Distinctive Landscape

Question 1

Erosion

Answer 1

A geomorphic process involving the breakdown of material through water (ocean or rivers)

Question 2

Weathering

Answer 2

A geomorphic process which involves the breakdown of materials through atmospheric and biological actions

Question 3

Mechanical weathering

Answer 3

Freeze thaw action:
cracks in rocks fill with water that freezes at night,
ice expands by 9% causing pressure on rock. cracks get bigger and the cycle continues

Question 4

Chemical weathering

Answer 4

water reacts with certain minerals. minerals are weakened when exposed to air (oxidation). rocks like chalk and limestone, are affected by solutions

Question 5

Biological weather

Answer 5

Rocks and land on coast broken down by living organisms, plants and animals.They make cracks which water can then penetrate.

Question 6

4 types of erosion

Answer 6

Hydraulic action
Abrasion
Attrition
Corrosion

Question 7

Hydraulic action

Answer 7

water enters cracks in bank and compresses air, when water levels reduce the air expands causing a mini explosion.

Question 8

Abrasion

Answer 8

Bank or channel is worn down by materials carried by the river flow like rocks and stones

Question 9

Attrition

Answer 9

Rocks and stones bump into each other, smoothed down and into smaller pieces

Question 10

Corrosion

Answer 10

Chemical breakdown of rock

acids from rain dissolve rocks on bank surface.

Question 11

4 transportation of sediment

Answer 11

Traction
Suspension
Saltation
Solution

Question 12

Traction

Answer 12

Large boulders and rocks carried along river bed by water flow, scraping floor as they do so.

Question 13

Suspention

Answer 13

Small pebbles and stones bounce along bed in small jumps

Question 14

saltation

Answer 14

Very fine material carried by water flow. Water appears murky

Question 15

Solution

Answer 15

Some types of sediment like minerals are dissolved in water and carried along in solution

Question 16

3 Hypotheses

Answer 16

1: bed load will become smaller and less angular from the upper course to the lower course
2: Width and depth will increase along the long profile
3: The velocity of the river will increase from the upper course to lower course