Disteibutive Justice

Question 1

Many criminal issues stem directly from ______ factors

Answer 1

Socioeconomic

Question 2

What are theories of distributive Justice

Answer 2

Egalitarianism, “Meritalism”, liberalism, utilitarianism, libertarianism

Question 3

Each member of society should get equal shares of the burdens and benefits

Answer 3

Egalitarianism

Question 4

What are two pros of egalitarianism

Answer 4

• embraces that all people are created equal

- earnings are 100% correlated to work

Question 5

What are the cons of egalitarianism

Answer 5

• personal strengths and weaknesses are not considered
• how do we compare different jobs
• punishment for not working instead of incentives to work
• population is constantly changing

Question 6

Each member of society should be rewarded in proportion for his or her contribution to society

Answer 6

Meritalism

Question 7

What are the pros to meritalism

Answer 7

• creates incentive to work

- earnings are 100% correlated to work

Question 8

What are the cons to meritalism

Answer 8

• no way to define production or contribution
• how do we measure contribution once it is defined
• what is lack of contribution is not ones fault

Question 9

Who is the most notable proponent to liberalism

Answer 9

John Rawls

Question 10

What is maximizing the worst possible outcome

Answer 10

The maximin strategy

Question 11

What is inequalities are ok if it benefits all

Answer 11

Difference principle

Question 12

Justice as fairness

Answer 12

Liberalism

Question 13

What are the pros of liberalism

Answer 13

• provides a realistic framework for Justice

- creates empathy for those in disadvantage positions

Question 14

What are the cons of liberalism

Answer 14

• would people really choose maximin or would they gamble

- is it about wealth of opportunity

Question 15

Who are the two proponents of utilitarianism

Answer 15

Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart mill

Question 16

Actions are right if they promote collective happiness but wrong if they do not promote collective happiness

Answer 16

Utilitarianism

Question 17

Happiness is…

Answer 17

Pleasure in the absence of pain

Question 18

Unhappiness is…

Answer 18

Pain and the absence of pleasure

Question 19

What are the pros of utilitarianism

Answer 19

• concerned with the whole instead of the individual

- cares about happiness and not just money or goods

Question 20

What are the cons of utilitarianism

Answer 20

• peop desire their own happiness not the happiness of others
• isn’t it wrong to harm on for the benefit of all

Question 21

What is also known as the entitlement theory

Answer 21

Libertarianism

Question 22

It is always unjust to interfere with the liberty of an individual

Answer 22

Libertarianism

Question 23

What are the three principles of justice

Answer 23

Transfer, acquisition, and rectification

Question 24

Items that are freely acquired from another are justly acquired

Answer 24

Transfer

Question 25

Items that were previously unowned are justly acquired

Answer 25

Acquisition

Question 26

Items that are acquire unjustly must be returned to the previous owner

Answer 26

Rectification

Question 27

What are the pros of libertarianism

Answer 27

• establishes freedom to make own choices

- much simpler and realistic than others

Question 28

What are the cons of libertarianism

Answer 28

• how do determine original acquisition

- should people be protected from themselves

Question 29

The socially just allocation of goods in society

Answer 29

Distributive Justice