Disruptions to energy pathways Flashcards
What is an energy supply pathway?
Any movement of fossil fuels or electricity from supplier to consumer e.g. pipelines for oil and gas, electricity grids and shipping routes
Reasons causing disruption:
- Accidents e.g. Gulf (1) in 2010
- Natural hazards e.g. 2011 tsunami damaged (2)
- (3) attack
1 - oil spill
2 - nuclear power plant in Japan
3 - terrorist
Reasons causing disruption:
- (1) tension e.g. 2012 Iran threatened to cut supply to (2)
- (3) activity affected oil deliveries in the Pacific Ocean
- Economic dispute e.g. 2009 (4)
1 - Political
2 - USA
3 - Somalian pirate
4 - Ukraine-Russia dispute
Describe ‘Trans-Action’
A pressure group that was formed by independent truck owners who protested at oil refineries causing blockades of facilities and rising fuel prices
Russian gas to Europe:
- World’s (1) largest producer of gas
- Russian exports accounted for (2) of Europe’s gas
- Pipeline constructed in (3) with Western funding to provide (4)
1 - 2nd
2 - 39%
3 - 1984
4 - Soviet gas
Russian gas to Europe:
- In 2005, dispute arose when Ukraine were found to be (1) which led to Russia diverting (2)
- Ukraine can cause difficulty by (3) or halting gas routes
1 - extracting gas without paying
2 - all trade routes
3 - increasing the price
If Ukraine joined the EU or NATO, what two options would this present Russia with?
- Reduce or stop gas through Ukraine and use Finland or Poland
- Annexe Ukraine (add territory to one’s own territory)
Name two physical disruptions to energy pathways
Terrain and natural hazards
Name three human factors that disrupt energy pathways
Wars, Economic inflation and Protests
