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Electrolysis > Disorders And Disease Of The Skin > Flashcards

Disorders And Disease Of The Skin Flashcards

1
Q

What is a condition caused by lack of sebum presents as scaly or dry

A

Asteastosis

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2
Q

What condition results in excessive sweating

A

Hyperhidrosis

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3
Q

What condition is characterized by foul smelling perspiration

A

Bromhidrosis

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4
Q

What condition is deficiency in perspiration or inability to sweat

A

Anhidrosis

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5
Q

Eye infection, red eyes irritated eyes

A

Conjunctivitis

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6
Q

Weeping lesions on face, these are symptoms of

A

Impetigo

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7
Q

Flushing and pustular type, breakout on cheeks and nose

A

Rosacea

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8
Q

Small red bumps in the upper arms, thigh, side of the buttocks

A

Keratosis pilaris

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9
Q

The most dangerous form of skin cancer

A

Malignant melanoma

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10
Q

What is the purpose of ABCDE cancer checklist?

A

To spot signs of change in existing moles

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11
Q

Irregular brown wine colored skin discoloration

A

A stain

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12
Q

If someone has allergic contact, dermatitis, might you expect to see signs

A

Fingers, palms, face, and scalp

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13
Q

What causes all allergic contact dermatitis

A

An allergy to an ingredient or chemical due to repeated skin contact

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14
Q

Two types of contact dermatitis

A

Allergic and irritant

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15
Q

Small rip bumps or whitehead pimples around one or more follicles

A

Folliculitis

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16
Q

A boil

A

Fruncle

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17
Q

A cluster of boils

A

Carbuncle

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18
Q

Medication that influences hair growth

A

Hormone based Cortizone based

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19
Q

Effect of stress on hair growth

A

Can lead to access hair growth overtime

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20
Q

What is the difference between alopecia and hypo trichosis?

A

Alopecia is partial or complete loss of hair from where it typically grows
Hypo trichosis is when due to no hair, grows where it usually does

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21
Q

What is sycosis?

A

Inflammation of hair follicles in the beard area due to infection

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22
Q

Function of veins, in the circulatory system

A

Carries blood containing waste products to the heart and lungs for cleaning

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23
Q

What is the role of liver in hormone regulation?

A

Helps regulate the balance of hormones

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24
Q

What task does the skins Stratum corneum perform?

A

It forms a barrier to protect underlining tissue

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25
Q

The function of the deltoid muscle

A

It allows the arm to extend outward into the side of the body

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26
Q

Which layer of the epidermidis contains melanocytes?

A

Stratum germinativum/basal

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27
Q

The study of hair is called

A

Trichology

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28
Q

Which glands are known as the oil glands in our connected to the hair follicle

A

Sebaceous gland

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29
Q

What is cytology

A

Study of cells

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30
Q

Where are free nerve ending located

A

Epidermis

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31
Q

What is the primary function of motor nerve fibers?

A

They convey impulses from the brain or spinal cord to muscles or glands

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32
Q

Which nerve fibers are responsible for causing goosebumps

A

Motor nerve, fiber

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33
Q

What is the role of sensory nerve fibers?

A

react to heat, cold, touch, pressure and pain

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34
Q

Which cell travel to the lymph nodes

A

Langerhans cells

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35
Q

What is the function of mast cells in skin?

A

To store, inflammatory, mediators, and regulate vasodilation

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36
Q

What is the primary function of eccrine glands?

A

To maintain homeostasis by stabilizing body temp through evaporation of sweat

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37
Q

Three layers of the inner root sheath

A

Henle’s layer
Huxley’s layer
Cuticle

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38
Q

What type of hair tends to be more sensitive to hormonal stimulus?

A

Terminal hair

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39
Q

What is the inner root sheath

A

The part of the lower hair follicle

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40
Q

What is the bulge

A

The area filled with follicular stem cells

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41
Q

The fibrous protein(elasticity) layer of the hair shaft

A

Cortex

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42
Q

Short fine hair on a fetus

A

Lanugo

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43
Q

Short fine, unpigmented hair on the body

A

Vellus

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44
Q

Long Pigmented hair on the scalp and body

A

Terminal

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45
Q

Hair that has begun to look darker in appearance

A

Intermediate

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46
Q

What does hair density measure?

A

The number of individual hair strands on one square inch (2.5cm) skin classification of hair as thin, medium or thick

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47
Q

What determines the wave pattern of hair?

A

The shape of follicle, genetics

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48
Q

What are considered hair abnormalities?

A

Crook screw tombstone in grown hair

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49
Q

What is hair texture?

A

Diameter of an individual hair strand classification of hair as fine medium or course

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50
Q

What is hair composed of

A

Keratin, water, lipids

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51
Q

Which nutritions are essential for maintaining the hair growth cycle

A

Iron, zinc , vitamin D

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52
Q

Which factors can affect an individuals rate of hair growth

A

Vascular, psychological medication

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53
Q

Secretes hormones that affects all other glands of the endocrine system

A

Pituitary gland

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54
Q

Secretes melatonin, which affects hair growth and pigmentation

A

Pineal gland

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55
Q

Hypo, secretion, and hyper secretion of this bowtie shaped gland can cause hair loss

A

Thyroid gland

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56
Q

Located as sets at the bottom of the thyroid gland and produces parathormone

A

Parathyroid gland

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57
Q

Triangular shaped glands that produce cortisol androgens and small amount of estrogen

A

Adrenal glands

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58
Q

Contains clusters of cells called the islets of Langerhans that produce insulin

A

Pancreas

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59
Q

Ovaries mainly produced estrogen, while testes produced testosterone

A

Gonads

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60
Q

What hormone does the thyroid gland produce?

A

Thyroxine
Triiodothyronine

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61
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A

controls the growth, development, reproduction, and health of the entire body

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62
Q

What is true of the endocrine gland?

A

They release hormones directly into the bloodstream

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63
Q

What is the function of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas?

A

To produce insulin

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64
Q

What is the pituitary gland?

A

A small organ composed of 2 glands located in the brain

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65
Q

Cortisol hormone produce, mainly in what gland

A

Adrenal gland

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66
Q

What nerve carries impulses from the brain to the muscles or glands?

A

Motor nerves

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67
Q

What is the function of the brain?

A

To control bodies function

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68
Q

What is nerves composed of?

A

Cell body dendrites an axon and axon terminals

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69
Q

What is the external jugular vein?

A

Vein that carries blood to the heart from the head face neck

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70
Q

The function of capillaries

A

Carry nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials

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71
Q

What is the function of blood in the circulatory system?

A

To supply oxygen, and nutrients to the cells and tissue

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72
Q

The components of the Circulatory system

A

Heart arteries veins, capillaries

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73
Q

What impacts hair growth and sensation during hair removal treatments

A

Blood and lymph flow

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74
Q

What is polarity

A

Poles of an electrical current, either positive or negative

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75
Q

The disinfection process that inactivates some but not all bacterial spores

A

High level disinfectant
FDA cleared

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76
Q

Ex of high level disinfectants

A

Glutaraldehyde, hydrogen peroxide/ peracetic

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77
Q

A process capable of killing mycobacterium, tuberculosis, var.bovi, broad spectrum of bacteria,
Viruse, fungi, including herpes, staphylococcus, salmonella, HIV,AIDs viruses

A

Intermediate level disinfection
EPA regulates

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78
Q

Ex of intermediate level disinfection

A

70%-90% alcohols, quaternary ammonium compound and phenolic

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79
Q

A process capable of inactivating most bacteria some viruses and fungi but NOT bacterial spores or TB

A

Low level disinfection
EPA regulates
Are appropriate for disinfecting environmental or medical equipment (non-instruments) surfaces

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80
Q

A medical tool used for grasping or holding things.

A

Forceps

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81
Q

Device used to test the method of sterilization being monitored

A

Biological indicator (BI)
FDA regulates

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82
Q

Device used to monitor all parts of the physical condition of a heat sterilization process by means of characteristic color change usually chemically treated paper strips

A

Chemical indicator
Does not indicate that sterilization has been achieved most indicates that only temp needed has been attained

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83
Q

High level ,Intermediate level, Low level are all classification of what

A

Disinfectant
They are NOT final steps in processing instruments

84
Q

Stainless steel bar held by the client during electrolysis

A

Indifferent electrodes

85
Q

A microorganisms or substance capable of producing a disease

A

Pathogen

86
Q

Item that may come in contact with mucous membrane and non-intact skin

A

Semi critical item

87
Q

A small usually single-celled reproductive body,resistant to adverse environmental conditions including heat drying and chemical

A

Spore

88
Q

The process of destroying all forms of microbial life

A

Sterilization

89
Q

Destruction of living tissue in the hair follicle by means of AC applied with a solid wire filament or electrode

A

Thermolysis

90
Q

Sterilization (dry heat)

A

340F - 1 hour
320F- 2 hours

91
Q

House keeping

A

Intermediate-level or low-level hospital grade disinfectant

92
Q

Aseptic

A

Free of microorganisms that causes disease

93
Q

Michel

A

First to remove ingrown eyelash, Optomologist 1875

94
Q

the first person to perform thermoylsis. In France

A

Dr. Bordier 1923-1924

95
Q

What serves as a second messenger

A

cAMP-cyclic adenosine monophosphate

96
Q

Which hormone serves as first messengers, providing communication between endocrine glands and target organs

A

Non-steroid

97
Q

Posterior pituitary/neurohypophysis produces what hormones?

A

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - stimulates retention of water by kidneys
Oxytocin (OT)- stimulates uterine contraction at the end of pregnancy, stimulates the release of milk into breast

98
Q

Anterior pituitary / adenohypophysis produces what hormones?

A

(TSH)-thyroid stimulating hormone
(ACTH)-adrenocorticotropic hormone (stimulates secretion of adrenal cortex hormone)
(FSH)-follicle stimulating hormone (development of ovarian/development of sperm)
(LH)-luteinizing hormone (sex hormone
(GH)-growth hormone
(PRL)-prolactin ( breast development during pregnancy & milk secretion)

99
Q

Promotes development of immune system cells

A

Thymosins

100
Q

A condition in which large volumes of urine are formed

A

Diabetes insipidus

101
Q

Nephrine is also known as

A

Adrenaline.

102
Q

Deficiency or hyposecretion of adrenal cortex hormone results in a condition called.

A

Addison disease

103
Q

2 cells in the pancreas islets

A

A cells- secrete glucagon hormone (glycogenolysis in the liver)
B cell- secretes insulin hormone (insulin decreases blood glucose

104
Q

The smallest unit of universe

A

Atom

105
Q

The smallest unit of substance/ matter

A

Molecule

106
Q

Center of energy

A

Nucleus

107
Q

The Same amount of protons and electrons in an energy is what?

A

It is STABLE

108
Q

An Unstable energy system

A

ION

109
Q

The process of removing or adding electrons to an atom system

A

Ionization

110
Q

Electrons always flow from.

A

Negative to positive

111
Q

Copper, zinc, brass, barbon are ex of what

A

A conductor

112
Q

Rubber, plastic, glass, asbestos, steam and distilled water are Ex of what

A

Insulator

113
Q

Circuit does not complete its path

A

Short circuit

114
Q

Circuit passing through the patients body

A

Complete circuit

115
Q

Path of the electrical current

A

Circuit

116
Q

Unbroken connection between (+) and (-) poles of an electrical source

A

Closed circuit

117
Q

Developed to control the amount of current flowing in a circuit

A

Fuse

118
Q

2 properties of electrical current

A

produces heat (resistance and friction)
produces electrical field + magnetic

119
Q

Electricity at rest

A

Static electricity

120
Q

Electricity in motion

A

Dynamic

121
Q

(-) pole/ rod

A

Cathode

122
Q

(+) pole/rod

A

Anod

123
Q

Current that flows even and constant in one direction

A

DC= battery/ chemical current

124
Q

Count of electrons

A

Coulomb (K)

125
Q

Current flow, intensity of the current, strength of the current

A

Ampere (A)

126
Q

Ma=

A

Milliampere or 1/1000 of an amp

127
Q

A unit of electrical pressure

A

Volt

128
Q

Current will not flow along a wire unless you have

A

Volt

129
Q

Unit of electrical resistance

A

OHM (R)
V= current(ampere) x resistance (ohms)

130
Q

Unit measure of electrical energy

A

Joules
J= Wxtime

131
Q

Unit measure of electrical power

A

Watt (W)

132
Q

Ability of magnets to influence one another

A

Magnetic polarity

133
Q

Unit measure of frequency

A

Hertz

134
Q

Rapid flow of electrons first in one direction and then in opposite directions

A

AC= heat

135
Q

A device used for turning AC to DC
Converter/inverter

A

Rectifier

136
Q

A device which smooths impulsed. Patterns

A

Filter

137
Q

Device used for changing voltage

A

Transformer

138
Q

Increase in pressure/ voltage, decrease in current/amps

A

Step up transformer

139
Q

Decrease in pressure/ voltage, increase in current/ amps

A

Step down transformer

140
Q

Changes AC to HF current

A

Oscillator

141
Q

A device for controlling the quantity of current flowing through a circuit, consists of a coil of resistance wire

A

Rheostate

142
Q

Remove ingrown eyelashes

A

1875, Charles E. Michel

143
Q

What is produced when you put the needle in the follicle

A

Sodium hydroxide

144
Q

What is produced at the indifferent electrode

A

HCI hydrochloric acid

145
Q

uL= ma x sec
ma is intensity of current
Units of lye

A

Faradays law

146
Q

Pattern of destruction depends on what?

A

Depends on moisture gradient

147
Q

The amount of electrons that flow into a surrounding tissue

A

Current density

148
Q

Describe something that happens suddenly and for a short time
Opposition of chronic

A

Acute

149
Q

This type of diabetes can lead to coma and death
Signs of DKA nausea, vomiting, stomach pain,fruity breath and rapid breathing

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

150
Q

This type of diabetes develops on during pregnancy

A

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

151
Q

This hormone is produced by the alpha cell in the pancreas
Ex-diabetes

A

Glucagon

152
Q

Too much insulin in the blood produces

A

Hyperglycemia

153
Q

Hormones secreted by the three cell layers or zones of the adrenal cortex are called

A

Corticoids

154
Q

The outer zone of the adrenal cortex cell secrets hormones called

A

mineralocorticoids (MCs)

155
Q

The middle zone of the adrenal cortex secretes what hormone

A

Glucocorticoid (Gcs)

156
Q

What hormone is the chief hormone of glucocorticoid

A

Cortisol or hydrocortisone

157
Q

The innermost or deepest zone of the cortex secretes small amounts of

A

Sex hormones / testosterone

158
Q

What gland curves over the top of each kidney

A

Adrenal glands

159
Q

What are the two separate endocrine glands

A

Adrenal cortex
Adrenal medulla

160
Q

The adrenal cortex is. The _____ part of the adrenal gland

A

Outer

161
Q

The adrenal medulla is the ____ part of the adrenal glands

A

Inner

162
Q

The adrenal medulla or inner portion of the adrenal glands secretes what hormone

A

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Also known as adrenaline

163
Q

An excess production of cortisol in indicative of what syndrome

A

Cushing syndrome

164
Q

The dermis consist of what two layers

A

Reticular layer
Papillary later

165
Q

A needle shaft surrounded with heat resistance coating

A

Insulated

166
Q

A needle with graduated diameter

A

Tampered

167
Q

A needle constructed with a rounded or blunt point at the tip

A

Bulbous

168
Q

A needle constructed from a single piece of stainless steel metal

A

One-piece

169
Q

Regulates routine housekeeping

A

Asepsis

170
Q

Used on skin to destroy microorganisms (do not use on inanimate objects)

A

Antiseptic

171
Q

An increase amount of hair in androgens dependent areas or where men would typically have hair and women would not (face, chest, abdomen and back

A

Hirsutism

172
Q

IPL wavelength

A

400-1200nm

173
Q

Ruby wavelength

A

694nm

174
Q

Alex wavelength

A

755nm

175
Q

Diode

A

810nm

176
Q

Nd:yag

A

1064nm

177
Q

IPL wavelength

A

400-1200nm

178
Q

A flat spot of discoloration, neither raised nor sunken

A

Macule

179
Q

A small elevated pimple that contains no fluid

A

Papule

180
Q

A solid lump larger then a papule

A

Nodule

181
Q

Largest of the fluidless lesions

A

Tumor

182
Q

Itchy swollen lesion temporary lasting ,a few mins to an hours

A

Wheal

183
Q

A clear fluid filled blister within or just beneath the epidermis

A

Vesicles

184
Q

Larger then a vesicles containing fluids

A

Bulla

185
Q

Inflamed base and contains pus

A

Pustule

186
Q

Dirt grey or green

A

Pus crust

187
Q

Red or black

A

Blood crust

188
Q

Scab like accumulation of blood serum mixed with epidermal material

A

Crust

189
Q

An accumulation of epidermal flakes

A

Scale

190
Q

3 types of scars

A

Atrophic = depressed/sunken ex. Pitted scars
Hypertrophic= raised/ elevated ex. Keloid
Striae= stretch marks

191
Q

Red colored papule cherry angioma

A

Angioma

192
Q

Hemorrhage bleeding under the skin

A

Bruise

193
Q

3 dimensional big bruise, longer healing time

A

Ecchymosis

194
Q

Pin point bruise / oversized needle or erupted follicle

A

Petechiae

195
Q

Abnormal whitening of tissue absense of pigment

A

Leukoderma

196
Q

What’s disease does the mite(little bugs) causes

A

Scabies

197
Q

A disease or infection that spreads on the face of the client after electrolysis

A

Impetigo

198
Q

Always receive info (from other cells)

A

Dendrites

199
Q

Inside the cell body (soma) the decision maker which contains genetic material DNA

A

Nucleus

200
Q

The pathway for info

A

Axon

201
Q

With continuous stimulation the nerves tire
Temporarily inhibility to fire as ast

A

Synapse fatigue

202
Q

Adult acne

A

Acne rosacea

203
Q

Sebaceous cyst size of a pea to an orange

A

Steatoma

204
Q

Nose forehead and scalp dandruff

A

Seborrhea

205
Q

Dry scaly deficiency of sebum

A

Asteatosis

206
Q

A single hair remaining in a treated follicle caused by laser is referred to as

A

Lesions

Electrolysis (4 decks)

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