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geography > distinctive landscapes > Flashcards

distinctive landscapes Flashcards

1
Q

Erosion

what is erosion?

A

the process of rock being worn away by the movement of wind, water or ice

requires movement

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2
Q

Erosion

what are the 4 types of erosion?

A
  • corrasion/abrasion
  • atrition
  • solution
  • hydralic action

CASH

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3
Q

CASH

what is corrasion/abrasion?

A

bits of rock and sand thrown at the base of the cliff breaking it down like sandpaper

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4
Q

CASH

what is attrition?

A

waves smash rocks and pebbles into eachother and they become smaller and rounder

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5
Q

CASH

what is solution/corrosion?

A

weak acids contained in sea water will dissolve some rocks such as chalk and limestone

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6
Q

CASH

what is hydralic action?

A

air may become trapped in joints or cracks in cliffs,when a wave breaks the air is compressed and weakens the cliffs and causes erosion

force of the water

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7
Q

Weathering

what is weathering?

A

the instu breakdown of rock

does not require movement

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8
Q

Weathering

what are the 3 types of weathering

A
  • biological
  • mechanical (physical)
  • chemical
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9
Q

Weathering

what is biological weathering?

A

rocks that have been broken down by living organisms

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10
Q

Weathering

what is mechanical weathering

A

caused by the physical action of wind water or ice

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11
Q

Weathering

what is chemical weathering

A

chemicals within rainwater dissolving the rock

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12
Q

Mechanical Weathering

what are the stages to freeze-thaw?

A
  1. water seeps in the cracks and fractures in the rock
  2. when the water freezes it expands and wedges apart the rocks
  3. with repeated freeze-thaw cycles the rock breaks off
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13
Q

what are the 5 elements to landscapes?
give examples

A
  • physical - mountains, valleys, upperlands
  • human - buildings, roads, bridges
  • transistory - weather
  • water - ocean, river, lakes
  • living - trees, animals, grass
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14
Q

what is relief?

A

the way the landscape changes in height

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15
Q

what have humans done to landscapes

A

farming, infastructure, hunting, deforestation

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16
Q

what are the 3 types of rock

A
  • sedimentary
  • metamorphic
  • igneous
17
Q

what is sedimentary rock?

A

made from compressed fragements of rock

18
Q

what is metamorphic rock?

A

rock that is distorted by heat and pressure

19
Q

what is igneous rock?

A

volcanic/molten rock which has cooled down into solid rock

geography (1 decks)

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