Distributed Generation Flashcards
How many Tiers of ITE site infrastructure support are there?
4
What does SPOF stand for?
Single Point of Failure
A tier __ system is the most common, typically small, and less critical. They are somewhat prone to failure, because that have multiple points of failure. They are backup with no redundancy.
Tier 1 (N)
A tier __ system has redundancy for ONLY select loads, such as UPS’s and cooling equipment.
Tier 2 (N+1)
A tier __ system has double the need for the center, allowing it to be concurrently maintained.
Tier 3 (2N)
A tier __ system is completely redundant, and then some, for the entire ITE. It is very fault-tolerant.
Tier 4 (2N+1)
What does CRAC stand for?
Computer Room Air Conditioning
What are the three basic types of credentials for security?
- ) What you have (Key cards, badges, etc)
- ) What you know (PIN, password, code)
- ) Who you are (Biometrics)
What does UPS stand for?
Uninterruptible Power Supply
What are the five different types of UPS?
- ) Standby
- ) Rotary
- ) Line-Interactive
- ) Delta Conversion On-Line
- ) Double Conversion On-Line
Which type of UPS is typically very small, and is usually connected to personal computers?
Standby
Which type of UPS is an early design, using a rectifier to provide power to a DC motor/generator which supplies AC to the equipment, while also charging the battery. Upon loss of power, the battery maintains the speed of the DC motor/generator.
Rotary.
Which type of UPS is used for small businesses, Web, and departmental services, with an inverter always on and connected to the output of the UPS. (When power fails, the inverter is ran backwards from the battery to feed equipment)
Line-Interactive
Which type of UPS is the most recent design, which uses an AC to AC conversion process in conjunction with an AC/DC/AC power path? (Excellent Voltage Regulation and Highly Efficient)
Delta Conversion On-Line
Which type of UPS changes all AC input to DC, charging the battery, and feeding the inverter which delivers AC power to the equipment? (Excellent Voltage and Frequency Regulation)
Double Conversion On-Line
UPS’s are sized in which measure of Power?
VA (Apparent Power)
In power quality measurement, 1 is considered ____. (Where True and Apparent power are the same)
Unity
It is good practice to only load a UPS to __% of its capacity.
80%
What is a Parallel Redundant System?
A system using two or more independent UPS modules, with two separate input/output feeders.
What is a Distributed Redundant System?
The most commonly used type of system used today, containing multiple PDU’s and Solid State Transfer Switches. It can switch within one cycle (1/60th of a second)
____-____ testing is done at the manufacturer’s facility before the equipment is shipped to the job site. The IT manager may request a copy of the test results.
Factory-Acceptance
____ is when proper function of a system or machine is tested, verified, and signed off on. It is done after installation is completed. The system/machine is usually tested at 100% capacity to verify integrity.
Commissioning
What is the most common reason that ITE centers lose power?
Human error.
Sometimes the ____ service conductor is oversized to handle higher currents caused by harmonics in a facility.
Neutral (Grounded)
____ Fuel Cells use liquid phosphoric acid and ceramic electrolyte and a platinum catalyst. They are used not only to produce electricity but heat for large facilities such as hospitals, schools, manufacturing and processing centers.
PAFC (Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell)
____ fuel cells are the highest temperature fuel cell, operating at about 1800 degrees Fahrenheit. They use a dense layer of ceramic as an electrolyte, which at high temperatures allows for the conductivity of oxygen ions. They are used for a large range of applications from residential, to greater buildings and businesses.
SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell)
