Disorders of bone Flashcards
What is dysplasia?
What is hyperplasia?
presence of abnormal cells
increase in number of cells
What cells may be reported in histopathology of PA abscess?
Giant cells
glomeration of cells such as macrophages
What are the 2 types of inflammatory bone diseases, give examples
non-specific: PA abscess
specific: tuberculosis, syphillis, actinomyces
What classification of bone disorder does periodontal disease fall under?
overlaps in classification
infective, inflammatory, resorptive
What are 3 important things to consider when classifying a radiographic pathology?
Is it?:
- anatomy
- artifact
- pathology
Give examples of dystrophic (1) developmental (3), infective/inflammatory, iatrogenic, nutritional/metabolic/endocrine (1), neoplastic (2) disorders of the bone.
dystrophic - Pagets disease of the bone
developmental - osteopetrosis, cleidocranial dysplasia, fibrous dysplasia
infective/inflammatory - osteomyelitis
iatrogenic/inflammation - MRONJ
mineral deficiencies - osteomalacia
hormonal - osteoporosis (post menopausal), hyperparathyroidism
neoplastic - osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma
What is paget disease of bone?
- classification: dystrophic
- more commonly in long bones but can also occur in facial bones
- disorder with imbalance in osteoblastic/clastic patterns- new bone tissue gradually replaces old bone tissue. Over time, bones can become fragile and misshapen
- pts can get heart failure
- small % can get sarcomas
- > may see sclerotic pattern in facial bones
What is osteopetrosis
classification: developmental condition
Dense calvarials, no cortical definiton, marrow is all over the place
May present with loss of hearing or sight, sensory problems
What is cleidocranial dysplasia?
- classification: developmental disorder
- autosomal dominant
No clavicle, Telecanthic, hypertelorism, broad nasal bridge, dental abnormalities, sinusitis, mild developmental delays
What is fibrous dysplasia?
- classification: developmental condition
What is it?
- bone replaced by fibrous tissue
- painless enlargement, stops after adolescence
- can be unilateral or bilateral
How do patient’s present?
Pt with mandible that keeps growing
How do we find it/establish diagnosis?
radiograph has ‘ground glass’ appearance, expansile lesion, radioopacities and radiolucencies, hetergrenous -> diagnose with histopathology
- tx for aesthetics and possibly functional
What is osteomyleitis?
inflammation of the bone (when gets into the marrow)
can be acute or chronic, suppurative
HALLMARK FEATURE - calcification surrounded by radiolucency, may cause expansion of bone
Hallmark appearance of osteosarcoma
sun-ray appearance
