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Physio II test 3 > Disorders > Flashcards

Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Iodine deficiency: hormone levels and manifestation

A

increased TSH
decreased T3/T4
goiter

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2
Q

Adult onset hypothyroidism (early and untreated): hormone levels and manifestation

A

Early: increased TSH, normal T3/T4
Untreated: increased TSH, gradual dec. in T3/T4
goiter from lymphocytic obstruction and fibrosis

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3
Q

Graves disease: hormone levels and manifestation

A

decreased TSH
increased T3/T4
goiter from TSI (antibody stimulation)

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4
Q

Cushing’s syndrome definition/description

A

primary adrenal hyperplasia

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5
Q

Cushing’s syndrome hormone levels

A

decreased ACTH
decreased glucocorticoids
decreased androgens

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6
Q

Cushing’s syndrome manifestation

A

hyperglycemia, increased proteolysis, thin skin, muscle wasting, central obesity, round face, buffalo hump, hypertension, virilization

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7
Q

Cushing’s disease definition/description

A

overactive anterior pituitary

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8
Q

Cushing’s disease hormone levels

A

increased ACTH
increased glucocorticoids
increased androgens

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9
Q

Cushing’s disease manifestation

A

hyperglycemia, increased proteolysis, thin skin, muscle wasting, central obesity, round face, buffalo hump, hypertension, virilization

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10
Q

Addison’s disease definition/description

A

primary adrenocortical insufficiency from autoimmune destruction of adrenal gland

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11
Q

Addison’s disease hormone levels

A 
autoimmune destruction of gland leads to:
decreased mineralocorticoids
decreased glucocorticoids
decreased androgens
(all cortical hormones)
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12
Q

Secondary Adrenocortical Insufficiency: hormone levles

A

↓ CRH or decreased ACTH
normal aldosterone
↓ glucocorticoids
↓ androgens

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13
Q

Secondary Adrenocortical Insufficiency symptoms

A

symptoms related to
↓ cortisol: hypoglycemia during stress, anorexia, wt loss, weakness
↓ androgens: in females loss of pubes and armpit hair, decreased libido

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14
Q

Addison’s disease symptoms

A

↓cortisol: hypoglycemia during stress, anorexia, wt loss, weakness
↓aldo: hyperK, hypotension, metabolic acidosis, salt craving
↓androgens: in females loss of pubes and armpit hair, decreased libido

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15
Q

Conn’s Syndrome: what is it?

A

an aldosterone secreting tumor

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16
Q

Conn’s syndrome: hormone levels

A

low renin levels

increased mineralcorticoids

17
Q

Conn’s syndrome: symptoms

A

Hypernatremia, fluid retention, HTN
Hypokalemia
Metabolic alkalosis

18
Q

Androgenital syndrome: what is going on here? what are the hormone levels like?

A

hypersecretion of adrenal androgens; as such…

↑ androgens

19
Q

Androgenital syndrome manifestation

A

Masculinizing condition in females

Adult females develop male traits: deep voice, increased muscle mass, amenorrhea, hirsutism, clitoral enlargement, acne

20
Q

21 B-hydroxylase deficiency: hormone levels

A

↑ ACTH levels – lack of feedback control of cortisol)
NO mineral corticoids
NO glucocorticoids
increased Androgens

21
Q

21 B-hydroxylase deficiency manifestation

A

leads to androgenital syndrome

enlarged adrenal gland

22
Q

17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency: hormone levels

A

↑ Mineralcorticoids (↓ Aldo because of symptoms of corticosterone excess HTN inhibits renin secretion)
NO mineralcorticoids
NO androgens

23
Q

17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency: manifestations

A

hypertension (which inhibits renin secretion)

24
Q

Rickets definition & cause

A

vitamin D deficiency of childhood caused by inadequate diet and/or sunlight exposure

25
Q

Rickets effects on electrolytes

A

↓ calcium
↓ PO4
↑ PTH

26
Q

Rickets manifestation

A

growth failure/skeletal abnormalities

hypocalcemia

27
Q

Rickets treatment

A

proper diet and vitamin D supplements

28
Q

Osteomalacia definition and causes

A

vitamin D deficiency of adulthood

causes: dietary deficiency, intestinal surgery, lack of sun, chronic renal failure, genetic

29
Q

Osteomalacia electrolyte levels

A

↓ calcium

↑ PTH

30
Q

Osteomalacia manifestation

A

softened weakened bones, frequent fractures, hypocalcemic tetany, hyperparathyroidism due to low Ca

31
Q

Osteomalacia treatment

A

vitamin D, Calcium and/or phosphate supplements (ergocalciferol)

32
Q

Hyperparathyroidism electrolyte levels

A

↑ calcium
↓ phosphate
↑ PTH (usu PTH-secreting adenoma)

33
Q

Hyperparathyroidism manifestation

A

osteoporosis, kidney stones, muscle weakness

34
Q

Hypoparathyroidism electrolyte levels

A

↓ Calcium
↑ phosphate
↓ PTH (accidental removal during thyroidectomy)

35
Q

hypoparathyroidism manifestation

A

decreased bone resorption, tetany, convulsions

36
Q

hypoparathyroidism treatment

A

calcium + vitamin D

37
Q

psuedohypoparathyroidism: explain the condition

A

G protein target on tissues (bond/kidney) not functional

38
Q

pseudohypoparathyroidsim

A

↓ Calcium
↑ PO4
↑ PTH

39
Q

pseudohypoparathyroidism manifestation

A

growth abnormalities

Physio II test 3 (1 decks)

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