Dislocations

Question 1

Dislocation vs subluxation

Answer 1

Dislocation = competelyout of the joint. Subluxation = still partially within the joint.

Question 2

Hx what do we expect ->

Answer 2

some form of impact

Question 3

Ultimately down o what (diagnosis) ->

Answer 3

ragiology, so looking at radiographs etx

Question 4

Need to check for what before reduction? (and record)

Answer 4

nerve sensation etc. Must be recorded so that we know the sensory/motor loss was there before we did anything.

Question 5

Knee dislocation need what?

Answer 5

Surgery, as usually will have also done acl, pcl, potentially the collaterals, as the tibia has been pushed way back out of place.

Question 6

Commonoest dislocation(s)?

Answer 6

Anterior shoulder (most shoulder dislocations, can also get posterior -> electrocution and seizures), elbow (olecranon-humeral, posterior dislocation (olecranon pokes out posteriorly), hip (posteriorly), knee, ankle (lat)

Question 7

pull down, external rotation (hyumeral head to front of glenoid. Then adduct and internal rotate. will try to fix what type of dislocation?

Answer 7

Anterior shoulder

Question 8

Posterior dislocation -> will be in what position and won’t be able ot do what? Will show Lightbulb sign.

Answer 8

Will be locked in internal rotation and won’t be able to externally rotate (will bash against the body).

Question 9

Olecranon humeral dislocations. -? Which nerves can be injured? how reduced

Answer 9

Posterior.Radial and ulnar. Olecranon is more posteriorly pushed and so obvious.
Reduced by pulling apart and round and down into place. So humerus is held down, then forearm is pulled awayish.

Question 10

Hip dislocated by fall fro height. Usually goes out the back, what position is the leg in?

Answer 10

Shortened, flexed, internally rotated and adducted. (crossed leg position)

Question 11

Why do we have to bbe happy no fracture before reduction (hip),

Answer 11

because of delicat blood supply to head of femur through the neck of the femur, if fractured, can completlely pull the head off when we are trying to reduce

Question 12

Lnee dislocates in what direction? What do we do? Vascular compromise?

Answer 12

Posteriorly, we need urgent surgery! There is a big possibility of vascular compromise so needs to be seen asap.

Question 13

Ankle dislocate in which direction? WHich bone is prominent? WHat can it cause?

Answer 13

laterally -> medial malleolus prominent, can cause skin necrosis.