Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorder & Gender Dysphoria

Question 1

Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders

Answer 1

issues in self-regulation of emotions and behaviors, typically onset in childhood to adolescence.

Question 2

Gender Dysphoria - Dr. Z

Answer 2

persistent disconnect between assigned gender at birth and experienced or expressed gender identity, leading to distress or impairment.

Treatment options may include psychosocial therapy, hormone replacement therapy (MTF or FTM), and non-genital feminization or masculinization.

Question 3

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Answer 3

Criteria include persistent irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness lasting at least six months, with specific symptoms like angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, and vindictiveness.
Behaviors must distress the individual or others in their social circles and impact important areas of functioning.

Question 4

Prevalence and Risk Factors: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Answer 4

Prevalence is around 3.3%, more common in boys before adolescence.

Risk factors include temperamental, environmental, and genetic/physiological influences.

Question 5

ODD vs ADHD

Answer 5

ODD characterized by irritable mood, defiance, and vindictiveness, while ADHD involves impulsive aggression and outbursts disproportionate to provocation.
ADHD commonly co-occurs with Conduct Disorder.

Question 6

Intermittent Explosive Disorder

Answer 6

Involves recurrent impulsive aggression episodes, verbal outbursts, or physical attacks, occurring unexpectedly.

Question 7

Prevalence and Risk Factors: Intermittent Explosive Disorder

Answer 7

1-year prevalence in the U.S. is 2.6%, higher in African-American and Caribbean Black adolescents.
Risk factors involve environmental and genetic/physiological influences.
occurs during late childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood.

Question 8

Conduct Disorder

Answer 8

Criteria include aggression, destruction of property, deceitfulness, and serious rule violations.
Subtypes may involve limited prosocial emotions.

Question 9

Prevalence and Risk Factors: Conduct Disorder

Answer 9

Prevalence rates increase from childhood to adolescence, with onset often in preschool years.
Risk factors include temperamental, environmental, and genetic/physiological influences.

Question 10

Pyromania

Answer 10

Criteria involve intentional fire setting, preceding tension or emotional arousal, fascination with fire, and pleasure from the act.
Key features include multiple fire-setting episodes, curiosity about fire, and preparation for starting fires.
occurs during childhood or adolescence

Question 11

Prevalence and Risk Factors: Pyromania

Answer 11

Unknown population prevalence, with lifetime prevalence reported around 1.0%-1.1%.
Risk factors may include antisocial personality disorder, substance use disorders, bipolar disorders, and gambling disorder.

Question 12

Kleptomania

Answer 12

-Characterized by recurrent impulses to steal unnecessary items, often with tension before theft and pleasure during the act.
-Risk factors exclude associations with anger, vengeance, delusions, or hallucinations.
-occurs during adolescence or early adulthood.
Treatment may involve behavior therapy, parent management therapy, social skills training, and multisystemic therapy.

Question 13

What is the difference between conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder?

Answer 13

-Conduct Disorder involves consistent rule-breaking and aggression, involves more severe behaviors, such as aggression towards people or animals, destruction of property, or deceitfulness
-Oppositional Defiant Disorder is characterized by a persistent pattern of irritable mood and defiant behavior, marked by a pattern of angry or irritable mood, argumentative behavior, and defiance towards authority figures.

Question 14

Identify the similarities and differences between Oppositional Defiant Disorder and
ADHD

Answer 14

-Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is characterized by defiant, argumentative behavior towards authority figures,
-ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) involves symptoms like inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
-Both disorders can coexist in some individuals, leading to overlapping symptoms such as difficulty following rules or instructions.
- However, ODD primarily involves defiance and hostility towards authority figures, while ADHD focuses more on attention difficulties and hyperactive-impulsive behaviors.

Question 15

What is the duration that symptoms (verbal outbursts and behavioral outbursts) must be
present for the diagnosis of Intermittent Explosive Disorder

Answer 15

be present for at least three months. This duration helps differentiate it from typical anger or irritability.

Question 16

differentiate between criteria for diagnosing Gender Dysphoria in children
versus adults and adolescents

Answer 16

In children, the emphasis is on behaviors like expressing a desire to be the other gender, while in adults and adolescents, the focus may include a strong desire to be treated as the other gender.

Question 17

Is it possible for individuals who experience Gender Dysphoria to experience zero
Gender Dysphoria? Why or why not?

Answer 17

Individuals who experience Gender Dysphoria cannot experience zero Gender Dysphoria, as the condition is characterized by persistent distress due to a mismatch between assigned and experienced gender. The distress is a core aspect of Gender Dysphoria and is essential for diagnosis and treatment.

Question 18

Why is persistent distress a key component of Gender Dysphoria?

Answer 18

it signifies the emotional discomfort and anguish experienced by individuals due to the misalignment between their assigned gender at birth and their true gender identity
PTSD

Question 19

What are some of the symptoms faced by individuals who experience Gender Dysphoria

Answer 19

desire for a different gender, cross-dressing, and a preference for activities typically associated with the opposite gender