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block 12 module 4 > disturbances in Rhythm > Flashcards

disturbances in Rhythm Flashcards

1
Q

indications for ordering an ECG

A
  1. To determine cardiac rate
  2. define cardiac rhythm
  3. To diagnose old or new (MI)
  4. To identify conduction disturbances
  5. To aid in the diagnosis of heart diseases
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2
Q

3 reasons for using an ECG

A

detection of ischemia
arrhythmia
hypertrophy

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3
Q

rhythm is used to refer to what

A

part of the heart which controls activation sequence

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4
Q

12 lead ECG system includes

A

3 Bipolar leads
3 modified unipolar leads
6 precordial leads

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5
Q

why is there no unipolar lead for the right foot

A

it fxns as a ground lead

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6
Q

the 6 precordial leads are used to record

A

horizontal impulses

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7
Q

v4R is the most useful lead in recording a

A

R-sided ECG

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8
Q

15 lead ecg system is used in

A

pedia patients

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9
Q

Additional right precordial leads can be used to assess right ventricular abnormalities such as

A

hypertrophy and infarction

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10
Q

Electrode locations posterior to V6 can be used to help detect what

A

acute postero-lateral infarction

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11
Q

important in determination of the type of MI

A

ST-T wave

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12
Q

duration of ventricular depolarization and repolarization

A

QT interval

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13
Q

rate of atrial or sinus cycle

A

PP interval

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14
Q

rate of ventricular cycle

A

RR interval

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15
Q

Duration of P wave

A

<120 ms

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16
Q

duration of PR interval

A

120-220 ms

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17
Q

duration of QRS complex

A

<110-120

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18
Q

duration of corrected QT interval

A

440 - 460

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19
Q

PR interval is important in determining the presence of

A

1st deg AV block

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20
Q

Prolonged QT interval may mean

A

underlying malignancy

21
Q

T wave represents what?

A

repolarization of ventricles

22
Q

how do you monitor atrial repolarization?

A

electrophysiologic testing

23
Q

Left axis deviation is seen in

A

LVH

24
Q

what is cardiac axis

A

average direction of spread of the depolarization wave thru the ventricles

25
Q

Direction of the axis can be derived most easily from

A

QRS complex in leads I-III

26
Q

in px w/ 3rd deg AV block the firing of the electrical conduction comes from the

A

myocardium

27
Q

medical procedure by which a tachycardic heart or an arrhythmic one is converted to a state of having normal heart rhythm through the
use of electrical impulses or drugs.

A

cardioversion

28
Q

RR>100bpm
P wave is present before each QRS and all P waves are identical
PR interval =0.12-0.2
what is this

A

sinus tachycardia

29
Q

sinus arrhythmia in the elderly could signify the presence of

A

sinus node dysfunction

30
Q

An irregularly irregular sinus arrhythmia could indicate

A

atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.

31
Q

picket fence or saw toothed appearance

A

atrial flutter

32
Q

absence of discernible P wave

A

A-Fib

33
Q

most common causes of cardiac stroke in the elderly

A

A flutter and A fib

34
Q

in this rhythm P wave is either inverted absent or after QRS

A

Junctional rhythm

35
Q

in this rhythm there is a prematurely occuring QRS complex that is wide and bizarre looking

A

PVC

36
Q

series of PVC

A

v-tach

37
Q

why v-tach is not compatible with life

A

severe amt of v contractions does not allow enough time to fill the v which will lead to cardiac standstill, sudden death is common

38
Q

2 most common dysrhythmia occuring in the 1st hr of MI that could cause death

A

v tach and v fib

39
Q

absenece of any discernible wave form

A

v-fib

40
Q

There is extreme sinus bradycardia with irregular idioventricular rhythm and occasional atrial activity.

A

agonal rhythm

41
Q

flat line

A

asystole (ventricular standstill)

42
Q

this is usu 2ndary to epi or norepi overdose

A

accelerated idioventricular rhythm

43
Q

describe a sinoatrial escape

A

There are the same PQRS complexes but with an atrial escape rhythm.There are the same PQRS complexes but with an atrial escape rhythm

44
Q

There is progressive prolongation of the P-R interval with each succeeding beat until one P wave occurs without a QRS, that is to say a dropped beat.

A

2nd degree AV block type 1 wenkebach

45
Q

There is a dropped beat without prolongation of the P-R interval

A

type 2 2nd deg AV block

46
Q

2nd deg AV block is usu due to a block in

A

AV bundle on the tricuspid

47
Q

where is the block if vent rate is around 60 and a narrowed QRS complex (3rd deg AVB)

A

above the bundle of His

48
Q

Vent rate and QRS in Infrahisian type AVB

A

V rate is around 40 and wide QRS

block 12 module 4 (2 decks)

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