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M4: Mastication and occlusion > Disorders and prblems > Flashcards

Disorders and prblems Flashcards

1
Q

Ankylosis of TMJ

A

is a pathologic condition where the mandible is fused to the fossa by bony or fibrotic tissues.

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2
Q

Arthritis of TMJ

A

affects the cartilage, subchondral bone, synovial membrane, and other hard and soft tissues causing changes such as TMJ remodeling, articular cartilage abrasion and deterioration

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3
Q

Internal derangement of temporomandibular joint

A

are conditions in which the articular disc has become displaced from its original position the condylar head.

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4
Q

Myofascial pain of TMJ

A

It is caused by muscle tension, fatigue, or (rarely) spasm in the masticatory muscles.

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5
Q

Reiter syndrome

A

Reactive arthritis is a type of arthritis caused by an infection. It may be caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, salmonella, or another infection. The condition may cause arthritis symptoms, such as joint pain and inflammation.

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6
Q

What TMJ joint disorder could be present (no crepitus) following trauma?

A

Ankylosis

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7
Q

Arthrocentesis

A

is a procedure performed to collect synovial fluid from joint spaces for the identification of a disease process or the relief of painful or bothersome symptoms.

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8
Q

What social habit is NOT associated with aphthous ulcers and why?

A

Smoking - causes hyperkeratosis (the opposite of aphthous ulcers.

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9
Q

How many people are affected by TMDs?

A

10-15%

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10
Q

Is there a gender bias in those effected by TMDs?

A

Females more common

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11
Q

Taking a TMD history: assessing pain (3)

A
  1. Character (dull, acute etc)
  2. Site (jaw, ear, etc)
  3. Affected by (i.e. jaw movement, function etc)

CSA

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12
Q

Taking a TMD history: Assessing noises

A

Clicking, snapping, popping, crepitus (grinding, crunching etc).

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13
Q

Taking a TMD history: assessing movement (4)

A
  1. Restricted opening
  2. Interfering with ability to eat
  3. Locking - intermittent/persistent; closed; open; able to release with manoeuvre?
  4. Deviation

R.I.L.D

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14
Q

Taking a TMD history: Habits

A

Clenching, grinding, chewing or biting habits etc

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15
Q

Taking a TMD history: key consideration to ask about

A

past history of trauma

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16
Q

First area to palpate on TMJ examination

A

Lateral pole

17
Q

What should you observe when palpating lateral pole of TMJ?

A

Repetition movements (opening, closing, lateral, protrusive movements):

Does palpating elicit the patient’s familiar pain?
Any noises palpable?
Any noises audible to the patient?

18
Q

What muscles should be palpated during TMJ examination?

A

Temporalis (when teeth clenched, above the ear and forwards above the eye) and masseter (bimanual - one hand inside the mouth, one outside)

19
Q

Examining TMJ: mouth opening?

A

Deviation on opening
Extent of opening

20
Q

What findings might you see intra-orally with someone with a TMD?

A

Ridging buccal mucosa at level of occlusal plane (cheek biting)
Scalloping of borders of tongue (wavy edges of tongue)
Tooth wear (grinding?)

21
Q

What further investigations could you do for a TMD?

A

• Plain radiographs not normally indicated
• Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

22
Q

Which TMD?
- pain muscle origin
- temple and jaw

A

Myalgia (local, pain, pain with referral)

23
Q

Which TMD?
Painful joint
seen when palpating lateral pole

A

Arthralgia

24
Q

Which TMD?
- History of noise during movement
- Clicking popping (opening and closing, opening OR closing, lateral/protrusive movements)

A

Disc displacement with reduction

25
Q

What TMD?
- jaw locked
- limitation in jaw opening significant with ability to eat

A

Disc displacement without reduction with limited opening (disc does not reduce with opening, persistent limited mandibular movement)

26
Q

Which TMD?
- History or examination noise on jaw movement
- Crepitus detected with palpation

A

Degenerative joint disease

(TMJ osteoarthritis affects the cartilage, subchondral bone, synovial membrane, and other hard and soft tissues causing changes such as TMJ remodeling, articular cartilage abrasion and deterioration)

27
Q

Which TMD?
- jaw locking in an open mouth position
- need a manipulative manoeuver to close the mouth

A

Subluxation (open lock)

28
Q

When should you refer on a patient with a TMD?

A
  1. Chronic TMD lasting over 3 months
  2. Symptoms worsening
  3. Psychological distress
  4. Uncertain diagnosis

M4: Mastication and occlusion (8 decks)

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