Disorders

Question 1

Nevus

Answer 1

Also known as a mole, this is a noncancerous growth on the skin that’s made up of melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin. They can appear anywhere on the body, and they are usually brown, smooth, and slightly raised.

Question 2

Desquamation

Answer 2

Medical term for peeling or flaking skin, which occurs when the body sheds dead skin cells from the epidermis, the outermost layer of skin. It’s a natural process that helps the skin heal and recover from damage.

Question 3

Lesion

Answer 3

A region on the skin which has suffered damage through injury or disease, such as a wound, ulcer, abscess, or tumor.

Question 4

Macule

Answer 4

A flat, discolored area of skin that is usually less than 1 centimeter wide and doesn’t change the skin’s texture or thickness. These are nonpalpable lesions, meaning you can’t feel them if you run your fingers over them

Question 5

Sebaceous
Hyperplasia

Answer 5

This is a common, harmless skin condition that occurs when oil glands in the skin enlarge and form small bumps.

Question 6

Actinic
Keratosis

Answer 6

Also known as solar keratosis, this a precancerous skin condition that appears as a rough, scaly patch or bump

Question 7

Eczema

Answer 7

Also known as atopic dermatitis, this is a chronic skin condition that causes inflammation, redness, and itchiness.

Question 8

Keratosis
Pilaris

Answer 8

This is a common, harmless skin condition that causes small bumps to appear on the skin

Question 9

Couperose

Answer 9

Also known as telangiectasia, this is a condition that causes visible red or purple blood vessels to appear on the face, usually on the cheeks and nose. The blood vessels can form a spider web pattern.

Question 10

Urticaria

Answer 10

Also known as hives, this skin condition causes itchy, raised bumps or welts that can be red or flesh-colored.

Question 11

Erythema

Answer 11

A medical term that refers to abnormal redness of the skin or mucous membranes. It can occur due to a number of possible reasons, including:

Skin injuries, Infections, Inflammation, Exposure to heat, Insect bites, Allergies, Exposure to radiation, Inflammatory bowel conditions, A reaction to certain medicines

Question 12

Hyperpigmentation

Answer 12

A common skin condition that causes patches of skin to appear darker than the surrounding skin. It occurs when the skin produces too much melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. It can appear as freckles, age spots, or larger areas of darkened skin.

Answer 13

Also known as spider veins, these are small, damaged blood vessels that appear as red, blue, or purple lines on the skin. They are usually harmless and don’t cause symptoms, but they can be a cosmetic concern.

Question 14

Post-Inflammatory
Hyperpigmentation

Answer 14

This is a skin condition that causes darkening of the skin after an area has been inflamed or injured. It can occur due to a number of reasons, including:

Acne, Eczema, Burns, Insect bites, Scrapes or cuts, Chronic rubbing, and Medical procedures.

Question 15

Hypopigmentation

Answer 15

A condition where the skin appears lighter than normal due to a lack of melanin. It can appear as white or lighter patches of skin that can be small or widespread.

It can be caused by a number of factors, including:

Skin injuries, such as burns, cuts, or surgery, Skin disorders, such as acne, eczema, psoriasis, chickenpox, or seborrheic dermatitis, Certain medications, A complication of laser treatment or chemical peels.

Question 16

Vitiligo

Answer 16

This is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes white or milky-white patches to appear on the skin, hair, or eyes.

Question 17

Verruca

Answer 17

Also known as a plantar wart, this is a type of wart that grows on the bottom of the foot or toes. Caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), these are common in children, teenagers, and young adults. They can be contagious, but the risk of spreading them is low.

Question 18

Cherry Angioma

Answer 18

A small, usually painless, non-cancerous, bright red or purple bump on the skin that’s made up of a cluster of tiny blood vessels.

Question 19

Hyperhydrosis

Answer 19

A medical condition that causes excessive sweating, even when it’s not needed to regulate body temperature. It can affect the entire body or just certain areas, such as the armpits, palms, feet, face, or chest.

Question 20

Pseudofolliculitus
Barbae

Answer 20

Also known as razor bumps, this is a skin condition that occurs when shaved hairs curl back into the skin, causing inflammation, bumps, and irritation. It’s most common in people with curly or coarse facial hair who shave too close, but can also occur in other areas where hair is shaved or plucked, such as the armpits or groin.

Question 21

Xanthoma

Answer 21

A skin condition that occurs when cholesterol-rich material builds up under the skin, resulting in raised, waxy-appearing lesions that are often yellowish in color. They can appear anywhere on the body, but are most commonly found on the elbows, joints, tendons, knees, hands, feet, or buttocks.

Question 22

Psoriasis

Answer 22

A chronic, noncontagious autoimmune disease that causes raised, inflamed, scaly patches of skin.

Question 23

Wheal or Urticaria

Answer 23

Also known as hives,this is a skin condition that causes itchy, raised bumps or welts that can be red or flesh-colored.

Question 24

Petechiae

Answer 24

Also known as hives,this is a skin condition that causes itchy, raised bumps or welts that can be red or flesh-colored.

Question 25

Ecchymosis

Answer 25

A discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising

Question 26

Icthyosis

Answer 26

This is a group of skin conditions that cause dry, scaly, and rough skin. The name comes from the Greek word for “fish” because the skin can sometimes look like fish scales.

Question 27

Open Comedones

Answer 27

Also known as blackheads, these are a type of acne that appear as small, dark bumps on the skin.

Question 28

Milia

Answer 28

Small, white, harmless cysts that appear on the skin, often near or on the eyelids.

Question 29

Herpes Simplex

Answer 29

A common, highly contagious viral infection that causes painful blisters or ulcers.

Question 30

Vesicle

Answer 30

Two types:

In the Skin: A fluid-filled sac in the skin’s outer layer, also known as a blister. These can be caused by heat, rubbing, or skin diseases. They can be as small as the top of a pin or up to 5 millimeters wide.

In a cell: These are small sacs that move substances in and out of cells. They are a vital part of many biological processes, including digestion, metabolism, and nervous system function.

Question 31

Hirsutism or Hypertrichosis

Answer 31

Two related disorders
1. Abnormal hair growth in women in areas that are typically more hairy in men, such as the face, chest, shoulders, lower abdomen, and back. This condition is usually more bothersome for women, but it can affect both sexes.

2. An increase in hair growth anywhere on the body in either sex. This condition can be generalized or localized, and the hair can be fine or thick, light or dark.

Question 32

Papule

Answer 32

A small, raised, solid pimple or swelling, often part of acne.

Question 33

Pustule

Answer 33

A small, inflamed, pus-filled lesion, commonly associated with acne or infection.

Question 34

Cyst

Answer 34

A closed sac under the skin filled with fluid or semi-solid material, often resulting from blocked sebaceous glands.

Question 35

Fissure

Answer 35

A crack in the skin that may extend into the dermis, often caused by dryness or irritation (e.g., on lips or feet).

Question 36

Crust

Answer 36

A dried collection of serum, blood, or pus on the skin surface, often seen with healing wounds or conditions like eczema.

Question 37

Nodule

Answer 37

A solid, raised lesion that extends deeper into the dermis, often larger than a papule, as seen in nodular acne.

Question 38

Excoriation

Answer 38

A linear scratch mark or abrasion, often self-inflicted due to itching.

Question 39

Keloid

Answer 39

An overgrowth of scar tissue that extends beyond the original wound, typically firm and raised.

Question 40

Skin Tag

Answer 40

Small, benign, flesh-colored or slightly pigmented growths often found on areas of friction like the neck, underarms, or eyelids.