
28% of the total park area
What are the levels of self employment like in the Lake District
Levels of self employment in the park is almost double what it is nationally at almost 20%
How much does tourism contribute to the Lake District economy
£900million
How many people does the tourism industry employ in the Lake District
Just short of 15000
How are new business survival rates in the Lake District
For business starting up in 2008, 3yr survival rates were higher in Cumbria than the national average
What percentage of businesses in the national park think that the Lake District is a good place to do business
80% though that it was a good or very good place to do business
How many people visit the Lake District every year
15million
Of the total visitors to the Lake District every year, what percentage has already visited
85%
When was the Lake District National Park Partnership formed
2006
Why was the Lake District National Park Partnership formed
Because many organisations with a role in the Lake District did not have a real sense of involvement in the management
How many organisations are part of the Lake District National Park Partnership
24
What are 2 examples of how the Lake District National Park Partnership is working towards a Prosperous economy
Introducting and developing the skills of young people into the farm and Forestry sectors\nEnsuring broadband delivered to areas of the park through Connecting Cumbria
What are 3 examples of how the Lake District National Park Partnership are trying to make a good visitor experience
Making a new group to manage Access and Recreation in the county and identify priority projects\nApplied for the Lake District to be considered for World heritage site inscription by UNESCO in 2016\nGetting sm funding for the Fix the Fells upland path repair programme
What are two examples of how the Lake District National Park Partnership is creating vibrant communities
Ensuring that any funding through the Cumbria Local Enterprise Partnership increasing the availability of housing that people can afford\nSubmitting a proposal to the government that limits second home and holiday let ownership
What are two examples of how the Lake District National Park Partnership is creating spectacular landscape, wildlife and cultural heritage
Agreeing and commencing priority habitat restoration within Ullswater valley\nAgreeing that a project that promotes and delivered low carbon and energy efficient activity in the tourism sector
What is the percentage of unemployment like in the Lake District compared to the rest of the country
The percentage of people of working ages who are unemployed remains lower in the Lake District than nationally at 1.1% in Feb 2013
How have earnings in Cumbria changed
Increase in the median earnings of employees in Cumbria above the rate of inflation
How have the number of villages in the Lake District with services changed
From 2010 to 2013 the number of villiages with 5 services has reduced from 7 to 6
How have numbers of affordable housing changed in the Lake District
From April 2010 to March 2013 62 affordable local homes were created, with the target at 300
In what condition are the sites of special scientific interest in the Lake District
91% (2012) of the sites are in favourable or recovering condition
How are levels of private motor vehicles in the Lake District changing
77% of visitors used a private motor vehicle as their main mode of transport in 2009. This dropped to 73% in 2012
What percentage of people at working age have access to employment by public transport, cycling or walking in the Lake District
76% in 2011
What are the top three barriers to business efficiency in the Lake District
The way the local planning and development control system operates (42%)\nThe local road network and road access (35%)\nThe availability of parking for customers, staff, or deliveries (30%)
What is the most effective strategy for managing the Lake District in my opinion
The Cumbria Local Enterprise Partnership
Why is the Cumbria Local Enterprise Partnership the most effective management strategy for the Lake District
Most other industries are falling––numbers of farmers of falling, but businesses are starting up and employment rates and job seeker rates remain relatively stable
How is the net farm income in the Lake District changing
The net farm income in 2011 to 2012 was £9500, compared to the £20,000 in 2010 to 2011
