Disorders of Resonance and Their Treatment

Question 0

VPI

Answer 0

Velopharyngeal inadequacy/insufficiency - can have either a neurological, structural, or learned (e.g., decreased muscle mass, adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, paresis, paralysis secondary to stroke etc.)

Question 1

Hypernasality

Answer 1

Clients with hypernasality can have weak inter oral pressure. One of the most common complaints for clients. Can be functional (the way they talk) or organic (structural problem like cleft palate/submucous cleft, VPI).

Question 2

Hyponasality

Answer 2

Frequent substitutions are b/m, d/n, g/ng. Can be temporary or caused by obstructions (nasal polyps), enlarged tonsils. Instrumentation - nasometer.

Question 3

Assimilative Nasality

Answer 3

Occurs when sound from a nasal consonant carries over to adjacent vowels. Velar opening begins too soon and last too long. Can be functional or organic.

Question 4

Cul-de-Sac resonance

Answer 4

(Bottom of the Sack), produced by the retraction of the tongue. Oral cavity is partially closed in the back and open in the front. Makes a persons voice sound muffled or hollow. Can be functional. organic, or neurological.

Question 5

Treatment of Hypernasality

Answer 5

Biofeedback is an effective treatment tool (nasometer - gives nasalance readings, or oral/nasal ratio). Use other biofeedback tools such as - tissue/mirror. Ear training, mouth opening, increasing loudness, improve articulation, speaking rate, and decreasing pitch.

Question 6

Treatment of Hyponasality

Answer 6

Biofeedback (nasometer). Give client specific techniques to increase their awareness of the function of resonance: 1) focusing - direct airflow to the maxillary mask (where maxillary sinuses are), 2) Nasal-glide stimulation - nasals combined with glides can help with properly guiding resonance. 3) Visual aids - e.g., tissue