Display of Information

Question 1

Conspicuity

Answer 1

how well the display attracts attention

Question 2

Visibility

Answer 2

how well the display can be seen

Question 3

Alphanumeric displays

Answer 3

any display that uses words, letters, or numbers to convey information

Question 4

Legibility

Answer 4

the ease with which the symbols and letters present in the display can be discerned, i.e. how easy it is to distinguish individual letters/symbols so that they can be recognized

Question 5

Legibility distance

Answer 5

the distance at which a person can read the display

Question 6

Readability

Answer 6

concerns larger groups of characters (e.g. words, sentences) in which comprehension of the material is a consideration

Question 7

Symbolic displays

Answer 7

used to convey information by using an image

Typically concrete objects that can easily be drawn

Question 8

Coding dimensions

Answer 8

Arbitrary features can be coded to represent different concepts
Features can be pretty much any distinguishing characteristics – shapes, letters, numbers, colors, sizes, flash rates, line or fill type (dotted, dashed, solid, etc.)

Question 9

Combination codes

Answer 9

“redundant coding” are used to maximize discrimination ability between displays; using more than one type of coding in a display

Question 10

Static displays

Answer 10

displays are fixed and do not change

E.g. Road signs

Question 11

Dynamic displays

Answer 11

displays change over time

E.g. Speedometer

Question 12

Analog

Answer 12

have a continuous scale and a pointer

Question 13

Digital

Answer 13

present information in alphanumeric form

Question 14

Frequency of use

Answer 14

the most frequently used and important displays are close to the line of sight under normal viewing conditions (i.e., right in front of the user)

Question 15

The sequence of use

Answer 15

To account for this, we design for the sequence of use or the order in which the displays are used

Question 16

Head-up Displays (HUDs)

Answer 16

HUDs are displays that superimpose display elements over the “real world”

Question 17

Helmet-mounted Displays (HMDs)

Answer 17

HMDs are similar to HUDs, but mounted so that they travel with the user

Question 18

Advisories

Answer 18

evokes general awareness of a marginal condition

Question 19

Cautions

Answer 19

evokes immediate attention and requires a relatively rapid response

Question 20

Warnings

Answer 20

evokes immediate attention and requires an immediate response

Question 21

Auditory icons

Answer 21

representational, everyday sounds with stereotypical meanings
Ex. Police car siren -> antivirus warning sound

Question 22

Earcons

Answer 22

brief, recognizable sequences of tones to provide information
Ex. Receiving a text message

Question 23

Speech displays

Answer 23

used to transmit slightly more complicated information

Question 24

Tactile displays

Answer 24

refer to any displays where information is conveyed by sense of touch
May be powered or un-powered
Useful in dark environments and for people with visual impairments

Question 25

Haptic displays

Answer 25

usually refer to displays that apply force, vibration, or motion to the user
Can be used for alerting signals, e.g. a car seat that vibrates in direction of a crash threat