Disorders of the digestive system

Question 1

Peptic ulcer

Answer 1

Symptoms: Pain in abdomen, nausea, appetite loss

Cause: Sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum. H.pylori prevents mucus production

Treatment: antibiotics treat ulcers caused by H.pylori. Lifestyle changes can help manage symptoms

Question 2

Crohn’s disease

Answer 2

Symptoms: Stunted growth due to lack of nutrient absorption, thinner bones, poor muscle development

Cause: a form of IBD, inflammation of any part of the alimentary canal

Treatment: No cure, special diet and medication

Question 3

Ulcerative colitis

Answer 3

Symptoms: Loose and bloody stools, cramps and abdominal pain

Cause: a form of IBD, inflammation in the colon

Treatment: removing portions of the colon

Question 4

Constipation

Answer 4

Symptoms: Bowel movements are redeemed to three per week or less. Dry, small and difficult to eliminate stools

Cause: Unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, inadequate water intake, lack of good nerve and muscle function

Treatment: consuming adequate fibre, drinking enough water, getting exercise

Question 5

Hepatitis

Answer 5

Symptoms: inflammation of the liver

Cause: viral infection of the liver, Hep A: drinking contaminated water, Hep B: sexual contact, Hep C: contact with infected blood

Treatment: vaccines available for Hep A and B but not C

Question 6

Cirrhosis

Answer 6

Symptoms: Hard to diagnose

Cause: Chronic disease when scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue preventing it from functioning. Alcoholism and Hep C are common causes

Treatment: liver can regenerate if caught early and removed. Liver transplant

Question 7

Gallstones:

Answer 7

Symptoms: Pain in the abdomen, nausea or vomiting, signs of infection

Cause: Small hard masses in the gall bladder, caused by crystals of cholesterol in gallbladder

Treatment: losing weight, decrease cholesterol, intake of omega 3. Decrease meal size, using ultrasound to break them apart, medication, surgery

Question 8

Diabetes

Answer 8

• a condition in which the body is unable to use glucose for energy, muscles, and tissues
  -The glucose obtained from food is not absorbed
  -Pancreas releases insulin after you eat a meal which allows glucose to enter the body’s cells
  -Diabetes develops when there is not enough insulin in the blood stream or when the body cannot properly use the insulin made by the pancreas

Question 9

The difference between type 1 and 2 diabetes, and Gestational

Answer 9

Type 1: insulin-producing cells of the pancreas are destroyed by the immune system and therefore no longer produce insulin, or its is unable to properly use the insulin it makes

Type 2: occurs when either the body doesn’t make enough insulin, or it is unable to properly use the insulin it makes.

Gestational: develops during pregnancy, usually as a result of pregnancy hormones or inadequate levels of insulin production

Question 10

What is the connection between Frederick Banting and Charles Best and diabetes?

Answer 10

They discovered the connection between insulin and diabetes