Distress and Urgency

Question 1

INCERFA: This phase will be declared by the appropriate authority when -

(A) a radio equipped aircraft maintaining radio contact is not in communication within __ minutes after:

1. ___ of the next ________ point
2. pre-arranged or scheduled reporting time

(B) an aircraft is _____ or _______ to be subject to _______ operation
(C) an aircraft which is operating on an “SAR at destination only” flight plan is not in contact with the ________ aerodrome within _ ____ after ___; or
(D) an aircraft which is flying on a flight plan stipulating SAR action after a _______ time ____ to ____ or is not in ______ with the ATSU by the time _______ in the flight plan and preliminary checks fail to reveal the whereabouts of the aircraft; or
(E) an aircraft which is proceeding to an ________ aerodrome, but which is operating on an SAR action flight plan, _____ to report _____ by the time _______ in the flight plan and preliminary checks fail to reveal the whereabouts of the aircraft

Answer 1

(A) a radio equipped aircraft maintaining radio contact is not in communication within 30 minutes after:

1. ETA at the next reporting point; or
2. pre-arranged or scheduled reporting time

(B) an aircraft is known or believed to be subject to irregular operation

(C) an aircraft which is operating on an “SAR at destination only” flight plan is not in contact with the destination aerodrome within 1 hour after ETA; or
(D) an aircraft which is flying on a flight plan stipulating SAR action after a specified time fails to arrive or is not in contact with the ATSU by the time specified in the flight plan and preliminary checks fail to reveal the whereabouts of the aircraft; or
(E) an aircraft which is proceeding to an unmanned aerodrome, but which is operating on an SAR ac- tion flight plan, fails to report arrival by the time specified in the flight plan and preliminary checks fail to reveal the whereabouts of the aircraft.

Question 2

ALERFA. This phase will be declared by the appropriate authority when –

(A) following an INCERFA declared because of failure to report or loss of communication, subsequent ______ to establish ____________ with the aircraft or enquiries to other relevant sources __ to _____ any news of the aircraft; or
(B) _________ has been received which indicates that the _________ efficiency of the aircraft has been _______ but not to the _____ that a ______ ______ is likely; or
(c) an aircraft is known to be ________ in other than ______ circumstances or is ___ and there is reason to believe that in consequence the safe conduct of the flight is in _______.

Answer 2

(A) following an INCERFA declared because of failure to report or loss of communication, subsequent attempts to establish communication with the aircraft or enquiries to other relevant sources fail to reveal any news of the aircraft; or

(B) information has been received which indicates that the operating efficiency of the aircraft has been impaired but not to the extent that a forced landing is likely; or

(c) an aircraft is known to be operating in other than normal circumstances or is lost and there is reason to believe that in consequence the safe conduct of the flight is in jeopardy

Question 3

DETRESFA. This phase will be declared by the appropriate authority when -

(A) following an ______ declared because of _____ to _____ or ___ of communication, further _________ attempts to establish communication with the aircraft and more _________ unsuccessful enquiries that point to the probability that the aircraft is in distress; or
(B) the ____ on board, as stated on the ____ ___, is considered to be ________ or to be ________ to enable the aircraft to ____ safety; or
(C) information is received which indicates that the ________ efficiency of an aircraft has been ________ to the extent that a _____ landing is _____; or
(D) information is received which indicates that an aircraft is _____ to _____, or has _____ a _____ landing, has ______ or ______; or
(E) an aircraft which has been given ________ or ______ instructions at an aerodrome, ___ to ____ within _ minutes of the _______ landing time and ____________ cannot be re-established before the expiration of the __ minute period; or
(F) an aircraft ___ to _____ after take-off when instructed or expected to do so and ____________ cannot be re-established before the expiration of _ minutes.

Answer 3

(A) following an ALERFA declared because of failure to report or loss of communication, further wide- spread attempts to establish communication with the aircraft and more widespread unsuccessful enqui- ries point to the probability that the aircraft is in distress; or

(B) the fuel on board, as stated on the flight plan, is considered to be exhausted or to be insufficient to enable the aircraft to reach safety; or

(C) information is received which indicates that the operating efficiency of an aircraft has been impaired to the extent that a forced landing is likely; or

(D) information is received which indicates that an aircraft is about to make, or has made a forced lan- ding, has ditched or crashed; or

(E) an aircraft which has been given approach or landing instructions at an aerodrome, fails to land within 5 minutes of the estimated landing time and communication cannot be re-established before the expiration of the 5 minute period; or

(F) an aircraft fails to report after take-off when instructed or expected to do so and communication cannot be re-established before the expiration of 5 minutes.

Question 4

The emergency frequencies are -

Answer 4

1. 121.5Mhz
2. 243Mhz
3. 2182Khz
4. 406Mhz(ELT SAT)