Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroscience Module 4 > Disorders Of Cerebellum (handout based) > Flashcards

Disorders Of Cerebellum (handout based) Flashcards

0
Q

Consists of the vermis of the anterior lobe, the pyramids, the uvula, and the paraflocculus

A

Paleocerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Plays a role in the control of muscle tone and the axial and limb movements

A

Paleocerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Consists of the middle portion of the vermis and most of the cerebellar hemispheres

A

Neocerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Projects fibers to the cerebral cortex through the thalamus

A

Neocerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Plays a role in the planning and initiation of movements, as well as regulation of fine limb movements

A

Neocerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Receives input from areas of the brain concerned with eye movements

A

Archicerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Plays a role in the control of body equilibrium and eye movements

A

Archicerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Composed of stellate cells, basket cells

A

Molecular layer of the gray mater of cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Composed of Purkinje cells, which are large Golgi type 1 neurons

A

Purkinje cell layer of the gray mater of cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Composed of granule cells (fibers of which form parallel fibers), neuroglial cells, Golgi cells

A

Granular layer of the gray matter of cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

connect different regions WITHIN the cerebellum (ex: folium-folium; hemisphere-hemisphere)

A

Intrinsic fibers of the white matter of cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

form the greater part of the white matter, PROCEED to the cerebellar cortex; enter though the INFERIOR and MIDDLE cerebellar peduncles

A

Afferent fibers of the white matter of cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

constitute the OUTPUT of the cerebellum; commence as the axons of the Purkinje cells, which synapse with the neurons of the cerebellar nuclei; exit mainly through the SUPERIOR and INFERIOR cerebellar peduncle

A

Efferent fibers of the white matter of cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

connects to the medulla oblongata; restiform body

A

Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

connects to the pons; brachium pontis

A

Middle cerebellar peduncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

connects to the midbrain; brachium conjunctivum

A

Superior cerebellar peduncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

“Cerebellar sign par excellence”

A

Ataxia or dystaxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

lack of synergy of the various muscle components in performing more complex movements so that movements are disjointed and clumsy and broken up into isolated successive parts

A

Asynergia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Abnormalities in the rate, range and force of movement

A

Dysmetria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

abnormality in the rhythm of rapid alternating movements

A

Adiodochokinesis; Dysdiadochokinesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

It is related to a depression of gamma and alpha motor neuron activity

A

Hypotonia

21
Q

The least evident of the cerebellar abnormalities

A

Hypotonia

22
Q

More apparent with acute than with chronic lesion

A

Hypotonia

23
Q

Failure to check a movement -a closely related phenomenon (impairment of the check reflex)

A

Hypotonia

24
Q

overshooting the target

A

Hypermetria

25
Q

A rhythmic tremor of the head or upper trunk (three to four per second)

A

Titubation

26
Q

variable intonation (prosody) and abnormalities in articulation; described also as staccato, explosive, hesitant, slow altered accent, and garbled speech

A

Scanning dysarthria

27
Q

Speech production is often labored with excessive facial grimacing; Thought to be a result of generalized hypotonia

A

Cerebellar dysarthria

28
Q

usually gaze-evoked, upbeat, rebound with abnormal kinetic nystagmus if with midline cerebellar lesions; periodic alternating nystagmus with lesions of the uvula, nodulus; downbeat nystagmus with posterior midline lesions

A

Nystagmus

29
Q

Wide-based stance with increased trunk sway, irregular stepping with a tendency to stagger as if intoxicated

A

Disorders of equilibrium and gait

30
Q

Kind of cerebellar syndrome that has incoordination of ipsilateral appendicular movements

A

Hemispheric syndrome

31
Q

Usual etiologies of this syndrome are infarcts, neoplasms, abscesses

A

Hemispheric syndrome

32
Q

Kind of cerebellar syndrome that has a wide-based stance and titubating gait

A

Rostral vermis syndrome

33
Q

Kind of cerebellar syndrome that is described to having ataxia of gait & with proportionally little ataxia on the heel-to-shin maneuver with the patient lying down

A

Rostral vermis syndrome

34
Q

Kind of cerebellar syndrome that is described to having axial disequilibrium or truncal ataxia and staggering gait

A

Caudal vermis syndrome

35
Q

Kind of cerebellar syndrome that is characterized as having little or no limb ataxia ; Sometimes spontaneous nystagmus and rotated postures of the head

A

Caudal vermis syndrome

36
Q

Kind of cerebellar syndrome that has bilateral signs of cerebellar dysfunction affecting the trunk, limbs, and cranial musculature

A

Pancerebellar syndrome

37
Q

Etiologies of this syndrome are infectious and parainfectious processes, hypoglycemia, hyperthermia, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with small cell lung cancer (anti-Hu antibodies), breast and ovarian carcinomas (anti-Yo antibodies), or Hodgkin’s lymphoma (Tr antibodies); Toxic processes

A

Pancerebellar syndrome

38
Q

Arises in the posterior part of the vermis and neuroepithelial roof of the fourth ventricle

A

Medulloblastoma

39
Q

Arises from the lining in the walls of the ventricles ; 70% originate from the 4th ventricle

A

Ependymoma and Papilloma of the 4thventricle

40
Q

May occur anywhere in the neuraxis

A

Astrocytoma

41
Q

Occur most often in association with von HippelLindau disease; May have an associated retinal angioma, or hepatic and pancreatic cysts

A

Hemagioblastoma

42
Q

Tendency to develop malignant renal or adrenal tumors ; Patients may have polycythemia due to elaboration of erythropoietic factor

A

Hemangioblastoma

43
Q

Congenital anomalies at the base of the brain, consisting of: 1.Extension of a tongue of cerebellar tissue into the cervical canal 2.Displacement of the medulla into the cervical canal

A

Arnold- chiari syndrome

44
Q

Hydomyelia, syringomyelia are common associated findings

A

Arnold -Chiari syndrome

45
Q

Almost always secondary to a purulent focus elsewhere in the body ; 40% are related to diseases of the paranasal sinuses, middle ear, mastoid cells

A

Brain abcesses

46
Q

1/3 lie in the anterolateral part of the cerebellar hemisphere;the remainder occur in the middle and inferior parts of the temporal lobe

A

Brain abcesses

47
Q

Result from thrombotic or embolic occlusion of a cerebellar vessel

A

Cerebellar infarction

48
Q

Prominent signs: limb and gait ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus, altered mental status

Symptoms: vertigo, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, gait unsteadiness, limb clumsiness, headache, dysarthria, diplopia and decreased level of alertness

A

Cerebellar infarction

49
Q

Most common sites of cerebellar hemorrhage

A
  • Putamen and adjacent internal capsule
  • Central white matter of temporal, parietal, or frontal lobes
  • Thalamus
  • Cerebellar hemisphere
  • Pons

Neuroscience Module 4 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions