Disinfectants and Antiseptics

Question 1

What products are in the phenois and phenolics group?

Answer 1

Ortho-Phenylphenol (Lysol, Amphyl, Tek-Trol, 1 Stroke Environ)
Hexachlorophene (Phisohex)

Question 2

What are the uses of phenois and phenolics?

Answer 2

Laundry, floors, walls, and equipment

Question 3

What are the actions of Phenols and phenolics?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 3

Actions: Moderately bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal

Comments: Action not affected by organic material, used as a 2-5% solution on contaminated objects

Question 4

What products are in the quaternary ammonium compound group?

Answer 4

Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chlorie (Roccal-D)
Benzalkonium Chloride (Zephiran)

Question 5

What are the uses of quaternary ammonium compounds?

Answer 5

Instruments, rubber, inanimate objects

Question 6

What are the actions of quaternary ammonium compounds?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 6

Actions: Moderately bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal

Comments: Action not affected by hard water

Question 7

What products are in the aldehyde group?

Answer 7

Gluteraldehyde (Cidex, Glutarol)
Ortho-phthalaldehyde (Cidex-OPA)
Formaldehyde

Question 8

What are the uses of the aldehydes?

Answer 8

Instruments

Tissue biopsies and footbaths (for Formaldehyde)

Question 9

What are the actions of the Gluteraldehyde?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 9

Actions: Highly bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal

Comments: Action not affected by organic material or hard water

Question 10

What are the actions of Ortho-phthalaldehyde?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 10

Actions: Highly bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, and tuberculocidal

Comments: All items processed with aldehydes need to be rinsed with water prior to use

Question 11

What are the actions of formaldehyde?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 11

Actions: Highly bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, and tuberculocidal

Comments: Use in areas of good ventilation, avoid skin and eye contact and inhalation of vapors

Question 12

What are the product examples of alcohol?

Answer 12

70% isopropyl (Most practices)

50% ethyl alcohol

Question 13

What is the use for 70% isopropyl?

What is the use for 50% ethyl alcohol?

Answer 13

Instruments

Thermometers

Question 14

What are the actions of 70% isopropyl?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 14

Actions: Highly bactericidal, some virucidal action, and poor fungicidal action

Comments: 70% solution usually used

Question 15

What are the actions of 50% ethyl alcohol?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 15

Actions: Highly bactericidal, some virucidal action, and poor fungicidal action

Comments: Affected by organic material and dirt

Question 16

What are the products of halogens?

Answer 16

Chlorines (Chlorox)

Iodophors (Betadine, Providine)

Question 17

What are the uses for chlorines?

What are the uses for iodophors?

Answer 17

Chlorines: Floors and cages

Iodophors: Presurgical scrub and thermometers

Question 18

What are the actions of chlorines?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 18

Actoins: Moderately to highly bactericidal, highly virucidal, moderately to highly fungicidal, and some sporicidal activity

Comments: Corrosive to surfaces, vapors can be irritating, iodine tincture is about 2%

Question 19

What are the actions of iodophors?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 19

Actoins: Moderately to highly bactericidal, highly virucidal, moderately to highly fungicidal, and some sporicidal activity

Comments: Iodine tincture is about 2%

Question 20

Overall, what is the action of all halogens?

Answer 20

Moderately to highly bactericidal, highly virucidal, moderately to highly fungicial, and some sporicidal activity

Question 21

What products are in the biguanide group?

Answer 21

Chlorhexidine (Nolvasan, Hibiclens, Virosan)

Question 22

What are the uses for biguanide?

Answer 22

Skin wounds, presurgical scrub, oral cleaning solutions, and cages

Question 23

What are the actions of chlorhexidine?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 23

Actions: Highly bactericidal, moderately virucidal, and poorly fungicidal

Comments: Residual action of about 24 hours due to binding to skin

Question 24

Overall, what is the action of all biguanide?
And
What are the additional comments for them?

Answer 24

Action: Highly bactericidal, moderately virucidal, and poorly fungicidal

Comments: Residual action of about 24 hours due to binding to skin

Question 25

What are the uses for ethylene oxide?

Answer 25

Rubber goods, blankets, and lensed instruments

Question 26

What are the actions of ethylene oxide?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 26

Actions: Highly bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicial

Comments: “Gas sterilization” for objects that cannot withstand heat, carefully read MSDS prior to handling, keep away from flames and sparks

Question 27

What are the products of oxidizing agents?

Answer 27

Hydrogen peroxide
Peracetic acid (Virkon S)

Question 28

Hint for oxidizing agents?

Answer 28

Hydrogen peroxide “oxidizes” skin

=Oxidizing

Question 29

What are the uses for oxidizing agents?

Answer 29

Cleaning wounds and floors, foot bath

Question 30

What are the actions for hydrogen peroxide?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 30

Actions: Moderately to highly bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicial

Comments: Causes oxygen release, which kills anaerobic bacteria

Question 31

What are the actions for peracetic acid?

What are the additional comments?

Answer 31

Actions: Moderately to highly bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicial

Comments: Acton not affected by organic matter or hard water