Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BMB > Dissection Notecards > Flashcards

Dissection Notecards Flashcards

1
Q

The external jugular vein is formed by the joining of the

A

Posterior division of the retromandibular vein and the posterior auricular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What vein passes deep to the SCM muscle to join the external jugular vein in the root of the neck

A

Anterior jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck

A

Anterior- posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
Posterior- anterior brother of the trapezius
Inferior- middle 1/3 of the clavicle
Superior roof- deep cervical fascia
Deep- muscles of the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The platysma muscle is innervated by

A

The cervical branch of the facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The external jugular vein drains into the

A

Subclavian vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nerves of the posterior triangle of the neck

A

Great auricular nerve- skin to the lower part of the ear to the angle of the mandible to the mastoid process
Lesser occipital nerve- scalp immediately behind the ear
Transverse cervical nerve- skin of anterior triangle of neck
Supraclavicular nerve- pass inferiorly to innervate the skin of the shoulder

Accessory nerve- innervates the SCM and the trapezius. Branches of spinal nerves C3-C4 join the accessory nerve in the posterior cervical triangle and these branches provide proprioceptive sensory innervation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Diaphragmatic pain referred to the shoulder

A

The supraclavicular nerves and the phrenic nerve (supplying the diaphragm) share a common origin from spinal cord segments C3 and C4. Irritation of the diaphragmatic parental pleura or parietal peritoneum covering the diaphragm (from an enlarged gall bladder) produces pain that is carried by the phrenic nerve and referred to the area supplied by the supraclavicular nerves (shoulder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is contained within the carotid sheath

A

Common carotid artery (internal carotid at more superior levels), internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The anterior triangle is subdivided by what muscles

A

Dig Astrid and omohyoid muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Contents of the muscular triangle

Boundaries

A

Infrahyoid muscle, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands

Superior belly of the omohyoid
Anterior border of the SCM
Median plane of the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sternohyoid muscle function

A

Depresses the hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Omohyoid bellies attachments and function

A

Superior belly is attached to the hyoid bone and the inferior belly is attached to the superior border of the scapula near the suprascapular notch

Depresses the hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sternothyroid muscle- superior attachment and function

A

Oblique line of the thyroid cartilage

Depresses the larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thyrohyoid muscle inferior attachment and function

A

Oblique line of the thyroid cartilage

Elevates the larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The ansa cervicalis innervates 3 out of the 4 infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Contents of the submandibular triangle and borders

A

Submandibular gland, facial artery, facial vein, stylohyoid muscle, part of the hypoglossal nerve and lymph nodes

Digastric muscle bellies- anterior and posterior
Inferior border of the mandible
Deep/floor- mylohyoid muscle and hypoglossus muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A portion of the submandibular gland extends deep to the posterior surface of what

A

The mylohyoid muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Artery and vein associated with the submandibular gland

A

The facial vein passes superficial the the gland and the facial artery courses deep to the gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Digastric muscle- attachment, innervation, and function

A

The anterior belly is innervated by the mylohyoid nerve, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.
The posterior belly is innervated by the facial nerve and attaches to the mastoid process
The two bellies attach to each other by the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle. The tendon is attached to the body and the greater horn of the hyoid bone by a fibrous sling.

Elevates the hyoid bone and depresses the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What straddles the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle

A

The stylohyoid muscle tendon- attaches to the body of the hyoid by doing so

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The stylohyoid muscle is innervated by and function

A

Facial nerve

Elevates the hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Submental triangle boundaries

A

Unpaired triangle that crosses the midline- only has lymph nodes in it

Anterior bellies of the left and right digastric muscles
Inferior hyoid bone
Floor- mylohyoid muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The mylohyoid muscle attachment

A

Mylohyoid line of the mandible and hyoid bone and the mylohyoid raphe

Supports the floor of the oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Contents of the carotid triangle

Boundaries

A

Common, internal and external carotid arteries, part of the hypoglossal nerve, and branches of the vagus nerve

Superior belly of the omohyoid, anterior border of the SCM, posterior belly of the digastric muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The hypoglossal nerve carries axons of

A

Spinal nerve C1 that branch off as the nerve to the thyrohyoid muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The superior root of the ansa cervicalis travels with

A

The hypoglossal nerve.
Composed mainly of C1 fibers
The inferior root of the ansa cervicalis (C2, C3) passes around the carotid sheath to join the superior root to form a loop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What nerve passes through the thyrohyoid membrane

A

Internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve- supplies sensory fibers to the mucosa of the larynx

28
Q

The internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve joins

A

The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve to form the superior laryngeal nerve
The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve supplies the cricothyroid muscle and part of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle

29
Q

The carotid sheath contains

A

The common carotid, the internal carotid, the internal jugular vein, and the vagus nerve

30
Q

Largest tributaries of the internal jugular vein

A

Lateral to the common carotid artery in the carotid sheath

Common facial, superior thyroid, and middle thyroid vein

31
Q

Origin of the external carotid artery

A

Superior border of the thyroid cartilage

Passes on the medial side of and deep to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle

32
Q

6 branches of the external carotid in the carotid triangle

A

Superior thyroid artery- level of the superior horn of the thyroid cartilage. Descends to the superior lobe of the thyroid gland. Branches to the superior laryngeal artery, which pierces the thyrohyoid membrane with the superior laryngeal nerve.
Lingual artery- leave of the greater horn of the hyoid bone, passes deeply to the muscles of the tongue
Facial artery- immediately superior to the lingual artery.
Has branches of occipital, posterior auricular, and ascending pharyngeal arteries.

33
Q

At the bifurcation of the common carotid artery is the

A

Carotid sinus, a dilation of the origin of the internal carotid.
The wall of the carotid sinus contains pressoreceptors that monitor blood pressure. Innervated by glossopharyngeal and the vagus nerve

34
Q

The carotid body

A

Small mass of tissue located on the medial aspect of the carotid bifurcation. Monitors changes in oxygen and CO2 concentration in the blood. Innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve and the vagus

35
Q

What vertebral levels are the thyroid gland located

A

C5-T1

36
Q

The right and left inferior thyroid veins drain into

A

The right and left brachiocephalic veins

37
Q

The thyroidea ima artery

A

Enter the thyroid gland from inferiorly, near the midline

Rare, clinically significant variant

38
Q

What nerve passes immediately posterior to the lobe of the thyroid gland in the groove between the trachea and esophagus

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

39
Q

Thyroid tumor or thyroidectomy in the clinic

A

The recurrent laryngeal nerve can be injured and paralysis of the laryngeal muscles will occur on the affected side. The result is hoarseness of the voice.

Parathyroid glands may be damaged or removed- at least one must be retained during a surgery

40
Q

The subclavian vein lies and is joined by

A

Lies anterior to the anterior scalene muscle

Joined medially by the internal jugular to form the brachiocephalic vein

41
Q

The thoracic ducts drain into the

A

Subclavian and internal jugular veins

42
Q

The right subclavian artery is a branch of
The left subclavian artery is a branch of
The subclavian lie between

A

Brachiocephalic trunk
Aortic arch

The anterior and middle scalene muscles with the supraclavicular parts of the brachial plexus

43
Q

3 parts of the subclavian artery

A

1- from its origin to the medial border of the anterior scalene muscle
2- posterior to the anterior scalene muscle
3- between the lateral border of the anterior scalene and lateral border of the first rib

44
Q

The branches of the first part of the subclavian artery

A

Internal thoracic artery- passes inferiorly to supply the anterior thoracic wall
Thyrocervical trunk- anteriosuperior surface. Has 3 branches.
Vertebral artery- superiorly between the anterior scalene and longus colli muscle. Superiorly into the transverse foramen of vertebra C6

45
Q

3 branches of the thyrocervical trunk

A

Transverse cervical artery- supplies trapezius
Suprascapular artery- to the suprascapular notch, superior to the transverse scapular ligament and supplies the spinatus muscles
Inferior thyroid artery- medially towards the thyroid gland. Gives off the ascending cervical artery.

46
Q

The second parent of the subclavian artery branch

A

Costocervical trunk- divides into the deep cervical artery and the supreme intercostal artery, which give rise to posterior intercostal arteries 1 and 2.

47
Q

The third part of the subclavian artery branch

A

Dorsal scapular artery- between the superior and middle trunks of the supraclavicular part of the brachial plexus to supply scapular region
Can also arise from the thyrocervical trunk

48
Q

The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch of what nerve

A

The vagus

49
Q

What nerve passes vertically down the anterior surface of the anterior scalene muscle posterior to the transverse cervical and suprascapular arteries

A

Phrenic nerve

50
Q

The anterior and middle scalene muscles attach to

Clinically Relevant triangle

A

The first rib. These 3 make up the interscalene triangle
The subclavian artery and roots of the brachial plexus pass between the anterior and middle scalene muscles through this triangle. When there are additional muscular slips, an accessory cervical rib, or exostosis on the first rib, the triangle can be narrowed, causing the subclavian artery and/or roots of the brachial plexus to be compressed, resulting in ischemia or nerve dysfunction in upper limb

51
Q

The lingula is the attachment for the

A

Sphenomandibular ligament

52
Q

Mandibular foramen houses

A

The inferior alveolar nerve, artery and vein

53
Q

Boundaries of the infratemporal fossa

A

Zygomatic arch and infratemporal crest of the sphenoid bone
Ramus of the mandible laterally
The infratemporal surface of the maxilla anteriorly
Lateral plate of the ptyergoid process medially
Great wing of the sphenoid - roof

54
Q

The masseter muscle

A

Inferior border of the zygomatic arch and the lateral surface of the ramus of the mandible
Elevates the mandible to close the jaw and protrudes it. Innervated by the masseter is branch of the mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

55
Q

The inferior attachment of the temporalis muscle

Fibers of the temporalis

A

Coronoid process of the mandible

Anterior portion- vertical fibers that elevate the mandible
Posterior portion- horizontal fibers that allow retrusion of the mandible

56
Q

Deep temporal nerves

A

Branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal

57
Q

2 heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Anterior attachment of the superior head- infratemporal surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid
Anterior attachment of the inferior head- lateral plate of the pterygoid process
Posterior attachment are the temporomandibular joint and neck of mandible
Depresses and protrudes the mandible (opens jaw)

58
Q

Inferior to the lateral pterygoid muscle vascular bundle

Run

A

Inferior alveolar nerve, artery, and vein

Run through the mandibular foramen and pass distally into the mandibular canal

59
Q

What nerve arises from the inferior alveolar nerve

A

The mylohyoid nerve- just before it enters the mandibular foramen and runs in the mylohyoid groove

Mental nerve- through mental foramen to innervate the chin and lower lip

60
Q

The inferior alveolar nerve provides

A

Sensory info to the mandibular teeth

61
Q

Nerve located anteriorly to the inferior alveolar nerve

A

Lingual nerve- passes medial to the third mandibular molar and innervates the mucosa of the anterior two thirds of the tongue and floor of oral cavity

62
Q

The lingual and inferior alveolar nerve pass between

A

The inferior border of the lateral pterygoid muscle and the medial pterygoid muscle- used as guides to separate the two muscles

63
Q

Medial pterygoid muscle

A

Proximal attach to the maxilla and the medial surface of the lateral plate of the pterygoid process
Distal attach to the inner surface of the ramus of the mandible
Elevates and protrudes the jaw (closes it)

64
Q

The external carotid artery bifurcates into what two arteries in the infratemporal fossa

A

Maxillary and superficial temporal arteries

65
Q

Branches of the maxillary artery

A

Middle meningeal artery- passes superiorly through a split in the auriculotemporal nerve through the foramen spinosum
Deep temporal arteries- deep surface of temporalis muscle
Masseteric artery- mandibular notch to deep masseter muscle
Inferior alveolar artery- mandibular foramen
Buccal artery- supply cheek

66
Q

The maxillary artery courses toward-

Before disappearing it divides into four branches

A

Pterygomaxillary fissure

Posterior superior alveolar artery (enters the infratemporal surface of the maxilla- pterygopalantine fissure), infraorbital artery, descending palatine artery, sphenopalatine artery

BMB (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions