Distillation Flashcards
1
Q
What is a mixture?
A
- Mixture of two or more substances
- Not chemically combined
- Can be seperated
2
Q
When is simple distillation used?
A
- Separate solutions
3
Q
What is the process of simple distillation?
A
- Solution heated
- Lower boiling point solution evaporates in condenser
- Cools, condenses and collected into a beaker
- Other solutions left in flask
4
Q
What solution can you separate with simple distillation?
A
- Saltwater
5
Q
What are the problems of simple distillation?
A
- Can only be used with solutions of very different boiling temperatures
6
Q
When is fraction distillation used?
A
- To separate mixed (miscible) liquids
7
Q
What is the process of fractional distillation?
A
- Flask with solution, with a fractional column on it, heated
- Solution with lower boiling point evaporates, passes through beads and condenses in condenser
- Solution with higher boiling point evaporates, rises, condenses and runs back down to the flask
8
Q
How does a fractional distillation column work?
A
- High temperature at bottom (higher boiling point cools here)
- Low temperature at top (lower boiling point cools here)
