DISORDERS OF CVS

Question 1

richest source of information concerning the patient’s illness

Answer 1

History

Question 2

part of general health history that detects the importance of genetic influences in many forms of heart disease

Answer 2

Family history

Question 3

Manifestations of Heart Disease (4)

Answer 3

1. Myocardial Ischemia
2. Disturbance in the contraction and relaxation of myocardium
3. obstruction to blood flow
4. Abnormal cardiac rhythm or rate

Question 4

Cardinal symptom of heart disease described as uncomfortable awareness if breathing

Answer 4

Dyspnea

Question 5

term used for clenching of the fist in front of the sternum

Answer 5

Levine’s sign

Question 6

What condition may cause the Levine’s sign?

Answer 6

CVD

Question 7

Described as discomfort limited to the areas that are ordinarily sites of secondary radiation?

Answer 7

Angina’s Equivalents

Question 8

Examples of Angina’s Equivalents?

Answer 8

• ulnar aspect of the arm and forearm
• lower jaw
• teeth
• neck
• shoulders

Question 9

Most common location of intense chest pain of patients with CAD?

Answer 9

Sternal area

Question 10

Other common locations of radiation of ischemic pain in CAD?

Answer 10

• retrosternal
• INTERscapular
• arms

Question 11

Patients with acute peritonitis may manifest symptoms on what position?

Answer 11

Upright position

Question 12

Chest pain characteristic of this disease is described as pain that is sharper and is more left sided than central

Aggravated by: swallowing, breathing and turning in bed

Relieved by: leaning forward

Answer 12

Acute Pericarditis

Question 13

Chest pain characteristic of this disease is described as sudden, severe, persistent pain associated with a catastrophic event

radiates to the back and into the lumbar area.

Answer 13

Aortic Dissection

Question 14

Chest pain characteristic of this disease is associated with 1. LOCAL COSTOCHONDRAL and 2.MUSCLE TENDERNESS

aggravated by moving or coughing

Answer 14

Costochondritis/ Myositis

Question 15

Syndrome with localized SWELLING of the costochondral and costosternal joints. It is non-cardiac in nature

Answer 15

Tietze Syndrome

Question 16

TRUE/FALSE?

Rest and nitroglycerine can relief the discomfort of angina?

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

TRUE/FALSE?

Cyanosis is Both a sign and a symptom?

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

CENTRAL/PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS?

Decreased in arterial oxygen saturation

due to:

1. right to left shunting of blood
2. impaired pulmonary function

Answer 18

CENTRAL CYANOSIS

Question 19

CENTRAL/PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS?

Secondary to cutaneous vasoconstriction due to:

1. low cardiac output
2. exposure to cold

Answer 19

PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS

Question 20

CENTRAL/PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS?

Bluish discoloration of LIPS (upper and lower) and TONGUE.

Answer 20

CENTRAL CYANOSIS

Question 21

CENTRAL/PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS?

Bluish discoloration of DIGIT

Answer 21

PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS

Question 22

Isolated cyanosis affecting the lower extremities and not the upper extremities. Common with patients with LARGE PDA secondary to pulmonary hypertension

Answer 22

Isolated Cyanosis

-due to reversal of shunting (right to left shunting at the great vessel level). Saturated blood shunted to the lower extremities