Disorders of Childhood & Adolescence

Question 1

temperament

Answer 1

innate emotional predisposition or personality traits

Question 2

Child psychopathology

Answer 2

the emotional and behavioral manifestation of psychological disorders in children and adolescents

Question 3

internalizing disorder

Answer 3

conditions involving emotional symptoms directed inward( anxiety trauma and stressor related disorders)

Question 4

separation anxiety disorder

Answer 4

severe distress about leaving home, being alone, or being separated from a parent

Question 5

selective mutism

Answer 5

consistent failure to speak in certain situations

Question 6

reactive attachment disorder

Answer 6

a trauma related disorder characterized by inhibited, avoidant social behaviors and reluctance to seek or respond to attention or nurturing

Question 7

disinhibited social engagement disorder

Answer 7

a trauma related attachment disorder characterized by indiscriminate, superficial attachments and desperation for interpersonal contact

Question 8

nonsuicidal self injury

Answer 8

intentional, self-inflicted harm intended to provide relief from negative feelings or to induce positive feelings; can also involve a preoccupation with engaging in self-harm

Question 9

disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Answer 9

a childhood disorder involving chronic irritability and significantly exaggerated anger reactions

Question 10

pediatric bipolar disorder

Answer 10

a childhood disorder involving depressive and energized episodes similar to the mood swings seen in adult bipolar disorder

Question 11

externalizing disorders

Answer 11

disruptive behavior disorders associated with symptoms that are socially disturbing and distressing to others

Question 12

oppositional defiant disorder

Answer 12

a childhood disorder characterized by negativistic, argumentative, and hostile behavior patterns

Question 13

intermittent explosive disorder

Answer 13

condition involving frequent lower-intensity outbursts or low-frequency, high-intensity outbursts of extreme verbal or physical aggression

Question 14

conduct disorder

Answer 14

a persistent pattern of behavior that violates the rights of others, including aggression, serious rule violations, and illegal behavior

Question 15

neurodevelopmental disorders

Answer 15

conditions involving impaired development of the brain and central nervous system that are evident early in a child’s life

Question 16

tic

Answer 16

an involuntary repetitive movement or vocalization

Question 17

motor tic

Answer 17

a tic involving physical behaviors such as eye blinking, facial grimacing, or head jerking

Question 18

vocal tic

Answer 18

an audible tic such as coughing, grunting, throat clearing, sniffling, or making sudden vocal outbursts

Question 19

Tourettes disorder

Answer 19

a condition characterized by multiple motor tics and one or more vocal tics

Question 20

coprolalia

Answer 20

involuntary utterance of obscenities or inappropriate remarks

Question 21

habit reversal

Answer 21

a therapeutic technique in which a client is taught to substitute new behaviors for habitual behaviors such as a tic

Question 22

attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder

Answer 22

childhood onset disorder characterized by persistent attentional problems and or impulsive hyperactive behaviors

Question 23

autism spectrum disorder

Answer 23

a disorder characterized by a continuum of impairment in social communication and restricted stereotyped interests and activities

Question 24

echolalia

Answer 24

repetition of vocalizations made by another person

Question 25

oxytocin

Answer 25

a powerful hormone that affects social bonding

Question 26

intellectual disability

Answer 26

a disorder characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors

Question 27

adaptive behavior

Answer 27

performance on tasks of daily living, including academic skills, self care, and the ability to work or live independently

Question 28

fragile X syndrome

Answer 28

an inherited condition involving limited production of proteins required for brain development resulting in mild to severe intellectual disability

Question 29

down syndrome

Answer 29

a chromosomal disorder that causes physical and neurological abnormalities

Question 30

amniocentesis

Answer 30

a prenatal screening procedure involving withdrawal of amniotic fluid from the fetal sac

Question 31

fetal alcohol spectrum effects

Answer 31

a continuum of detrimental neurological and behavioral effects resulting from eternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy

Question 32

learning disorder

Answer 32

an academic disability characterized by reading, writing, or math skills that are substantially below levels that would be expected based on the persons age, intellectual ability, and educational background

Question 33

dyslexia

Answer 33

a condition involving significant difficulties with reading skills

Question 34

dyscalculia

Answer 34

a condition involving difficulties in understanding mathematical skills or concepts

Question 35

Atypical Social-emotional reciprocity (autism)

Answer 35

no interest in social interaction. No back and forth in conversation

Question 36

Atypical nonverbal communication ( autism)

Answer 36

little to no eye contact. poor social boundaries. no meaningful facial gestures.